HPB84 Ingredients' Clinical Trials
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Bitter Gourd (Memordica Charantia)
****************************
J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Sep;88(1):107-11. Related Articles, Links
"Antihyperglycemic effects of three extracts from Momordica Charantia."
Virdi J, Sivakami S, Shahani S, Suthar AC, Banavalikar MM, Biyani MK.
Department of Life Science, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz East, 400 098 Mumbai, India.
Momordica charantia (L.) (Cucurbitaceae) commonly known as bitter gourd or karela is a medicinal plant, used in Ayurveda for treating various diseases, one of which is diabetes mellitus. In this study, various extract powders of the fresh and dried whole fruits were prepared and their blood glucose lowering effect compared by administrating them orally to diabetic rats. The aqueous extract powder of fresh unripe whole fruits at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight was found to reduce fasting blood glucose by 48%, an effect comparable to that of glibenclamide, a known synthetic drug. This extract was tested for nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT and lipid profile. The extract did not show any signs of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity as judged by histological and biochemical parameters. Thus the aqueous extract powder of Momordica charantia, an edible vegetable, appears to be a safe alternative to reducing blood glucose.
PMID: 12902059 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2. Naja Jihwa (Enicostemma Littorale)
****************************
1: Phytother Res. 2004 Mar;18(3):233-5. Related Articles, Links
"Efficacy of Enicostemma littorale in Type 2 diabetic patients."
Upadhyay UM, Goyal RK.
Smt. R. D. Gardi Government Diploma Pharmacy College, Lakhtar, Gujarat, India.
Pills prepared from Enicostemma littorale (Gentianaceae) were administered to 84 patients with Type 2 Diabetes for three months. Estimation of various biochemical parameters showed that E. littorale reduced blood glucose as well as serum insulin levels and prevented the progression of complications in diabetic patients. Significant improvement in kidney function, lipid profile and blood pressure was observed suggesting that E. littorale is an effective herbal antidiabetic. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publication Types:
Clinical Trial
Multicenter Study
PMID: 15103671 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3. Jambul (Eugenia Jambolana)
***********************
J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Apr;85(2-3):201-6.
"Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract of seeds of Eugenia jambolana in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits."
Sharma SB, Nasir A, Prabhu KM, Murthy PS, Dev G.
Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India. Sharmasbs@rediff.com
The hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract obtained from seeds of E. jambolana was investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Hypoglycaemic activity was assessed by reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG) at 90min and also fall in peak blood glucose during glucose tolerance test (GTT) in sub-diabetic and mild diabetic (MD) rabbits, but in severe diabetic (SD) rabbits by reduction in FBG at 90min. Ethanolic extract (100mg/kg body weight) when given orally to sub-diabetic (AR) for 1 day, MD for 7 days and SD for 15 days showed significant fall in FBG at 90min (12% AR, 18.9% MD and 29% SD) and also produced 16.9% fall in peak blood glucose in AR and 21% in MD rabbits during GTT. When administered daily for 15 days to MD and SD rabbits, significant fall in FBG (41.3% MD, 31.6% SD) and glycosylated haemoglobin (GHb) levels (23.3% MD, 26.6% SD) were observed, while serum insulin level showed significant increase (32.8% MD, 26.9% SD). Liver and muscle glycogen content also increased. The ethanolic extract of seeds also exhibited significant hypolipidemic effect as evident from fall in total serum cholesterol (TC)/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and decreased activity of HMG-CoA reductase. The histopathological studies of liver, pancreas and aorta in alcoholic extract treated diabetic groups revealed almost normal appearance.
PMID: 12639741 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4. Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum-Graecum)
********************************
J Med Food. 2004 Summer;7(2):153-6. Related Articles, Links
"Supplementation of fenugreek leaves lower lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats."
Annida B, Stanely Mainzen Prince P.
Department of Biochemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the lipid-lowering effect of fenugreek leaves in diabetes mellitus. Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal untreated rats; streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats; STZ-induced rats + fenugreek leaves (0.5 g/kg of body weight); STZ-induced rats + fenugreek leaves (1 g/kg of body weight); STZ-induced rats + glibenclamide (600 microg/kg of body weight); and STZ-induced rats + insulin (6 units/kg of body weight). Rats were made diabetic by STZ (40 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally. Fenugreek leaves were supplemented in the diet daily to diabetic rats for 45 days, and food intake was recorded daily. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids were determined in serum, liver, heart, and kidney. Our results show that blood glucose and serum and tissue lipids were elevated in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Supplementation of fenugreek leaves lowered the lipid profile in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
PMID: 15298761 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
5. Bengal Quince (Aegle Marmelos)
**************************
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;48(4):476-80.
"A study of hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity of Aegle marmelos in alloxan induced diabetic rats."
Upadhya S, Shanbhag KK, Suneetha G, Balachandra Naidu M, Upadhya S.
Departments of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal - 576 104.
The present study was performed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of aqueous extract of Aegle marmelos leaves (AML) on diabetic rats. Male albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group I: Control; Group II: Diabetic rats; and Group III: Diabetic rats administered AML. Glucose, urea and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in plasma, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in erythrocytes were estimated in all the groups at the end of four weeks. There was a decrease in blood glucose at the end of four weeks in group III animals compared with group II, however it did not reach the control levels. There was an increase in erythrocyte GSH and a decrease in MDA in group III as compared to group II. The plasma GST levels were raised in diabetic rats when compared to controls. In the group III animals, there was a decrease in GST as compared to group II. Owing to hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties, AML may be useful in the long-term management of diabetes.
PMID: 15907058 [PubMed - in process]
6. Gurmar (Gymnesta Sylvestre)
************************
J Ethnopharmacol. 1990 Oct;30(3):295-300. Related Articles, Links
"Antidiabetic effect of a leaf extract from Gymnema sylvestre in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients."
Baskaran K, Kizar Ahamath B, Radha Shanmugasundaram K, Shanmugasundaram ER.
Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Madras, India.
The effectiveness of GS4, an extract from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre, in controlling hyperglycaemia was investigated in 22 Type 2 diabetic patients on conventional oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents. GS4 (400 mg/day) was administered for 18-20 months as a supplement to the conventional oral drugs. During GS4 supplementation, the patients showed a significant reduction in blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin and glycosylated plasma proteins, and conventional drug dosage could be decreased. Five of the 22 diabetic patients were able to discontinue their conventional drug and maintain their blood glucose homeostasis with GS4 alone. These data suggest that the beta cells may be regenerated/repaired in Type 2 diabetic patients on GS4 supplementation. This is supported by the appearance of raised insulin levels in the serum of patients after GS4 supplementation.
Publication Types:
Clinical Trial
PMID: 2259217 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
7. Cinnamon (Cinnamon Zeylandicum)
***************************
Phytother Res. 2005 Mar;19(3):203-6. Related Articles, Links
"Antidiabetic effect of Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in vivo and in vitro."
Verspohl EJ, Bauer K, Neddermann E.
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Munster University, Hittorfstr. 58-62, 48149 Munster, Germany. verspoh@uni-muenster.de
Rats were given Cinnamomum cassia bark or extracts from Cinnamomum cassia and zeylanicum to evaluate blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in rats under various conditions. The cassia extract was superior to the zeylanicum extract. The cassia extract was slightly more efficacious than the equivalent amount of Cassia bark. A decrease in blood glucose levels was observed in a glucose tolerance test (GTT), whereas it was not obvious in rats that were not challenged by a glucose load. The elevation in plasma insulin was direct since a stimulatory in vitro effect of insulin release from INS-1 cells (an insulin secreting cell line) was observed. Thus the cassia extract has a direct antidiabetic potency. Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PMID: 15934022 [PubMed - in process] Albert 21-06-2005
