Disclosure Statement Pursuant to the Pink Basic Disclosure Guidelines FORTRAN CORPORATION A North Carolina corporation 3210 16th Avenue S.E. Conover, NC 28613 (828) 324-4611 www.fortrancorp.com info@fortrancorp.com SIC Code: 4813 Annual Report for the Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2019 As of June 30, 2019, the number of shares outstanding of our Common Stock was: 23,262,828 As of March 31, 2019, the number of shares outstanding of our Common Stock was: 28,914,351 Indicate whether the Company is a shell company (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act of 1934): NO Indicate whether the Company’s shell status has changed since the previous reporting period: NO Indicate whether a Change in Control of the Company has occurred over this reporting period: NO
Name of the Issuer and its Predecessors (if any) Fortran Corporation, formerly known as Burkyarns, Inc. and Burke Mills, Inc., was incorporated in the state of North Carolina on March 17, 1948. Burkyarns, Inc. changed its name to Burke Mills, Inc. on May 7, 1979, and Burke Mills, Inc. changed its name to Fortran Corporation on February 12, 2013. Fortran Corporation’s current standing is “active” in the state of North Carolina. Has the issuer or any of its predecessors ever been in bankruptcy, receivership, or any similar proceeding in the last five years? NO Security Information Trading Symbol: FRTN Exact title and class of securities outstanding: Common Stock CUSIP: 34960D 108 Par or Stated Value: None Total shares authorized: 50,000,000 as of June 30, 2019 Total shares outstanding: 23,262,828 as of June 30, 2019 and 23,262,828 as of September 26, 2019 Number of shares in the Public Float: 13,703,049 as of September 26, 2019. Total number of shareholders of record: 352 as of September 26, 2019. Preferred share information: Exact title and class of securities outstanding: Preferred Stock CUSIP: N/A Par or Stated Value: None Total shares authorized: 10,000,000 as of June 30, 2019 Total shares outstanding: 1,500,000 as of June 30, 2019 and 1,500,000 as of September 26, 2019 Transfer Agent Colonial Stock Transfer 66 Exchange Place, Suite 100 Salt Lake City, Utah 84111 (801) 355-5740 www.colonialstock.com info@colonialstock.com The Transfer Agent is registered under the Exchange Act. List any restrictions on the transfer of security: See Item F under “Issuance History” below. Describe any trading suspension orders issued by the SEC concerning the issuer or its predecessor: NONE
List any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, merger, acquisition, spin-off, or reorganization either currently anticipated or that occurred within the past 12 months: NONE Issuance History The goal of this section is to provide disclosure with respect to each event that resulted in any direct changes to the total shares outstanding of any class of the issuer’s securities in the past two completed fiscal years and any subsequent period. Disclosure under this item shall include, in chronological order, all offerings and issuances of securities, including debt convertible into equity securities, whether private or public, and all shares or any other securities or options to acquire such securities issued for services. Using the tabular format below, please describe these events. Changes to the Number of Outstanding Shares Number of Shares outstanding as of July 1, 2017: Opening Balance: Common: 27,637,351 Preferred: 1,700,000 Date of Transaction Transaction type (e.g. new issuance, cancellation, shares returned to treasury) Number of Shares Issued (or cancelled) Class of Securities Value of shares issued ($/per share) at Issuance Were the shares issued at a discount to market price at the time of issuance? (Yes/No) Individual/ Entity Shares were issued to (entities must have individual with voting / investment control disclosed). Reason for share issuance (e.g. for cash or debt conversion) OR Nature of Services Provided (if applicable) Restricted or Unrestricted as of this filing? Exempti on or Registra tion Type? December 3, 2018 January 16, 2019 January 16, 2019 January 16, 2019 January 16, 2019 January 16, 2019 May 10, 2019 May 20, 2019 May 10, 2019 May 10, 2019 December 3, 2018 New Issuance New Issuance New Issuance New Issuance New Issuance New Issuance New Issuance Canceled Canceled 375,000 52,000 150,000 100,000 250,000 350,000 800,000 270,715 247,975 Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Preferred 75,000 No 3,712 No 10,707 No 7,138 No 17,845 No 24,983 No 200,000 Yes N/A Yes N/A Yes N/A Yes No Par No James M. Templeton Frederick K. Greer Brett Bertolami Douglas L. Miller Dayne L. Miller Glenn Withers Christopher L. Sharman Tim Pearce Todd Rankin Douglas W. Rink Brett Bertolami Debt Conversion Employee Compensation Board Member Compensation Board Member Compensation Board Member Compensation Board Member Compensation In conjunction of bank debt settlement Prior Year Correction Prior Year Correction Legal Settlement Board Member Voting Rights Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted N/A N/A N/A Restricted Control Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Book Entry Canceled 5,932,833 New Issuance 150,000
December 3, 2018 December 3, 2018 May 10, 2019 Number of Shares Outstanding on June 30, 2019: New Issuance New Issuance Canceled 500,000 500,000 1,350,000 Preferred Preferred Preferred No Par No Par No Par James M. No Templeton Glenn No Withers Douglas W. No Rink Special Consultant Voting Rights Board Member Voting Rights Legal Settlement Restricted Book Control Entry Restricted Book Control Entry N/A Book Entry Ending Balance: Common: 23,262,828 Preferred: 1,500,000 Fortran Corporation has made the following issuances between June 30, 2019 and September 26, 2019 N/A Debt Securities, Including Promissory and Convertible Notes Date of Note Issuance Outstanding Balance ($) Principal Amount at Issuance ($) Intere st Accru ed ($) Maturity Date Conversion Terms (e.g. pricing mechanism for determining conversion of instrument to shares) Name of Noteholder Reason for Issuance (e.g. Loan, Services, etc.) May 16, 2018 78,114.77 78,114.77 $150 May 16, 2023 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for preferred shares at $.10 per share. James M. Templeton Legal Fees incurred November 23, 2018 60,000.00 60,000.00 $69 November 23, 2023 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. Douglas L. Miller Working Capital Needs December 21, 2018 100,000.00 100,000.00 $148 December 21, 2023 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. James M. Templeton Provide LOC to affiliate January 8, 2019 150,000.00 150,000.00 $542 January 8, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. James M. Templeton Working Capital Needs March 13, 2019 100,000.00 100,000.00 $279 March 13, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. James M. Templeton Provide LOC to affiliate March 28, 2019 150,000.00 150,000.00 $49 March 28, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. Charles D. Miller Provide initial payment to TCA Global March 29, 2019 100,000.00 100,000.00 $16 March 29, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. James M. Templeton Working Capital Needs
March 29, 2019 107,250.00 107,250.00 $18 March 29, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. Peter A. R. Sharman Provide Debt Settlement Funding February 21, 2019 220,000.00 400,000.00 N/A September 3, 2020 $150,000 paid on April 3, 2019. $15,000 per month for 16 months. $10,000 due on 17th month. TCA Global Fund Prior Debt Settlement $1,000 per month for 24 April 11, $432 April 11, months. Balance due April 2019 138,345.90 138,957.85 2021 11, 2021. 6% per annum. Peter A. R. and Donna T. Sharman Deficiency Balance Settlement May 22, 2019 75,000.00 100,000.00 $99 May 22, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. James M. Templeton Working Capital Needs June 18, 2019 95,000.00 95,000.00 $187 June 18, 2024 At any time before maturity, the outstanding balance may be converted for common shares at $.25 per share. Sherry T. Miller Working Capital Needs Financial Statements A. The following financial statements were prepared in accordance with: U.S. GAAP B. The financial statements for this reporting period were prepared by (name of individual): Dayne L. Miller Chief Financial Officer of Fortran Corporation Provide the financial statements described below for the most recent fiscal year or quarter. For the initial disclosure statement (qualifying for Pink Current Information for the first time) please provide reports for the two previous fiscal years and any subsequent interim periods. A. Balance sheet; B. Statement of income; C. Statement of cash flows; D. Financial notes; and E. Auditletter,ifaudited You may either (i) attach/append the financial statements to this disclosure statement or (ii) post such financial statements through the OTC Disclosure & News Service as a separate report using the appropriate report name for the applicable period end. (“Annual Report,” “Quarterly Report” or “Interim Report”). See attached Balance Sheet, Statement of Operations, Statement of Cash Flows and Notes to the Financial Statements for the Twelve months ending June 30, 2019 attached to the end of this Company Information and Disclosure Statement Annual Report.
If you choose to publish the financial reports separately as described in part (ii) above, you must state in the accompanying disclosure statement that such financial statements are incorporated by reference. You may reference the document(s) containing the required financial statements by indicating the document name, period end date, and the date that it was posted to otciq.com in the field below. N/A Financial statement information is considered current until the due date for the subsequent report. To remain qualified for Current Information, a company must post its Annual Report within 90 days from its fiscal year-end date and Quarterly Reports within 45 days of its fiscal quarter-end date. Issuer’s Business, Products and Services The Company Fortran Corporation (“Fortran” or the “Company”), through its subsidiaries, is a leading telecommunications system integrator dedicated to designing, sourcing, implementing and maintaining complex telecommunications solutions and the installation, service and repair of cooling towers across the United States. The Company’s businesses are in two main segments: Telecom Service Segment The telecom segment currently consists of two operating units. B and L Telephone Sales and Service, which is headquartered in Conover, North Carolina, focuses on business and governmental clients throughout North Carolina. Fortran Communications, which is headquartered in Columbia, South Carolina, focuses on business and governmental clients throughout South Carolina. Both companies have direct distribution contracts with NEC (Nippon Electric Corporation). NEC is our prime source for equipment and services that we sale directly to end users. NEC has been a leader in the technology business since 1899. In addition to our NEC core products, we also offer our clients a wide array of complimentary products including cabling, fiber connectivity, SIP trunks, paging, access and control systems and security (including facial recognition technology). New system sales (“Box Sales”) often generate a post-implementation maintenance agreement (“MSA”) to support the system, which generally ranges from 1-3 years for commercial clients and 3-5 years for government clients. Historically, such an agreement results in a fixed fee earned over the term of the contract. MSA and MAC revenues are the direct result of the Company’s relationship with its clients and its longstanding record of providing high-quality service. Cooling Tower Service Segment On November 16, 2015, we acquired an eighty percent (80%) interest in Tower Performance, Inc. (“TPI”) to provide cooling tower services. TPI is a national specialty contractor involved with the repair, maintenance, upgrade, inspection, construction and sale of parts for all types
of cooling towers, mechanical equipment parts and maintenance of air coolers. TPI has its own trained crews that perform work at its customers’ facilities. Customer Markets TPI’s clients are found in multiple industries including: - Utilities, Chemical/petrochemical, Commercial real estate, Colleges and institutions, Phosphate/fertilizer, Steel, Hospitals, Air Separation, Paper/bottling, Export/wholesale This diversification helps protect the Company from the impact of a downturn in any specific industry and results in consistent demand. Organization TPI is organized as a C-Corporation and was established in 1964. TPI is headquartered in Florham Park, New Jersey in a 3,000 square foot office approximately 10 miles northwest of Newark Liberty International Airport. Additionally, TPI leases a 2,000 square foot office and a 4,000 square foot warehouse/yard in Houston, Texas. TPI leases its facilities from third parties at a fair market rate of $109,000 per year. Employee Base TPI has 50-70 full-time employees, including 10 salespersons, a construction crew of up to 60 in Texas and 4 in New York/New Jersey and 3 administrative persons. TPI values its staff and their experience and that treatment is reflected in a low employee turnover. TPI produced net revenues of $9,818,000 and $10,383,000 for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Issuer’s Facilities The goal of this section is to provide a potential investor with a clear understanding of all assets, properties or facilities owned, used or leased by the issuer. In responding to this item, please clearly describe the assets, properties or facilities of the issuer, give the location of the principal plants and other property of the issuer and describe the condition of the properties. If the issuer does not have complete ownership or control of the property (for example, if others also own property or if there is a mortgage on the property), describe the limitations of ownership. If the issuer leases any assets, properties or facilities, clearly describe them as above and the terms of their leases. See the “Issuer’s Business, Products and Services” section above.
Officers, Directors and Control Persons The goal of this section is to provide an investor with a clear understanding of the identity of all the persons or entities that are involved in managing, controlling or advising the operations, business development and disclosure of the issuer, as well as the identity of any significant shareholders. Using the tabular format below, please provide information regarding any person or entity owning 5% of more of the issuer, as well as any officer, and any director of the company, regardless of the number of shares they own. If any listed are corporate shareholders or entities, provide the name and address of the person(s) beneficially owning or controlling such corporate shareholders, or the name and contact information of an individual representing the corporation or entity in the note section. Name of Officer/Director and Control Person Affiliation with Company (e.g. Officer/Director/Owner of more than 5%) Residential Address (City / State Only) Number of shares owned Share type/class Ownership Percentage of Class Outstanding Note Glenn E. Withers Douglas L. Miller Dayne L. Miller Brett Bertolami Emmett D. Crawford Charles D. Miller Philip A. Miller Sherry T. Miller Christopher L. Sharman Richard C. Wilson Cede & Co. Peter A. R. Sharman James M. Templeton Officer (President), Director (Chairman) Director Office (CFO), Director Officer (V. President), Director (V. Chairman) Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Owner of more than 5% Ocean Isle Beach, SC Elon, NC Claremont, NC Mooresville, NC Taylorsville, NC Nashville, TN Elon, NC Elon, NC Charleston, SC Scottsburg, VA Jersey City, NJ Conover, NC Newton, NC 500,000 413,279 1,263,125 531,750 150,000 300,000 1,285,714 1,363,125 1,363,125 1,363,125 1,346,250 350,000 5,688,500 4,238,775 1,235,723 500,000 1,114,286 Preferred Common Common Common Preferred Common Common Common Common Common Common Preferred Common Common Common Preferred Common 33.33% None 1.78% 5.43% None 2.29% None 10.00% None 1.29% 5.52% None 5.86% None 5.86% None 5.86% None 5.79% None 23.33% None 24.45% 18.22% None 5.31% None 33.33% None 4.79%
Legal/Disciplinary History A. Please identify whether any of the foregoing persons have, in the past ten years, been the subject of: 1. A conviction in a criminal proceeding or named as a defendant in a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); Fortran Corporation is not currently aware of anything relevant to this subsection with respect to any of the foregoing persons. 2. The entry of an order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, by a court of competent jurisdiction that permanently or temporarily enjoined, barred, suspended or otherwise limited such person’s involvement in any type of business, securities, commodities, or banking activities; Fortran Corporation is not currently aware of anything relevant to this subsection with respect to any of the foregoing persons. 3. A finding or judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, or a state securities regulator of a violation of federal or state securities or commodities law, which finding or judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated; Fortran Corporation is not currently aware of anything relevant to this subsection with respect to any of the foregoing persons. 4. The entry of an order by a self-regulatory organization that permanently or temporarily barred suspended or otherwise limited such person’s involvement in any type of business or securities activities. Fortran Corporation is not currently aware of anything relevant to this subsection with respect to any of the foregoing persons. B. Describe briefly any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which the issuer or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any of their property is the subject. Include the name of the court or agency in which the proceedings are pending, the date instituted, the principal parties thereto, a description of the factual basis alleged to underlie the proceeding and the relief sought. Include similar information as to any such proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities. See “Commitments and Contingencies” footnote to Fortran Corporation’s Annual Financial Statements as of the twelve months ended June 30, 2019.
Third Party Providers Please provide the name, address, telephone number, and email address of each of the following outside providers: Accounting Advisory Firm GreerWalker CPAs and Business Advisors Carillon Building 227 W. Trade Street, Ste. 1100 Charlotte, NC 28202 (704) 377-0239 Tax Advisory Firm Keener Cassavaugh Farmer & Connor PA 426 Harper Avenue NW Lenoir, NC 28645 (828) 758-7779 Investor Relations Consultant Fortran Corporation 3210 16th Avenue S.E. Conover, North Carolina 28613 (828) 324-4611 info@fortrancorp.com www.fortrancorp.com
Issuer Certification Principal Executive Officer: I, Glenn E. Withers certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual disclosure statement of Fortran Corporation; 2. Based on my knowledge, this disclosure statement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this disclosure statement; and 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included or incorporated by reference in this disclosure statement, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the issuer as of, and for, the periods presented in this disclosure statement. September 26, 2019 /s/ GLENN E. WITHERS Glenn E. Withers, CEO and President Principal Financial Officer: I, Dayne L. Miller certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual disclosure statement of Fortran Corporation; 2. Based on my knowledge, this disclosure statement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this disclosure statement; and 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included or incorporated by reference in this disclosure statement, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the issuer as of, and for, the periods presented in this disclosure statement. September 26, 2019 /s/ DAYNE L. MILLER Dayne L. Miller, CFO
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 As of the Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2019 FORTRAN CORPORATION (A North Carolina Corporation) TRADING SYMBOL: FRTN CUSIP NUMBER: 34960D 108
Table of Contents Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statement of Operations Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes to Financial Statements Page 1 2 3 4 - 12
Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Receivables, less allowances Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Total current assets Due from affiliate Equity method investment Property, plant and equipment (net) Other assets $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ FORTRAN CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited) ASSETS As of June 30, 2019 61,629 50,316 76,411 - 188,356 1,511,000 2,178,211 35,596 162,067 4,075,230 244,682 1,100,000 31,041 41,505 183,803 2,908 1,603,939 1,189,908 2,793,847 505,000 461,634 - 314,749 1,281,383 4,075,230 As of June 30, 2018 $ 87,327 $ 57,932 $ 115,000 $ - $ 260,259 $ 1,311,000 $ 2,553,961 $ 521,647 $ 271,977 $ 4,918,844 $ 358,482 $ 1,100,000 $ 27,546 $ 93,519 $ 2,010,651 $ 138,700 $ 3,728,898 $ - $ 3,728,898 $ 120,000 $ 461,634 $ - $ 608,312 $ 1,189,946 $ 4,918,844 Total assets LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable Due to affiliate shareholders Deferred revenue Accrued expenses Current portion debt Other current liabilities Total current liabilities Long-term debt Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity: Stockholders' equity: Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 27,487,351shares issued, respectively Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 1,700,000 shares issued, respectively Additional paid-in capital Treasury stock Retained earnings Total stockholders' equity Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 23,262,828 and 1,500,000 and See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 1
Revenue: Net revenues Total revenue Costs and expenses (a): $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Fiscal Year June 30, 2019 1,387,805 1,387,805 1,709,104 36,645 1,745,749 (357,944) (375,750) 475,144 (35,013) (293,563) - (293,563) (0.013) (0.013) 23,262,828 23,262,828 Fiscal Year June 30, 2018 $ 1,124,341 $ 1,124,341 $ 1,633,218 $ 110,060 $ 1,743,278 $ (618,937) $ (109,851) $ 315,619 $ (101,072) $ (514,241) $ - $ (514,241) $ (0.019) $ (0.019) 27,487,351 27,487,351 FORTRAN CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited) Net costs and expenses (exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately below) Depreciation, amortization and accretion Total costs and expenses Operating income Income (loss) in equity method investment Other income (expense) Interest expense Income before income taxes Income tax expense Net income Earnings per share: Basic Diluted Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic Diluted See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 2
Cash flows from operating activities: Net income 2019 $ (293,563) $ $ 36,645 $ $ (350,722) $ $ 375,750 $ $ 117,526 $ $ (200,000) $ $ 38,589 $ $ (298,111) $ $ (280,323) $ $ 21,906 $ 2018 (514,242) 110,060 - 109,851 24,269 - 290,991 31,542 566,713 FORTRAN CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) Purchases of investments $ Twelve Months Ended June 30, Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation, amortization and accretion Cancellation of debt income Loss (gain) in equity method investment Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Receivables, prepaid expenses and other assets Due from affiliate Inventories Accounts payable, deferred revenue and other liabilities Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures, net (75,354) -$- Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Debt repayments Proceeds from debt Net cash used in financing activities (Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 21,906 $ $ (494,570) $ $ 1,020,852 $ $ 526,282 $ $ (25,698) $ $ 87,327 $ $ 61,629 $ (75,354) - 78,115 78,115 55,232 32,095 87,327 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 3
FORTRAN CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018 Basis of Presentation and Description of Business Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for financial information. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed financial statements contain all adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position for all periods presented. Description of Business Fortran Corporation (the “Company”) is primarily engaged in the sales, installation and service of telecommunication systems in North Carolina and South Carolina. The Company purchased an eight percent (80%) interest in Tower Performance, Inc. (“TPI”) in November 2015. TPI is engaged in the engineering, sales, installation and servicing of cooling towers for large businesses in New Jersey, New York and Texas. ITEM 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The accompanying financial statements and notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers cash equivalents to be those investments which are highly liquid and readily convertible to cash with a maturity date within three months of the date of purchase. Earnings (Loss) Per Share The Company reports earnings (loss) per share in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260. This statement requires dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share amounts and are based on the weighted average share of common stock outstanding. If applicable, diluted earnings per share assume the conversion, exercise or issuance of all common stock instruments such as options, warrants and convertible securities, unless the 4
effect is to reduce a loss or increase earnings per share. Accordingly, this presentation has been adopted for the periods presented. There were no adjustments required to net income for the period presented in the computation of diluted earnings per share. There were no common stock equivalents necessary for the computation of diluted loss per share. Fixed Assets Office equipment, vehicles and computer software are carried at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight- line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the terms (including renewal periods, as appropriate) of the related leases, whichever is shorter. When fixed assets are sold or retired, their costs and accumulated depreciation or amortization are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss resulting from their disposal is included in the statement of operations. The Company incurs repair and maintenance expenses on its vehicles and equipment. These expenses are recognized when incurred, unless such repairs significantly extend the life of the asset, in which case the cost of the repairs is amortized over the remaining useful life of the asset utilizing the straight-line method. Due From Affiliate The amount due from affiliate represents management fees earned for services provided to an equity method investment in prior periods. Basis of Consolidation We present the financial statements of the Company and consolidate those financial statements with the financial statements of all subsidiaries that the Company controls. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements. Equity Method Investment Investments in affiliated companies that the Company does not control, but over which the Company exerts significant operating and financial influence, are accounted for using the equity method. Due to the nature of the operating agreement in place with TPI’s minority shareholders, the Company has determined that it does not control TPI and has accordingly recorded it as an equity method investment. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and earned. The Company considers revenue realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) the product has been shipped or the services have been rendered to the customer, (iii) the sales price is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. 5
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Trade accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company estimates the allowance based on an analysis of specific customers, taking into consideration the age of past due accounts and an assessment of the customer’s ability to pay. As of June 30, 2019 and 2018, all remaining accounts receivable were considered collectible. Accordingly, no allowance has been provided in the accompanying financial statements. Inventory Inventory consists of parts and materials valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Subsequent Events In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Company has evaluated subsequent events through September 26, 2019, which is the date the financial statements were available to be issued. ITEM 2: Going Concern Statement These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is contingent upon its ability to achieve and maintain profitable operations, and the Company’s ability to raise additional capital as required. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The liquidity situation is improving rapidly, but ultimate success depends upon signed contracts with commensurate financing. (See subsequent events) ITEM 3: Tower Performance, Inc.’s Liabilities In conjunction with the purchase of eighty percent (80%) of TPI’s stock on October 31, 2015, the Company entered into three subordinated promissory notes of $266,667 each, payable to the three individual sellers (the “Sellers”) of TPI upon maturity in November 2018. Interest is payable monthly at a five percent (5%) annual rate and is current through the period ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Although the maturity date was November 2018, the Company feels strongly that a favorable restructuring of this debt obligation will occur by December 31, 2019. The TPI purchase agreement also provides Sellers with a put option requiring the Company to purchase the remaining twenty percent (20%) of TPI stock. The put option became exercisable at August 31, 2018; and, subsequent to that date, was exercised by the Sellers prior to its expiration. The put price is to be calculated by multiplying TPI’s average gross profit for the 12 month periods ending March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 by .829, minus the initial purchase price of $2,200,000. The Sellers have calculated a put price of $335,000, but the Company has yet to finalize the put option transaction. No amounts have been recorded related to the put option as of June 30, 2019 or 2018. In addition, the Company owes Sellers $300,000 held in a deposit account for three years after the transaction date. This amount does not bear interest and is expected to be paid by December 31, 2019. The liability was recorded as debt at June 30, 2019 and 2018. 6
ITEM 4: Debt Information On February 10, 2016, The New Telephone Co. and B & L Telephone, LLC, subsidiaries of the Company, borrowed $115,625.00 plus interest at a rate of thirty two percent (32%) payable at $433.59 per day from CAN Capital. As of March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance was $26,450.31. The Company negotiated a favorable settlement of this obligation during the nine months ending March 31, 2019 and paid $10,000.00 to CAN Capital. The remaining $16,450.31 balance was record as “Other Income” in the Statement of Operations. On March 26, 2007, New Telephone, Inc. borrowed $750,000 from Banco Poplar at a rate of Prime + 2.75 percent per annum. Said loan was secured by New Telephone, Inc.’s assets, real estate owned by Rink Media and a personal guarantee of Douglas Rink. On August 17, 2017 Banco Poplar filed suit against New Telephone, Inc., Rink Media and Douglas Rink personally for non-payment of this loan. As of March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance of this obligation was $115,750.00. The Company negotiated a favorable settlement of this obligation during the nine months ending March 31, 2019 and paid $81,478.02 to Banco Poplar. The remaining $34,271.98 balance was record as “Other Income” in the Statement of Operations. On June 6, 2014, Templeton Family Holdings purchased a convertible debenture from the Company in the amount of $110,000 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. On July 10, 2017 Templeton Family Holdings filed suit against the Company for non- payment. On November 20, 2017, the court issued a judgment to Templeton Family Holdings in the amount of $112,000 plus interest and attorneys’ fees. As of March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance was $110,000 and the outstanding interest and fees was $10,564.06. The outstanding interest and fees were paid in the quarter ended March 31, 2019. Templeton Family Holdings exercised its option to convert the outstanding principal balance to 314,286 shares of common stock at a rate of $.35 per common share. These common shares were issued on March 13, 2019. On October 20, 2015, James M. Templeton loaned the Company $300,000 payable at $25,000 per month at an interest rate of ten percent (10%) per annum, with principal and interest paid monthly and with all payments due in full by October 15, 2016. On October 5, 2016, Mr. Templeton filed suit against the Company in the amount of $300,000 plus interest and attorneys’ fees for non- payment. On August 28, 2017 the court awarded Mr. Templeton a judgment in the amount of $300,000 plus interest and attorneys’ fees, which were recorded as liabilities at March 31, 2019. On December 3, 2018, the remaining principal balance, including accrued interest, was $75,000. On that date, Mr. Templeton exercised his option to convert the outstanding balance to 375,000 shares of common stock at the rate of $.25 per common share. On May 20th, 2016 Peoples Bank, Inc. in Newton, NC loaned the Company $650,000 on two different tracks of land, including buildings. At the same time Peoples Bank loaned the Company $500,000 as a revolving account for the Company. In December 2016 the Company sold its property located at 725 11th Ave. SE, Hickory NC and reduced the $650,000 loan by $380,000. On July 25, 2018 Peoples Bank filed suit against the Company for non-payment on each of the above (See “Commitments and Contingencies”). Peoples Bank followed this action with a foreclosure suit against the Company on the office building of the Company. Sale of said foreclosure property was held during the month of November 2018. At the time legal action 7
began, the approximate balance was $680,355.89 which was reflected as an outstanding obligation at March 31, 2018 in the accompanying Balance Sheet. It was anticipated that a deficiency balance would remain after the foreclosure sale. This balance was dealt with in the courts in accordance with the suit initially filed by Peoples Bank. After the foreclosure sale, the Company negotiated a fair rental agreement with the new owner. The property was sold by the bank for $400,000.00, which ultimately left a deficiency balance of $338,957.85 (including all attorneys’ fees, property taxes and closing costs). During the nine months ending March 31, 2019, this deficiency balance was settled by executing a Promissory Note to Peter A. R. Sharman for $138,957.85 and the issuance of 800,000 shares of common stock to Christopher L. Sharman with a conversion price of $.25 per common share. This Promissory Note is payable at $1,000.00 per month (payment includes principal and interest at 6% per annum) for 23 months with a final balloon payment on April 11, 2021 (final payment includes all outstanding principal and interest). On May 16, 2018 the Company issued to James M. Templeton a promissory note in the amount of $78,114.77 with an interest rate of five percent (5%) per annum payable upon demand with an option to convert to Company preferred stock at $.10 cents per share at any time prior to maturity. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is May 16, 2023. Said note was issued in connection with a settlement and mutual release agreement with Mr. Templeton and certain shareholders. On November 23, 2018, Douglas L. Miller purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $60,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is November 23, 2023. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Miller is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On December 21, 2018, James M. Templeton purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $100,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is December 21, 2023. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Templeton is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On January 8, 2019, James M. Templeton purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $150,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is January 8, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Templeton is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On March 13, 2019, James M. Templeton purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $100,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is March 13, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Templeton is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On March 28, 2019, Charles D. Miller purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $150,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. 8
The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is March 28, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Miller is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On March 29, 2019, James M. Templeton purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $100,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is March 29, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Templeton is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On March 29, 2019, Peter A. R. Sharman purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $107,250.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is March 29, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Sharman is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On May 22, 2019, James M. Templeton purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $100,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is May 22, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Mr. Templeton is entitled, at his option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On June 18, 2019, Sherry T. Miller purchased a Convertible Debenture from the Company in the amount of $95,000.00 plus interest payable monthly at a rate of six percent (6%) per annum. The maturity date of this Convertible Debenture is June 18, 2024. Under the terms of this Convertible Debenture, Ms. Miller is entitled, at her option, to convert all or any lesser portion of the outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $.25 per common share at any time prior to maturity. On February 21, 2019, the Company settled its legal matters with TCA Global by executing a Promissory Note in the amount of $400,000.00 plus giving title to a small tract of land in Lexington, NC with a transfer value of $100,000.00. This tract of land was not carried on the accounting records by the prior management; therefore, there is no Balance Sheet or Income Statement effect with its release to TCA Global. The Company recognized $300,000.00 as “Other Income” in the Statement of Operations as a result of the TCA Global settlement (See “Commitments and Contingencies”). The Promissory Note required the Company pay $150,000.00 to TCA Global on April 3, 2019 and $15,000.00 per month for 16 months and a final payment of $10,000.00 in the 17th month. This Promissory Note bears no interest rate. This Promissory Note had a balance at March 31, 2018 of $700,000.00. 9
Future scheduled long-term debt maturities are as follows for the years ending June 30: 2020 $ 183,803 2021 $ 174,543 2022 $- 2023 $ 78,115 2024 $ 872,250 Thereafter $ 95,000 Please see the Commitments and Contingencies Footnote below for additional legal matters related to certain Debt Instruments. ITEM 5: Impairment of Long-lived Assets In accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets”, the Company reviews long-lived assets, such as rental equipment and fixed assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability of asset groups to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If the carrying amount exceeds its estimate future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized as the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset group. The Company evaluated its long-lived assets, including its equity method investment, and the Company does not consider these assets to be impaired. ITEM 6: Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” A deferred tax asset or liability is recorded for all temporary differences between financial and tax reporting and for net operating loss carry forwards. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be fully realizable. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effect of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. The Company expects to see a higher effective tax rate as a result of higher revenues and lower costs throughout the fiscal year. The effective tax rate for the period ended June 30, 2019 was zero percent (0%). 10
ITEM 7: Fair Value of Financial Instruments Financial instruments consist principally of cash, accounts and related party receivables, trade and related party payables, accrued liabilities and short-term obligations. The carrying amounts of such financial instruments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to their relatively short-term nature. The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt approximates fair value based on current market conditions for similar debt instruments. ITEM 8: Use of Estimates The preparation of the accompanying financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions. ITEM 9: Commitments and Contingencies On May 9, 2018, Peoples Bank filed a complaint against the Company, MMMG Transport, LLC, New TPI, LLC and Douglas Rink in the North Carolina General Court of Justice, Superior Court Division for Catawba County (Case No. 18-CVS-1256). Plaintiff Peoples Bank alleged in its complaint that the Company defaulted on two promissory notes in the original principal amounts of $650,000.00 and $500,000.00 (collectively, the “Promissory Notes”). Peoples Bank alleged that the principal sum of $680,355.89 plus interest remain unpaid on the Promissory Notes. Plaintiff further alleged that defendant Douglas Rink executed and delivered an unlimited personal guaranty of the Promissory Notes, and that the Company’s subsidiaries (MMMG Transport, LLC and New TPI, LLC) granted Plaintiff a security interest in certain assets and real property to secure the loans. Plaintiff sought the payment of the unpaid principal sums plus interest and related costs and attorneys’ fees associated with this action. After the filing of the complaint, Peoples Bank assigned all of its interests in the Promissory Notes to third parties Peter Sharman and Donna Sharman, who are now successors in interest to Peoples Bank on the Promissory Notes and are served as the Plaintiffs in this legal proceeding. The Sharmans purchased the bank’s position for $400,000.00 which left a deficiency balance of $338,957.85. The Company executed a Promissory Note with the Sharmans for $138,957.85 and issued 800,000 shares of common stock to Christopher L. Sharman at a conversion rate of $.25 per common share. The Company negotiated a favorable Lease Agreement with the Sharmans of $4,000 per month, triple net, for 24 months. On August 23, 2018, the Company filed a complaint against Douglas Rink in the North Carolina General Court of Justice, Superior Court Division for Catawba County (Case No. 18-CVS-2382). In the Company’s action against Doug Rink, the Company sought to invalidate 5 million shares of Common Stock and 350,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock. The Company also sought to invalidate 247,975 additional shares of Common Stock that Doug Rink improperly transferred to himself in connection with the settlement of a lawsuit with another party (Todd Rankin). Defendant Rink served as the President, CEO and Chairman of the board of directors of the Company from 2013 until his resignation on April 19, 2018. The complaint alleged that defendant 11
Rink breached his fiduciary duties while serving as an officer and director of the Company and engaged in self-interested transactions to benefit himself at the expense of the Company. The complaint alleged that defendant Rink improperly issued shares of the Company’s common stock and Series A Preferred Stock to himself without the vote, consent or approval of all the members of the board of directors of the Company. The complaint further alleged that defendant Rink mismanaged the Company’s operations and finances and that he misappropriated certain of the Company’s assets for his personal use and benefit. The complaint asserted claims against defendant Rink for declaratory relief, breach of fiduciary duty, constructive fraud, unfair and deceptive trade practices, negligence, conversion and civil theft. Defendant Rink responded to the complaint on December 27, 2018, denying the allegations of the Company’s complaint and asserting various counterclaims against the Company, including a request for a judicial dissolution and appointment of a receiver. On March 1, 2019, the Company and Douglas Rink entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement whereby Douglas Rink would, among other things, on or before April 1, 2019 deliver to the Company all Company stock certificates in his possession or control, sign a stipulation of dismissal with prejudice of his counterclaims in Case No. 18-CVS-2382 and resign as an officer, director and/or manager of all of the Company’s subsidiaries. Pursuant to the same Settlement and Release Agreement, the Company agreed to, among other things, on or before April 1, 2019 file a stipulation of dismissal with prejudice of the claims in Case No. 18-CVS-2382 and pay Douglas Rink the amount of $175,000. On May 10, 2019, Douglas Rink’s shares of common stock and preferred stock of the Company were canceled. To the Company’s knowledge, the obligations of the Company and Douglas Rink under the Settlement and Release Agreement have been satisfied and the case has been dismissed. On August 16, 2018, TCA Global Credit Master Fund (“TCA”) filed, as the sole petitioning creditor, an involuntary bankruptcy petition under title 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code against the Company (the “Involuntary Petition”). The Involuntary Petition was filed in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of North Carolina (Case No. 18-50532). The Company disputes that the Involuntary Petition was properly filed. The Company reached a favorable settlement with TCA Global on February 21, 2019. The Company executed a Promissory Note in the amount of $400,000.00 plus gave TCA Global clear title to a tract of land in Lexington, NC. This tract of land was not carried on the accounting records of the previous management so there is no Balance Sheet or Income Statement affect for this transfer of land. The Promissory Note obligated the Company to pay $150,000.00 on April 3, 2109 and $15,000.00 per month for 16 months with a final payment of $10,000.00 in the 17th month. This Promissory Note bears no interest rate. This settlement resulted in a $300,000.00 reduction in the total amount due and this reduction is accounted for in “Other Income” on the Statement of Operations. Banco Poplar North America v. The New Telephone Company Banco Popular obtained a default judgment in the total amount of approximately $131,000 (including principal, interest and fees). The Company settled this obligation with Banco Poplar with a payment of $81,478.02. This settlement resulted in a $34,271.98 reduction in the total amount due and this reduction is accounted for in “Other Income” on the Statement of Operations. Where a probable contingent liability exists and the amount of the loss can be easily estimated, the Company records the estimated liability. Considerable judgment is required in analyzing and recording such liabilities and actual results may vary from the estimates. Management is not aware of any unrecorded liabilities for which payment is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. 12
Types of Mergers There are five commonly-referred to types of business combinations known as mergers: conglomerate merger, horizontal merger, market extension merger, vertical merger and product extension merger. The term chosen to describe the merger depends on the economic function, purpose of the business transaction and relationship between the merging companies.
Conglomerate
A merger between firms that are involved in totally unrelated business activities. There are two types of conglomerate mergers: pure and mixed. Pure conglomerate mergers involve firms with nothing in common, while mixed conglomerate mergers involve firms that are looking for product extensions or market extensions.
Example
A leading manufacturer of athletic shoes, merges with a soft drink firm. The resulting company is faced with the same competition in each of its two markets after the merger as the individual firms were before the merger. One example of a conglomerate merger was the merger between the Walt Disney Company and the American Broadcasting Company.
Benefits of a Merger or Acquisition
Horizontal Merger
A merger occurring between companies in the same industry. Horizontal merger is a business consolidation that occurs between firms who operate in the same space, often as competitors offering the same good or service. Horizontal mergers are common in industries with fewer firms, as competition tends to be higher and the synergies and potential gains in market share are much greater for merging firms in such an industry.
Example
A merger between Coca-Cola and the Pepsi beverage division, for example, would be horizontal in nature. The goal of a horizontal merger is to create a new, larger organization with more market share. Because the merging companies' business operations may be very similar, there may be opportunities to join certain operations, such as manufacturing, and reduce costs.
Market Extension Mergers
A market extension merger takes place between two companies that deal in the same products but in separate markets. The main purpose of the market extension merger is to make sure that the merging companies can get access to a bigger market and that ensures a bigger client base.
Example
A very good example of market extension merger is the acquisition of Eagle Bancshares Inc by the RBC Centura. Eagle Bancshares is headquartered at Atlanta, Georgia and has 283 workers. It has almost 90,000 accounts and looks after assets worth US $1.1 billion.
Eagle Bancshares also holds the Tucker Federal Bank, which is one of the ten biggest banks in the metropolitan Atlanta region as far as deposit market share is concerned. One of the major benefits of this acquisition is that this acquisition enables the RBC to go ahead with its growth operations in the North American market.
With the help of this acquisition RBC has got a chance to deal in the financial market of Atlanta , which is among the leading upcoming financial markets in the USA. This move would allow RBC to diversify its base of operations.
Product Extension Mergers
A product extension merger takes place between two business organizations that deal in products that are related to each other and operate in the same market. The product extension merger allows the merging companies to group together their products and get access to a bigger set of consumers. This ensures that they earn higher profits.
Example
The acquisition of Mobilink Telecom Inc. by Broadcom is a proper example of product extension merger. Broadcom deals in the manufacturing Bluetooth personal area network hardware systems and chips for IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN.
Mobilink Telecom Inc. deals in the manufacturing of product designs meant for handsets that are equipped with the Global System for Mobile Communications technology. It is also in the process of being certified to produce wireless networking chips that have high speed and General Packet Radio Service technology. It is expected that the products of Mobilink Telecom Inc. would be complementing the wireless products of Broadcom.
Vertical Merger
A merger between two companies producing different goods or services for one specific finished product. A vertical merger occurs when two or more firms, operating at different levels within an industry's supply chain, merge operations. Most often the logic behind the merger is to increase synergies created by merging firms that would be more efficient operating as one.
Example
A vertical merger joins two companies that may not compete with each other, but exist in the same supply chain. An automobile company joining with a parts supplier would be an example of a vertical merger. Such a deal would allow the automobile division to obtain better pricing on parts and have better control over the manufacturing process. The parts division, in turn, would be guaranteed a steady stream of business.
Synergy, the idea that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts is one of the reasons companies merger.