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If u were confused about the 2 strings of casing, that was probably a bad choice of word. ‘Tubing’ would be more general. Wells are frequently a series of over-lapping tubes with ‘casing’ providing support to keep rock from collapsing into hole. Other tubes and ‘liners’ can be put into the cased hole for varying purposes so tube within tube configurations are common/norm.
As a simple, not necessarily realistic example, a well may have a tube in contact with rock & that tube has been perf’d at 2 locations which are isolated by ‘packers’. A 2nd, interior production tube may penetrate the packers and join the 2 perf’d zones. Later, the production company may decide to go back and perf and stimulate the previously isolated zone but to do so they have to shoot thru 2 tubes to get to the rock.
This is outside my competency but dummies guide:
The holes r created by shaped charges: ~ a bunch of armor piercing rocket propelled grenades embedded on ~ a cylinder w varying geometries and numbers along and around the cylinder which is inserted into the well. The explosive penetrates the surrounding tubing thereby allowing fluid communication between the reservoir rock and production tubing. In order to best control flow into or from the rock, the well engineers will want to know the number of holes, hole locations and hole diameters. I don’t know if the hole in the outer tube is always or usually smaller or larger than the inner hole but I’m sure the engineer is more pleased with a regular distribution of known hole sizes and shapes rather than having a mish mash of different hole sizes and shapes. If there’s some unplanned asymmetry in hole sizes, shapes and distribution, then there will b unplanned asymmetry in fracture distribution and probably an undesirable heterogeneity in reservoir depletion. Circular holes are easier to model versus some raggedity irregular fried egg shaped holes and I suspect failure to penetrate both tubes is particularly unpleasant. I don’t know if that happens but I’d b surprised if it doesn’t. I also suspect that sometimes charges fail to fire which screws up hole distribution.
I suspect that the “under stimulated” phrase is a critical part but it also sounds like the customers that have used the product are not Jimbo’s Oil and Garage Service.
as semi_inf implied w the pilot study comment, fracking isn’t as simple as pumping water in until rock breaks.
Refracking would almost certainly involve trying to avoid the original fractures. So that means knowing where the original fractures are and controlling the new fractures to avoid intersections is a paramount concern. I’d bet that the necessary information doesn’t exist for most wells in the Permian basin or anywhere the wells were drilled and completed on the cheap and I doubt if sufficiently accurate info can b acquired after the fact.
Would probably be more effective to completely rubblize the reservoir and run a sweep eor operation (only half joking)
isn’t #2 a bit difficult given NG price?
I agree w all of that. I stopped giving EIA projections any credibility about 8 years ago. It’s kind of hard to mention their annual projection changes and then argue that their projection on renewables is reliable
“I get that many resource mining dependent people don't care about the rights of neighbors to have clean drinking water.”
apparently u r not aware that most “resource mining dependent people” live close to the resource. That is as true in Africa or S America as it is in the US. By your logic, the extractors r wantonly shitting in their proverbial kitchen. In some parts of the world that is true but it’s generally cuz the laborers don’t know any better and making it to the next day is more of a concern than what their environment will b like next year. In the US that doesn’t tend to occur for a variety of reasons that include people generally knowing that shitting in the kitchen isn’t good. They didn’t arrive at that knowledge thru government dictate.
It would also be wrong to assume that the laborers r a bunch of skill-less drones that r readily replaced. 100 yrs ago that was less true in the US but 100 years ago there were lots of MDs administering radium for various ailments. It wasn’t necessary for the federal government to step in to eradicate the bad practice: the scientific community did it on its own.
There’s a big difference between damage caused thru ignorance vs damage caused by careless disregard. Going back to your tool analogy: the Bronze Age came about at dif times in dif places. I suspect that it came about earlier in places like Cyprus where the metals were readily accessible and more easily transformed to alloy. In some places, including Cyprus, the metals occurred as metals and the folks that were lucky enough to live in those places were 1st movers. Those folks eventually became “western civilization” (there r also some Asian examples); however, in the process there was a lot of poisoning of people w arsenic, lead, mercury, etc as well as groundwater poisoning that precluded vegetation. The world would b a very different place if those folks had recognized that mining detrimentally affected vegetation and concluded that they must stop all mining and refining.
Lastly, making statements like Trump longs for the days of Love Canal is just stupid. Pick a president since FDR and I can point you to environmental calamities that directly involve federal negligence or fraud. The EPA came into existence under Nixon. I’m betting that u don’t have anything good to say about Nixon either. The EPA hasn’t made the problems go away and there have been a few Democratic presidents since Nixon. Should I blame Carter, Clinton or Obama for the leaking nuclear waste tanks at Hanford?
u make a good point: tool development advanced thru immediate need, self incentive, imagination/observation, and available resources. It did not progress thru dictates by chieftains stating that the tools had to b made of specific materials, perform specific functions.... and along the way couldn’t produce any environmentally harmful effects.
that roughly approximates what I was gonna say in reply to your India/Indonesia AC comment. 8^)
I’m kind of looking forward to beachfront property and sea breeze (vs cornfields and sweltering humidity)
someday I’ll rediscover a very insightful paper by a biologist that effectively says: barring some cataclysmic environmental change that kills them 1st, all populations of organisms eventually kill themselves if they can’t find another environment to f up.
U jest. Talk to Arch Coal about the impact of Obama environmental regs. Trump became president in 2016. By that time there was 1 non-privately owned coal company operating in the US. That company is now also bankrupt. Prior to Obama becoming president there were many. He did imply rather overtly that he would bankrupt the coal industry and he made good.
completely agree w/ your reply to jbog (I think your link needs to b fixed). I’m guessing that AC isn’t prevalent in cities like Mumbai yet it is still large and crowded but I’d bet Houston would be much smaller. Swamp coolers might keep a decent sized population in Las Vegas but no high rise hotels. Los Angeles might b more dense w much lower population in ‘eastern empire’ (swamp coolers might save the day again). Bay Area would prob b more populated. Disney World would not exist and politicians wouldn’t give a crap about FL. I suspect Dubai would b run by robots operated from Switzerland.
In southern US there would b many fewer people w birthdays in May.
NG price was certainly a contributor to decline in coal derived power but I think Obama would not appreciate detraction from his efforts to increase the cost of coal power.
while I hesitate to say a Manhattan Project style effort will never happen, I’m sure none of us want it to happen. So before your head pops off: 1. people don’t tend to back such projects until there is an immediate, tangible threat and 2. federal government run/funded enterprises are unwieldy, go-to-work welfare programs so expecting governments to accomplish anything is wishful. If you don’t believe, try working in a federal program. Waste and fraud are endemic.
Bombs and war are things people understand. Climate change is much fuzzier. As much as u don’t like it, large fractions of the population r either not convinced that what they experience can not be attributed to variations in weather or they lack resources to live in a more environmentally conservative manner or they are more interested in carrying on in whatever way is most convenient to them (ie they don’t give a crap). Until those folks start dying or going hungry, they won’t change. That gets us back to govmint programs. Those only tend to b effective in dire circumstances. Climate change is not dire regardless of Greta T’s and AOC’s lamentations (trying to scare people with 12 yr expiry dates causes more harm to their cause than good).
In addition, as long as Pelosi, AOC, etc talk about steering climate change funds to social welfare programs that only address immediate lifestyle conditions that have nothing to do with climate, then a large fraction of the population won’t take climate change as a serious threat. To them, the misdirection of funds looks more like a Ponzi scheme.
SLB has some tendencies that were born from Lenin and Mao’s little red book. Every couple of years they have a new 5 yr plan and a new batch of slogans. Always stupid slogans that everyone makes fun of except in the HQ buildings and managers’ offices. Sometimes they recycle the slogans. Frack Fleet of the Future is one that has cropped up a couple of times in 1 x ~10 yr span. Putting sand thru a mechanical pump is never good for pump longevity. So SLB bot a company w/ a clever idea to circumvent such problems. I’d bet that company is part of the $10-14B that they wrote off in 2019. They bought some other clever ideas but they always run them into the ground cuz: 1. there r always Neanderthals at the bottom that like doing things the way they’ve always been done and 2. Neanderthals at the top think AI is some kind of fairy dust that can circumvent the Neanderthals at the bottom
have u been smoking crack?
(pipe dream reference) 8^)
Mostly reasonable but there r some nuances that deserved deeper dive, eg O&G industry is terrified of becoming rent payer to folks like Amazon and Google and hence their own pushes into ‘Big Data’. Problem is that there is a demographic problem: O&G doesn’t pay as well and the talent pool is mostly hostile to O&G.
Author also makes a ridiculous comment along lines of alternative energy being less constrained by geography.
“They've now said forget that, and weapons grade material could be heading to North Korea soon for all I know.”
I doubt that Iran is significant as a contributor of enriched U235 to Korea. NK certainly has means of independently producing Pu239 and I’d be surprised if they didn’t already have an abundant supply of U235 and that they lack the ability to produce or acquire more if the PRC deems it to b advantageous. Iran is probably more dependent on NK for effective weapons development than other way ‘round. Effective meaning delivery as well as making things go ‘boom’.
the only thing I see that might cause lower oil prices and b assoc’d w the Iranian takeout is something along the lines of a 9/11 strike w a trailing recession. Curtailing some minor fraction of air traffic isn’t going to affect oil prices. The 737 MAX crashes had more effect on air traffic than killing a few military leaders.
The author doesn’t present any substantive mechanisms to support his hypothesis. Surprised that an editor let that out the door.
Lmao. I’d insist on a Domino’s style refund. Takeout was over-cooked.
OT: true. I was putting myself in Trump’s brain 8^) . Benghazi was one of his favorite topics re Hillary and what happened w the Baghdad embassy last week bore similarities to what happened w/ Tehran embassy in 1979 which cratered Carter’s re-election. Trump would remember that fiasco is astute enough to not allow himself to be put in a similar predicament.
Soleimani was arrogant wrt to his ‘untouchability’. His meeting w Mahdi presented an optimal 2-fer and Mahdi was definitely somebody overdue for extinction. The fact they were meeting days after attempted storming of the embassy gives credence to possible planning of Tehran replay.
In case folks don’t remember Mahdi was involved in bombing at least 2 US embassies going back to 1983.
at the risk of furthering political discourse: I think this targeted killing was more about juxtaposition to Benghazi and making it clear that a repeat of the 1979 take over of the US embassy in Iran was not gonna happen. ie this is about 2020 election.
SLB tried to do the rock & fluids service game and failed (is failing) miserably. They won’t be able to sell any of that business because they’ve utterly destroyed the businesses they acquired in their attempt to play. I think part of their thinking was that even if they failed, they would keep technology from going to HAL. Stupid.
Unless there is serious consolidation in the lab analysis biz or there is big increase in oil price, it will b difficult for anyone to make $. SLB dreaded commoditization and that’s what has happened - partially cuz SLB (& others) whacked so many of their lab folks & some of those folks set up independent businesses.
Much like environmental lab companies. Dime/dozen. No shortage of people w a 2 yr degree that can black box a GC/HPLC and the overhead to run that equipment isn’t huge.
“The bulk of the above article is about the ballooning debt load of the US E&P industry.”
a good thing to b concerned about. Way too many illiquid E&P companies with way too much debt. Bunch of very large Ponzi schemes.
I’ve seen all manner of managerial irrationality from c-suites to the guy down the hall. The loss of face argument is very likely.
there’s a lot of radium in the produced brines and Ra likes bone. Ewing’s sarcoma looks to be genetic but I wouldn’t b shocked at misdiagnosis. I also wouldn’t b shocked if diagnoses were all correct and any local anomalous disease density was due to local inbreeding of genetic disposition.
If they have the same accountants that valued the CBI acquisition, then who knows what the liabilities and assets are worth ;^)
Also, how does Seth Klarman stay rich?
quite welcome. My $0.02 is just that but Happy New Year to u 2.
another thought: if the dems win in in 2020, the world can count on big increase in oil & gas prices although could b moderated by lack of demand. Lots of service industry folk not so secretly hoping this will happen - although I doubt many r in CLB (going by CLB alumni & employees that I know)
If HAL has the $, they could stick it to SLB by buying CLB and my understanding of CLB’s operational model would fit better w HAL. Baker would b smart to buy CLB but I don’t know if they have the $. SLB would destroy any value from CLB.
I don’t think the service industry will be recovering anytime soon so any purchase would have to b done by someone who doesn’t crimp whatever cash CLB generates.
There r some small analytical service companies, eg Von Gonten, that might b cutting into CLB’s biz. I don’t know if the pack of small companies pose a long term threat to CLB’s position and any buyout vig.
“... anybody I know.”
dishonesty isn’t any better than stupidity
U misinterpreted. I’m not against the epa, trrc or preventing waste. I am against breathless hyperbole.
Maybe the NYT should scout out the invisible plumes emanating from Porta-Johns on construction sites and parks. I’m sure it would be alarming /s
the quote I see in a BBC interview is: “we are close to the tipping point ... could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of 250 deg, ....”
The placement of the commas is important. Venus having a temperature of 250 degrees and Earth becoming like Venus in terms of lifelessness are different things. The surface temperature of Venus is a function of more than its atmospheric gas composition and some of those contributors can not or do not exist in the Earth and I’d bet that Hawking understood that and did not intend to infer that Earth would achieve 250 deg surface temperatures by 2600. The Earth will achieve surface temps of 250 deg but that’s about 1.5 billion years out and will be due to things other than human contributions to atm composition.
Conversely, humans may cause problems that lead to unsustainability of a large population but that will not involve such a large temperature increase.
Mixing those things up is propagandist fear mongering that makes the argument uncredible and is part of the reason that some folks auto dismiss climate change arguments.
100s? Citation? That would take far more than greenhouse gas accumulations & current solar system configuration
That may be when it comes back ;^)
*you not I
the part I quoted
some folks didn’t pay enough attention to Humpty Dumpty when they were kids ;^)
very misleading and convoluted writing. The $231M appears to be for all Canadian cancelled projects and the specific Ontario project discussed says only 4 of 9 generators have been completed.