The duty is basic to public and non public corporate duties to shareholders. These duties are due shareholders in privately held corporations and fiduciary trusts as well. You are trying to narrow these duties with specific regulations. These disclosures are basic fiduciary duties of management to shareholders. In public companies there are further requirements on how these duties are carried out with public disclosures. It is not necessary to have any elements of fraud. It involves breaches of fiduciary duties of the managers (CEO and CFO) to the owners of the Company ( SHAREHOLDERS). The test is would a reasonable investor think that it is a materially adverse event.
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