NorthWest Biotherapeutics Inc (NWBO)

[jm100]

Conclusions
Among the different modalities for immunotherapy in glioblastoma, dendritic cell vaccination has gathered considerable attention after some encouraging reports that have shown acceptable levels of efficacy and safety. In the present review, we found that the effect of the DCV needs a minimum 6-month period to become significant—a finding that can be explained by mathematical models and pathophysiology. This vital outcome may explain some of the conflict between different clinical trials. We suggest a revision in the design of future clinical trials to include patients with longer expected survival periods, and also consider the incorporation of combination immunotherapies to boost the effect of the DCV. Nevertheless, the limitations of our work should be taken into account, in- cluding the limited number of studies and the fact that it may not be generalizable to re- current glioblastoma and other high-grade gliomas.