Are you referring to the 400+ failed GBM trials? When the new drug or biologic lacks any significant efficacy, or does not provide any improvement in overall survival (OS), and has significant safety concerns, there is no need for those trials to last 15 years.
The failure of the 400+ GBM trials in the past was proven in much less than 15 years, and in most cases, these 400+ treatments proved to be failures in less than 5 years. That is why these trials did not produce actual 5-Year OS data.
That is also why the DCVax-L Phase III clinical trial was the first successful trial for both newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM in history, to show significant increases in OS for all GBM patients, and to meet both its Primary and Secondary endpoints with statistical significance.