Replies to post #22938 on Humanigen Inc (HGENQ)

[ohm20]

CCR5 doesn't downregulate GM-CSF? Also it should be said that leronlimab in HIV produces a far superior blockade compared to maraviroc.

GM-CSF affects a part of the equation in COVID-19. CCR5 blockade breaks down a myriad of feedback loops.

Maraviroc also protected against development of macroscopic and microscopic damage and colonic shortening and was as effective as prednisolone at preventing DSS-induced changes in colonic levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-17 and GM-CSF

https://www.nature.com/articles/srep30802

One of the pathways for CCR5 downregulation of GM-CSF.

Downregulation of IL-4 as shown above. IL-4 increases IFN-y, reduction of IL-4 decreases IFN-y

a role for IL-4 in enhancing IFN-? expression

https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/102/1/207/16816/IL-4-synergistically-enhances-both-IL-2-and-IL-12

Interferon (IFN)? treatment upregulated nuclear IL-33

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4795790/

IL-33 is responsible for upregulation of GM-CSF.

and enhance IL-33-induced pathologic expansion of T cells expressing GM-CSF

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanrhe/article/PIIS2665-9913(20)30340-4/fulltext#seccestitle50