You really do not want to wait in any context to file a patent. It doesn’t add to the years but it does increase the likelihood that someone will claim their patent beats yours in timeliness or that it was already part of the general art in a field by the time you filed. The way you extend is with improvement patents, small additions of improvements that keep taking it forward and making the product incrementally or even largely better than it was.
Even insulin they have been creating new patents constantly for 100 years, better techniques more natural or more absorbable products, products that may be manufactured artificially but use human genes or are not human than an animal product, that can be administered differently, in some fashion that is better for the patient. Etc.