The studies will continue to prove Anatabine is one of the most significant medical discoveries of the decade. More and more of these studies will be published as researchers test anatabine citrate for numerous CNS afflictions and chronic inflammation related diseases (including many auto-immune diseases).
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Internet Submitted Abstract Form No. 10269 Abstract view: D1-23 SPATIAL MEMORY NORMALIZATION AFTER TREATMENT WITH ANATABINE BEGINNING 9 MONTHS AFTER REPETITIVE MILD TBI Ferguson, S.A.1, 2, Mouzon, B.1, 2, Abdullah, L.1, Crynen, G.1, Mathura, V.1, Mullan, M.1, 2, Crawford, F.1, 2 1 Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, USA 2 James A. Haley Veteran's Hospital, Tampa, USA
TBI is a serious illness with long term consequences, even after mild injuries, which involve chronic neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways. Previously we reported on the potential of anatabine to affect neuroinflammation and improve memory when taken acutely after TBI. We have continued to characterize anatabine’s effects in a crossover study as a continuation of our previous work.
We previously presented significant improvements in spatial memory and pathological outcome after treatment with anatabine beginning acutely after repetitive mild TBI (r-mTBI). In the previous study, we treated mice orally with anatabine, administered in their water throughout the study starting 30 minutes after r-mTBI or r-sham. Untreated mice (both r-sham and r-mTBI) received regular water. Although we did not see a significant improvement to the neurobehavioral outcomes at acute timepoints, at a chronic timepoint 6 months after injury we saw a significant improvement of spatial memory of the anatabine treated r-mTBI mice compared to untreated r-mTBI mice, with anatabine treated r-mTBI mice performing as well as r-sham mice. At 9 months, 4 mice per group were euthanized, revealing regionally-specific reductions in IBA1 and GFAP staining in the anatabine treated r-mTBI mice.
We have continued to characterize the surviving mice using a crossover study. Both r-mTBI and r-sham mice that were previously untreated were given anatabine starting at the 9 month timepoint. Mice that previously received anatabine began receiving regular water only. The mice were re-evaluated using the Barnes maze at 12 and 18 months post-injury. Although r-mTBI mice that began taking anatabine at 9 months post-TBI initially continued to perform worse than shams at the 12 month timepoint, by 18 months there were no significant differences in spatial memory between any group. Anatabine shows potential at improving memory following TBI, mitigating against pathogenic neuroinflammation, and may have a long therapeutic window.