The nonsensical post is an outcome of oblivion to the 2022 paper in the Annals of Oncology by the FDA Oncology Group. Total confusion in the post. The fog in the post can be ameliorated by understanding
a) primarily the 2022 Annals of Oncology paper on the FDA ECA guidance b) secondarily by understanding the JAMA article c) tertiarily by reading some basic scientific principles as background to read these articles. This is not Bluebook material.