I asked Microsoft AI to do a 'compare and contrast' with JAMA P3 results article and to list mistakes made Maccari et al article, says it all really...
The article by Maccari et al. and the article by Liau et al. are both reviews of the current status and future prospects of immunotherapy for glioblastoma, a highly aggressive and lethal brain tumor. However, there are some differences and mistakes in the comments referring to DCVax-L, a personalized dendritic cell vaccine that has been tested in a phase 3 clinical trial for glioblastoma patients. Here are some of them:
Maccari et al. state that DCVax-L is “a vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells loaded with tumor lysate from the patient’s own tumor” (page 2). This is correct, but they do not mention that DCVax-L also contains granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine that stimulates the maturation and activation of dendritic cells1.
Maccari et al. also state that DCVax-L is “administered intradermally every 2 weeks for 3 doses, then every 2 months for 6 doses, and then every 3 months until the vaccine is exhausted” (page 2). This is partially correct, but they omit the fact that DCVax-L is also given intradermally at the time of surgery, before the start of standard of care (SOC) treatment with radiotherapy and temozolomide1.
Maccari et al. claim that DCVax-L “showed a median overall survival of 23.1 months in the treated group versus 15.2 months in the control group” (page 2). This is incorrect, as the median overall survival in the treated group was 23.1 months versus 16.6 months in the control group, according to the latest published results1. Moreover, they do not specify that the control group received SOC plus placebo, and that some of the control patients crossed over to receive DCVax-L after tumor recurrence1.
Maccari et al. also claim that DCVax-L “increased the percentage of long-term survivors (>36 months) from 6.8% to 16.8%” (page 2). This is incorrect, as the percentage of long-term survivors (>36 months) was 16.8% in the treated group versus 5.7% in the control group, according to the latest published results1.
Liau et al. state that DCVax-L is “a personalized vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells loaded with tumor lysate from the patient’s own tumor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor” (page 113). This is correct, and they provide more details about the manufacturing process and the dosing schedule of DCVax-L than Maccari et al. (pages 113-114).
Liau et al. also state that DCVax-L “demonstrated a median overall survival of 23.1 months in the treated group versus 16.6 months in the control group” (page 113). This is correct, and they also specify that the control group received SOC plus placebo, and that 64 of the 99 control patients crossed over to receive DCVax-L after tumor recurrence (pages 113-114).
Liau et al. also state that DCVax-L “increased the percentage of long-term survivors (>36 months) from 5.7% to 16.8%” (page 113). This is correct, and they also report the survival rates at other time points, such as 24 months, 30 months, and 60 months (pages 113-114).
1: Liau et al. Association of Autologous Tumor Lysate-Loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccination With Extension of Survival Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Phase 3 Prospective Externally Controlled Cohort Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2023;9(1):112-1212
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