Liquidmetal Technologies Inc (LQMT)

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2.1. Entire Process Vacuum High Pressure Die Casting (EPV-HPDC) Equipment

The EPV-HPDC equipment was modified based on a standard horizontal cold chamber HPDC machine (Eontec Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China) with a mold clamping force of 280 T. The schematic diagram of the developed EPV-HPDC is presented in Figure 1. The entire casting processes, including the melting, pouring, filling die, and solidification, are integrated into an airtight chamber, which ensures the formation of the components in an extreme vacuum environment. The sleeve, plunger, and mold here were made from heat resistant steel (H13). Unlike the vertical HPDC solution proposed by Inoue et al. [17,18], in the present horizontal EPV-HPDC, the melting of the mother alloy is performed in an oxide crucible, which can avoid heating the metal by a sleeve and can improve the operating temperature range of the equipment. The highest smelting temperature in the present EPV-HPDC is 1773 K, and the highest casting temperature is 1533 K, which enables the formation of most of the glass formers. The temperature of the molten metal is detected and controlled using an infrared sensor. It should be emphasized here that the EPV-HPDC process is different from the injection of a molding solution of BMGs [11], as well as from the traditional vacuum assisted HPDC [19]. The layout of the vertical and hot crucible in the present EVP-HPDC can guarantee a more uniform and controllable temperature field during heating, compared with that in the solution of horizontal and cold crucible proposed by Liquidmetal Technologies, Inc. (Rancho Santa Margarita, CA, USA) [11]. With regard to the traditional vacuum assisted HPDC, it cannot be used to prepare the materials that are easily oxidized, because the vacuumizing in this process is triggered only when the molten metal is about to be filled in a mold cavity [19].