Lp,s are doomed!
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LPees are known to gauge medical folks with bunk weed for a premium.
That is one of the reason why consumers ask for legacy by name.
"The Montreal-based Starr says there are “little cues” that one is confronted with when they access the legal system “that reinforce that this is a dirty, shameful secret."
This Canadian company is taking legacy brands legal
"For so many years, we hid what we were doing. And I didn't want to be a drug dealer. So the fact that I can move into the legal world [...] is an absolute blessing."
By Sam Riches
Alternate text
Riley Starr, Angelina Blessed and Dome Duong are the founders of flir, Blessed and Little Farma, three legacy brands being launched on the legal market by Gallery Brands. Photo by flir Instagram, Blessed Edibles Instagram, Gallery Brands. Composition by The GrowthOp.
In the years leading up to legalization, pop-up cannabis markets were common occurrences in cities like Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver.
These events were easy enough to find if you knew where to look and were well attended. The term "licensed producer" was not yet in most consumers' vocabularies. Instead, passionate vendors would set up tables with vibrant, colourful displays and a wide selection of products — flower, edibles, concentrates, beverages. It was a glimpse, many hoped, of what a legal future would soon look like.
If you attended one of those events, you may have come across the brand EP Infusions, a line of cannabis chocolate bars, instantly identifiable in Japanese chiyogami paper and boasting flavours like milk chocolate espresso with hand-cracked coffee beans, or Blessed, which offered tasty, nutrient-packed edibles for the health-conscious consumer.
Their tables were often side-by-side at Toronto’s pop-up markets and the people behind the brands, Riley Starr and Angelina Blessed, shared similar ambitions about one day transitioning their products to the legal marketplace.
Years later, with the launch of Gallery Brands, which also includes Little Farma, a legacy concentrate company founded by Dome Duong, they now have an opportunity to participate in the legal market and help change the perception of legal cannabis in Canada.
In June, the Toronto-based Gallery Brands signed a custom manufacturing agreement with The Valens Company, a B.C.-based manufacturer of cannabis products. Valens will be producing edibles and beverages for both Blessed and flir (formerly EP Infusions).
Gone are the days of Angelina Blessed whipping up CBD-infused power balls in her kitchen.
“It’s really different now,” she tells The GrowthOp from her home in Toronto. “Their capacity is huge. And their technology is above and beyond anything we could have ever kind of dreamed of.”
Valens will be using patented emulsion technology, SoRSE by Valens, in manufacturing products for Blessed and flir.
According to Valens, the tech allows the company to transform cannabis oil into water-soluble forms that can be used to infuse foods, liquids and topicals without the taste or smell of pot.
It’s a big change for Blessed, which was born from Angelina’s desire to stay off pharmaceutical medications as she dealt with injuries from a Muay Thai fighting career that saw her compete across Thailand and Canada.
Angelina Blessed used cannabis to treat injuries during her Muay Thai fighting career. Photo by Blessed Edibles Instagram
"I didn't smoke weed for 10 years while I was training," she says. "It was only once my injuries got to a place where I was like, 'I really need to do something about this' and I don't want to be prescribed painkillers. So, through that, I started making oils and butters and feeding it to the people that I was training with."
The brand grew from there, with Angelina seeing the effects of her products first-hand. An authentic love of cannabis and a desire to help people is still at the root of the brand, she says, which is something she believes gives all the companies in Gallery Brands an advantage in the legal marketplace.
"We all kind of came at it from a different way," she says. "I was medicating myself to get myself out of pain. Riley has a beer brewing background. Dome's concentrates are like nothing we've ever experienced before. So these guys grew within the market and I think that's really important."
With many Canadian cannabis consumers still purchasing their wares from the legacy market, there’s also an opportunity to bring consumers to the legal side, while recognizing some of the culture that helped propel legalization forward.
“I think there's definitely an issue with a perceived lack of authenticity,” Riley Starr, the founder of flir, says of Canada’s legal cannabis industry. “I don't think people are convinced that the project of legalization has really honoured the culture that brought it about and I think that's a big problem.”
The Montreal-based Starr says there are “little cues” that one is confronted with when they access the legal system “that reinforce that this is a dirty, shameful secret."
“We don't feel that way,” he says, adding that Gallery wants to become a bigger voice in the industry and help change regulations and bring in consumers that feel alienated by the legal landscape.
Starr points to the experience of going into a cannabis retail store, where the products are hidden behind the counter and covered in warning labels. Consumers can't see, smell, or touch any of the products before purchasing them.
“I think mostly it’s about, at the very least, achieving some kind of parity in regulation with alcohol because I think that’s the biggest contradiction you still see right now,” Starr says. “Alcohol is widely promoted with television ads, all that stuff, whereas cannabis is locked down. And I think a lot of us are just really befuddled at that double standard.”
Flir’s products will be available within the next few months. Photo by flir Instagram
Starr is hoping that flir's products will be available to Canadians within the next few months. Currently, he’s in the process of working out final design prototypes, sourcing ingredients and suppliers and zeroing in on all the final aspects of the business.
It means that the brand will look much different than its predecessor, but the vision that started with EP is still alive in flir, Starr says. The bars will no longer be wrapped in chiyogami paper, for example, but there are other ways to express the original spirit of the brand and keep things creative.
When he first launched the EP brand, he felt there were holes in the market and that other brands and products weren’t resonating with his epicurean sensibilities. Today, he sees similar holes in the world of legal weed, with too many companies “aiming for the centre."
“I think there's a conservative mindset with a lot of people who are putting products out now and I think it's because of the history of the legal market. It's these very, very large companies, who brought in a lot of cash and a lot of investment and have had a couple of difficult years. And I think there’s this very conservative approach to the type of products that they launch, where nobody's interested in taking risks,” he says.
“You really don't see very much creativity in the types of products and flavours that people are working with. So I think the reasons are different, but I do feel very much that there are these big holes and these really big opportunities in the legal market now and that's exactly what we're shooting for.”
For Angelina, despite the fact that she’ll no longer be cooking the products in her own kitchen, she says she now has an opportunity to focus on the aspects of the business that she loves, including recipe development and cannabis education for athletes.
She says she looks back on the pre-legalization markets fondly but adds that those times carried their own stressors.
“As beautiful as those markets were, I was filled with fear,” she says. “For so many years, we hid what we were doing. We didn't talk about what we were doing. And I didn't want to be a drug dealer. That wasn't my goal in life. I just wanted my body to feel better. So the fact that I can move into the legal world and be legit with what I do is an absolute blessing.”
Cannabis market is oversupplied & overcrowded.
Selling bone dry bunk weed is asking for trouble.
You should know better by now.
We are deeply worried...
What will investers do when the word gets out that sales are down in
an overcrowded international canna market.
Easy... they will purchase more shares.
Good call!
This you say OVERGROWING?
Ex-Squeeze me... Supply Glut?
https://www.leafly.com/news/industry/california-pot-supply-glut-2021
California is growing more legal cannabis than it can sell
David Downs
August 30, 2021
Image Test
Outdoor cannabis flowers in Central California. (David Downs/Leafly File Photo 2020)
There’s a lot of affordable, tested cannabis flower to smoke at low prices in California this summer.
What a change from last summer, when a cannabis drought brought on by COVID demand and a seasonal shortage of the legal supply sent prices soaring at dispensaries.
Pot shop owners are selling 2020’s fall outdoor ounces at $200. They’re trying to make room for 2021’s early summer harvest, which is arriving in stores now.
Right now in west Los Angeles:
The Higher Path has an ounce at $140 and half ounces at $55
The Pottery has ounces at $132 and $128
Herb has half ounces for $50 and ounces for $130
MedMen Venice—which gets pilloried for high prices—has an ounce of White Runtz from Farmer and the Felon at $160, Pacific Stone 805 Glue for $155 per ounce, and Miss Grass half-ounces at $85
On budget flower shelves at dispensaries, legalization can now provide the number one value proposition of the black market: low price. That’s on top of convenience, legality, testing, and safety.
Order cannabis right from Leafly
What changed supply and demand in California?
Cannabis consumer smiles are pot farmer tears, unfortunately.
Prices are tumbling because—three years after legal sales began—California is growing more legal cannabis than ever. Meanwhile, the number of legal stores remains a fraction of what they were in the medical marijuana era.
According to the California Department of Cannabis Control, the state has 7,297 active cannabis farm licenses as of Aug. 30, 2021.
By contrast, the state reports 1,130 retail store or delivery licenses. Retail store licensing remains subject to local control in California, and slow growth laws.
California has nearly seven licensed pot farms for every licensed retail store.
Leafly analysis
The Humboldt County Grower Association’s Ross Gordon told MJBizDaily.com Aug. 7 that he estimates the state is growing 1,700 acres of legal cannabis, but stores are only selling an estimated 1,100 acres of product. Another producer Adrian Sedlin at Canndescent told MJBizDaily.com that legal supply is 12 times legal demand now.
After three years of feast and famine in the legal market, distributors are seeing successive floods of flower that started with the 2020 harvest and they don’t promise to recede.
The 2021 early light deps are coming in heavy, reports state. Behind them is the full sun harvest. In the background, huge indoor and mixed light facilities are also pumping out pounds.
Leafly’s sources corroborated reports of farmers struggling to get target prices for their spring season of light dep flower, coming down now. Older buds from the 2020 outdoor harvest sometimes cannot be sold, according to reports.
Major California distributors buy from farms and sell into stores, so they’re uniquely positioned to report on the health of the market. They’re concerned, they told Leafly.
Raw Garden harvest photo essay by David Downs at Leafly
Acres of Central Valley cannabis. (Brian Walker / Courtesy Raw Garden/File Photo 2020)
“There is a big glut with more coming,” one distribution licensee told Leafly.
At major distributor/manufacturer licensee CannaCraft, Chief of Government & Consumer Affairs Tiffany Devitt said the market is “unbalanced” and “unstable” with “devastating” price fluctuations that swung from drought last summer to flood this summer. And there aren’t enough new stores to soak up the excess product.
“We went from a market where the system made it so difficult for cultivators to join the legal market that we didn’t have enough supply and prices were extremely high through 2019 and 2020.
“Today, we have a lot more supply but retail growth isn’t there because the majority of jurisdictions have banned retail,” said Devitt. “So even as the state has made good faith efforts to fix retail licensing, new licensees are just entering the same markets, slicing the market share pie there ever thinner, rather than actually expanding overall markets. More flower going into the same size market is driving prices down and that’s devastating California’s cannabis industry.”
Illicit industry may be playing a shadow role
A Northern California grower-retailer also said that not only is there a glut in the legal supply of weed, but there’s a flood in the illegal supply of weed that’s backed up into legal channels.
Instead of diversion—where legal weed leaves the tracked system, he’s reporting “inversion”—where cheap, unlicensed grown pot is entering the legal system.
“Oregon is producing tons and tons of THC and calling it hemp,” Leafly’s source reports. “Oklahoma is too. This depresses illicit market prices. And this forces prices down in the legal market. It does this by illicit products flowing into the legal system inexpensively. Or, by reducing illicit market demand for legal market cannabis, thus creating a glut in the legal market.”
Related
Meet THC-O, a hemp-derived compound three times stronger than THC
The licensee reported not only high taxes and regulations driving inversion but low oversight of malefactors. Many cannabis growers and distributors straddle both sides of the market, he said.
“Over-taxation only works if there are regulations that are enforced. It doesn’t look like they’re doing it,” he said.
Cannabis economics are changing forever
Prohibition grossly distorted the cost of pot, but as it recedes, cannabis economics are changing.
Researchers forecasted a decade ago that legal cannabis could be 90% cheaper than prohibition prices. We’ve seen that validated in Oregon, which saw eighths hit as low as $6 in 2019.
The question has been “Where, when, and how fast would weed prices drop?”
The illicit market used to be cheaper than the legal market, and East Coast prices used to be higher than the West. Today, there’s 19 legalization states, more than 30 medical states, plus hemp legalization with leakage into the THC markets.
We need to open up more jurisdictions to retail and we need to fix the cultivation tax system.
CannaCraft Chief of Government & Consumer Affairs Director Tiffany Devitt
Today, a major California retail owner and market expert told Leafly, “The legal and illegal market prices have equalized.”
Fixing the legal California market’s oversupply problem will require new stores in new cities, and lowering cultivation taxes to match the shrinking profit margins industry-wide, said Devitt.
“There’s no quick fix, but to bring more stability to the market and sustain one of the State’s great heritage industries, we need to open up more jurisdictions to retail and we need to fix the cultivation tax system, which is a flat tax based on weight. At $154.40 per pound, the tax rate is currently 20% to 70% or higher, while taxes were 10% to 15% a year ago,” said Devitt.
What’s a farmer to do?
As legal cannabis supply increases and prices fall, winners and losers among pot farmers are emerging.
If you’re thinking of growing legal—grow superb, highly potent, flavorful exotic small batch pot. The top end has never been pricier: $75 an eighth-ounce for artisanal Wonderbrett Peach OZ. That’s what Justin Bieber was buying in July in LA.
Up close purple and orange buds of Peach OZ (Courtesy Wonderbett)
Up close purple and orange buds of Peach OZ (Courtesy Wonderbett)
But at the bottom end of quality, small farms can’t compete against the flood of medium or low-quality bud. (That’s similar to the traditional farm economy where heirlooms command a premium.)
Another factor is location, with remote outdoor farmers under more pressure to move pounds out the door.
“[Prices] are definitely starting to drop, and it seems the more remote you are the more willing you are to negotiate,” one broker told Leafly.
Price drop: California cannabis wholesale prices over time
Indoor-grown high-grade flower buds
Pound of indoor OG Kush at late ‘90s prohibition peaks: ~$5,000 (interviews)
Pound of indoor exotics in 2021: ~$2,000 (interviews)
Light dep (aka mixed light) buds
Pound of light dep in 2020: $1,300-$1,600 (MJBizDaily.com)
Pound of light dep in 2021: $600-$800 (MJBizDaily.com)
Outdoor (aka full sun) buds
Pound of 2020 outdoor in 2020: $800-$1,000 (MJBizDaily.com)
Pound of 2020 outdoor in 2021: $200-$500 (MJBizDaily.com)
California
David Downs's Bio Image David Downs
David Downs directs news and lifestyle coverage as the California Bureau Chief for Leafly.com. He's written for WIRED, Rolling Stone and Billboard, and is the former cannabis editor of the San Francisco Chronicle, as well as the author of several cannabis books including 'Marijuana Harvest' by Ed Rosenthal and David Downs. He co-hosts The Hash podcast. TW: @davidrdowns | IG @daviddowns
Cannabis criminals at work flaunting the LAW!
Where is the police?
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/sep/02/swazi-gold-grandmothers-in-eswatini-growing-cannabis-to-make-ends-meet
Global development
‘Swazi gold’: grandmothers in Eswatini growing cannabis to make ends meet
In the poverty-stricken kingdom, an older generation rely on growing marijuana to feed children orphaned by Aids epidemic
A woman tends her crop of about 30 young marijuana plants in the country’s northern Hhohho area.
A woman tends her crop of about 30 young marijuana plants in the country’s northern Hhohho area. Photograph: Mike Hutchings/Reuters
Colleta Dewa in Nhlangano
Thu 2 Sep 2021 07.00 BST
In Nhlangano, in the south of Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), the illegal farming of the mountainous kingdom’s famous “Swazi gold” is a risk many grandmothers are ready to take.
In what is known locally as the “gardens of Eden”, a generation of grandparents are growing cannabis, many of them sole carers for some of the many children orphaned by the HIV/Aids epidemic that gripped southern Africa.
The plots of marijuana are tucked away in forests in the mountains. Around one tiny village alone, the Guardian counted 17 fields of cannabis plants.
Noncedo Manguya is the breadwinner for her family of five grandchildren and two other children from her extended family, who were left in her care after the death of their parents. Manguya, 59, struggled to find a job or start a business and makes money by illegally growing marijuana, or dagga, that she sells on to dealers in South Africa.
“Poverty led me into this business. There are no jobs. These children need to go to school but there is no help at all from government. I have to commit crime, farming weed, to ensure I take care of them,” she says.
“I had three children but they all passed away, leaving me with five grandchildren to care for. All my children were HIV positive and they died because of that. I also take care of two other children, relatives to my late husband, whose parents are also dead.”
Manguya is one of many women in the country who depend on farming marijuana for a living.
They sell a gram of cannabis for seven to 10 rand (about 50p) in South Africa and Mozambique, where it is resold for 10 times the price.
With a population of 1.1 million, Eswatini, the last absolute monarchy in Africa, ruled for the past three decades by King Mswati III, has an unemployment rate of nearly 24%, a poverty rate of 52% and GDP growth of -3.3%.
Women harvest cannabis leaf inside a greenhouse operated by MG Health
Lesotho firm first in Africa to be granted EU licence for medical cannabis
Read more
The highest HIV prevalence in the world has left 150,000 children orphaned with older siblings or frail grandparents struggling to raise small children.
A smallholding in Eswatini
A smallholding in Eswatini. Women in rural areas have very few options to generate an income. Photograph: Graeme Williams/Alamy
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According to the International Labour Organization, 23.7% of women in Eswatini are unemployed and at least half of that number resort to sex work or other illicit trades, such as marijuana cultivation or selling smuggled alcohol.
“Yes, we farm the Swazi gold. I have been in this marijuana business for 11 years. My garden of Eden spares us from dying of hunger. Children have something to wear, something to eat every day, and our lives have become better,” says Manguya.
These women face many challenges, with the authorities using networks of spies in local communities, while some police officers solicit bribes.
“The weed business attracts police attention. Police sometimes burn our crop, or if they catch you after harvesting, they confiscate your product.
“Our market is in South Africa but even if you manage to cross the border into South Africa, clients can tell you that your weed is sub-standard, pushing you to sell at a lower price or to look for other clients. This might expose you to criminal gangs, resulting in you being robbed or raped.
“It is hard being a woman in a country where policies do not prioritise the welfare of women and children.”
In Mashobeni village, Lessie Mbenyu lives with her late mother’s sister. Her aunt’s garden pays for her education.
“I’m still in school but, with Covid-19 lockdowns, we spend more time in the garden. If our marijuana does not do well, we starve. My auntie is the head of the family, then her two children and my little brother.
“We see no reason for going back to school because we will not have jobs, even if we become professors. The government and its police want us to suffer.
“If they do not want prisons to be full with people who do illegal deals to survive, they should start giving grants to kids and families affected by HIV/Aids,” Mbenyu says.
In May, scores of people died in protests that rocked Eswatini. Demonstrators demanded democratic reforms, accusing King Mswati of repression. Rights groups accused the royal family, including the king’s 15 wives, of enjoying a lavish lifestyle while most people live in poverty.
Sibusiso Siyaya, spokesperson for the country’s main opposition party, the People’s United Democratic Movement, says the king fails to prioritise people’s needs.
“Communities resort to illegal means of survival because the government of King Mswati III has played a prominent role in institutionalising poverty,” he says.
“The government has stunted the country’s economic development and failed to build a broad-based competitive economy, relying only on foreign direct investment for development. This has resulted in an increased rate of unemployment and degeneration of public institutions, such as the health sector,” says Siyaya.
“The government has downplayed efforts by organisations that have committed themselves in the fight against HIV/Aids in this country. Interventions of increasing economic resilience within communities have been initiated. However, the government has failed to support such initiatives to deliver the desired results,” he adds.
A representative for the Swazi Rural Women’s Assembly, an organisation that seeks to empower rural women, says more needs to be done in creating decent jobs.
Mountains in Nhlangano village, in the south of Eswatini
Mountains around Nhlangano village, in the south of Eswatini, where many families rely on cannabis farming to survive. Photograph: Handout
“Women are the most affected, especially in rural areas. Farming the Swazi gold is not by choice. They have no other means of generating income.
“As much as NGOs are trying to assist, there are many barriers, which need to be addressed at governance level. Young women end up in sex work driven by poverty and, in turn, the issue of HIV/Aids is exacerbated,” she says.
A Ministry of Agriculture spokesperson, who spoke on condition of anonymity, argued that the geographical location of Eswatini contributed to the economic challenges.
“Eswatini is a landlocked, mountainous country with not enough land for our people to utilise for feeding their families or for commercial purposes. As for marijuana farming, I understand the police have dealt with criminal elements who wanted to contaminate our communities. It’s all under control,” he says.
The opposition party dismisses this explanation: “It is not true that Eswatini doesn’t have enough land for farming. The country has idle land said to belong to the king. The country needs to redress past injustices of a system that sought to enrich a few at the expense of the majority, in particular women and the youth.”
Currently, there is only one legal Eswatini cannabis grower: the US-based Profile Solutions Inc has a licence to grow and process medical cannabis and hemp for a minimum of 10 years.
But, despite the risks, the Swazi gold grandmothers do not want to join the legal market: “Legalising weed might be a threat to our market, as prices might drop. We want the current situation to remain in place,” says Mbenyu.
Data shows canna market in North America is oversupplied~overcrowded
so now would be an great time to load up shares in my opinion.
or when top notch CEO,s the mood...lol
How to make that cough more productive?
World best expectorant :
The money the CIA makes from illegal drug smuggling goes on to fund “black ops” – assassinations, coups, secret wars, not-so-secret wars, and death squads – some of the worst human rights abuses in human history. The CIA’s job was (and is) to make sure the right people are in power – regardless of how many people they have to kill and torture to do it. By now there is quite a lot of evidence gathered and put before the public – such as that which is found in the 2017 book The CIA As Organized Crime by Douglas Valentine – available free online – (45) – that would convince any open-minded person of this being true.
Image #38: The best book on the subject: The CIA As Organized Crime by Douglas Valentine, 2017, available free online.
https://www.cannabisculture.com/content/2021/08/31/the-amazing-world-of-the-coca-leaf/
The money the CIA makes from illegal drug smuggling goes on to fund “black ops” – assassinations, coups, secret wars, not-so-secret wars, and death squads – some of the worst human rights abuses in human history. The CIA’s job was (and is) to make sure the right people are in power – regardless of how many people they have to kill and torture to do it. By now there is quite a lot of evidence gathered and put before the public – such as that which is found in the 2017 book The CIA As Organized Crime by Douglas Valentine – available free online – (45) – that would convince any open-minded person of this being true.
Image #38: The best book on the subject: The CIA As Organized Crime by Douglas Valentine, 2017, available free online.
https://www.cannabisculture.com/content/2021/08/31/the-amazing-world-of-the-coca-leaf/
This is a recurring theme in the history of drug policy – the prohibition never has anything to do with a genuine concern over the population subjected to it – it is always for the benefit of the rulers, and disappears the instant it no longer meets the needs of the rulers.
Prohibitions that are removed by rulers are usually replaced with monopolies or cartels – which also meet the needs of rulers. This is true for coca, for cocaine, for cannabis – for virtually all medicine with the possible exception of the non-controversial, non-psychoactive herbal medicines.
This is discussed matter-of-factly in many of the histories of coca, but when one points out the same thing is happening with cannabis today, one is either dismissed as a conspiracy theorist, or else the myth of cannabis psychosis is trotted out as justification for the cartel.
Image #31: COCA PLANTATION, Peru, 1854, illustrated by Lieut. L. Gibbon, United States Navy. Herb Museum collection, photo by Bert Easterbrook.
https://www.cannabisculture.com/content/2021/08/31/the-amazing-world-of-the-coca-leaf/
Amen Bro
You are right. Plants need air to breathe...
Pack them females and you are looking for trouble.
That will cause the poor plant to stress.
Similar to inflammation on a human, stressed plants become weak.
That is when they are being attack by aphids, spider mite.
Botritis is a bitch when thousands of plants have nowhere to go.
You want homeostasis.
Legalization was implemented by a lawyer working for a big law
firm who was also repping some lp,ees, and Bill Blair!
I was in Ottawa for all of the sessions.
We have heard all kind of dusies.
This big mouth Conservative Party lady was dead set on prohibition,stating "little Johnny will take a leaf from papa,s kush ~ heat-it in ze toaster and will get the hole school stoned".
Of all the cops, lawyers and politicians attending the legalization debate, only a few individuals knew what they were doing.
The whole thing was a sham right for the start.
Chief Finance Officer Chuck Rifici was all over it.
SO THAT was THE FIRST DEADLY MISTAKE. Bad planning.
THE SECOND DEADLY MISTAKE.
LPees master growers salary attrack duds.
80k to 120 does,nt cut it.
But that poor MASTER GROWER is bossed around by BEAN Counters who
know nothing about the plant.
So that explain poor sales.
So they start cutting corners to grow shitty weed.
It depends on too many variables...
But unless they grow Ruderalis, something is wrong.
I know from the horse mouth that lpees scrap tons of females plants.
Is it mold or other issues? they won,t say.
Here is a good primer...
OUR BLOG
MOST RECENT CANNABIS BLOG CANNABIS STRAINS GROWING CANNABIS MEDICAL MARIJUANA
Understanding Cannabis Yield per Plant
You may buy cannabis seeds with the promise of achieving 550g/plant, only to find some stunted little micro-buds come harvest time. What's going on? There are many factors that influence the final yield of your weed crop. Here, we look into each of them and ask, how much weed can you actually get from one plant?
119 22 Aug 2021
Contents:
Where are the bud sites on a cannabis plant?
What is cannabis plant yield?
How to estimate yield for indoor weed plants
The influence of pot size on yield
How genetics impacts yield
Estimating yield based on lighting and wattage
Estimating yield based on available space
How to estimate the yield of outdoor plants
Estimating yield based on pot size
Estimating the yield of autoflowering plants
Other important considerations that affect cannabis yield
Genetics
Nutrients
Light potency
Weather, temperature, and humidity
Time spent vegetating
Training
Hydroponics
Determining marijuana plant yield: the takeaway
Figuring out the yield of a cannabis crop before you have it is no mean feat. In fact, it’s not possible to do so with total accuracy. What we can do, however, is consider our setup, the genetics of our chosen plants, how much light and nutrients we are able to provide, and the maximum space allotted—and then make a stab at a likely yield.
There are many factors that affect how much weed per plant you can achieve, and regulating these will allow you to estimate and increase the size of your harvest!
Where Are the Bud Sites on a Cannabis Plant?
There are two types of bud sites on a cannabis plant. The first is the main cola, which forms around the very top of the plant—where you’d put an angel or a star on a Christmas tree. If using simpler growing techniques, this cola is likely to yield the biggest cluster of buds.
Apart from this, you’ll find buds forming on the side branches, popping up first at the points where the branches meet the main stem. When pre-flowering begins, you’ll notice little white pistils sprouting from these sites. In time, buds will begin to develop and fill up the branches.
Through certain training techniques, the size of the buds can be significantly increased. For instance, Topping or ScrOG aim to make each bud site more like the main cola. But more on this later.
RELATED STORY
The Cannabis Plant Anatomy
What Is Cannabis Plant Yield?
The yield is the final amount of bud you get from your plant(s) after harvest. Within the weed industry, it is chiefly measured in grams.
Whether you’re growing indoors or outdoors will determine exactly how best to measure or predict your yield. Outdoors, the yield tends to be measured in grams per plant. So you’ll see breeders advertising strains as producing, say, up to 300g/plant. Indoors, however, it’s often measured in grams per square metre (g/m²). Plants most commonly fall between 400 and 500g/m².
The latter measurement takes into account each square metre of the canopy that’s exposed to light. It’s assuming that a technique like SOG or ScrOG is being employed, which maximises light exposure to the bud sites. If you’re not using these techniques, yields are likely to come in significantly lower than the upper metrics advertised by seed banks.
What Is Cannabis Plant Yield?
Wet vs Dry Cannabis Yield
Before getting over-excited about a massive yield, it’s important to distinguish between wet and dry yield.
When bud is first harvested from a cannabis plant, it will be full of water, which will account for about 75–80% of its weight. So if you pull in 100 grams straight after harvest, you might find you only have 20–25 grams once you’ve cured it.
A simple sum to estimate your dry harvest, once you have your wet harvest, is to multiply its weight by 0.25. This will tell you what 25% of its current weight is.
How To Estimate Yield for Indoor Weed Plants
But how much weed does one plant produce? Or, in the case of indoor growing, how much does each square metre of canopy produce? Estimating this is difficult, and it can never be more than an estimate. That being said, by assessing a few of the major influences on yield, it is possible to get some sense of what your crop is likely to churn out.
The Influence of Pot Size on Yield
Pot size will have an effect on the final yield. Put simply, a bigger pot means a bigger potential harvest. That said, don’t buy the biggest pots you can find, as these come with significant challenges that, if not managed properly, can ruin the harvest entirely.
Increased pot size means more space for the roots to grow, which will encourage more growth above ground. A plant will only grow to a size that is sustainable for its root system. If it didn’t, it wouldn't be able to support itself or adequately intake water and nutrients.
Bigger plants need more water, more nutrients, and more light. Not to mention much more space. Plus, once a plant is over a certain size, it will require training to get good results. If you’re not used to growing cannabis, it is advisable to keep your plants smaller, as they will require less care. This is another reason for measuring indoor yield in g/m². You may have 4 huge plants or 16 smaller plants. While the yields may be similar in the end, the smaller plants will grow faster and potentially require less care.
The average grower will use an 11-litre pot; this will allow your plant to reach about 90cm—a good size, especially if growing indoors.
All this being said, size does not necessarily indicate the final yield. You may find a plant shoots up but ends up being tall and lanky, while a stubbier plant might ultimately yield more.
For seedlings and young vegging plants For rubust vegging plants Beginning of final pot size threshold
10cm = 0,5L 25cm = 11L 46cm = 57L
13 - 15cm = 1L 30cm = 19L 61cm = 95L
18 - 20 cm = 4L 36cm = 26L 76cm = 114L
22cm = 7,5L 41cm = 19L
How Genetics Impacts Yield
Each strain of cannabis is genetically predisposed to produce yields within a certain range. Some churn out monster yields of 1500g/plant or more outdoors! Other plants, no matter how well you treat them, offer significantly less in terms of yield.
So do some research on your strain(s) of choice beforehand, and check if their maximum yield is enough to satisfy you. Also, be aware that just because a strain can produce a huge yield doesn’t mean it will—you’ve got to treat it right.
Estimating Yield Based on Lighting and Wattage
It is possible to estimate your final yield based on the overall wattage of the lights being used. However, it is a rough estimate that differs depending on the type of lighting. For instance, CFL, HPS, and LED lights of the same wattage will not give the same amount of photo-power to your plants. LEDs are very efficient, and thus can perform well at a lower wattage.
Within the growing community, the upper limit of 1 gram/watt is typically used. This means that for every watt of light you give your plants, you can hope to get 1 gram of weed back. So the average yield per plant under a 600W light would be 600g. Aiming for this, especially as a novice, is very optimistic. More realistically, aim for around 0.5 grams/watt, and you’ll have a better idea.
Again, your setup matters here. The intensity of light is greatest directly beneath its centre and decreases as you near the periphery of its range. So to maximise the wattage available to you, it may be better to have fewer plants drinking up the more intense light, rather than many plants withering in the shadows.
CFL HPS HPS LED LED
WATT 200W 100W 250W 100W 400-600W
CABINET 60 x 60 x 160 60 x 60 x 160 80 x 80 x 160 60 x 60 x 160 120 x 120 x 200
GRAMS 80 - 150 gr 80 - 100 gr 230 - 250 gr 100 - 150 gr 400 - 650 gr
Estimating Yield Based on Available Space
Having more space available to you means the opportunity for bigger yields. While there are various equations you can use to determine the exact yield based on the size of your grow space, the general principle is; if you have more space, you can fit more or bigger plants in. Moreover, you’ll be able to use more powerful lights and put your plants in bigger pots.
If you can’t light or heat a big space enough to satisfy your plants’ needs, you’re likely to get better results by decreasing the size of your operation and giving your plants everything they desire.
How To Estimate the Yield of Outdoor Plants
So, how much weed can you get from one plant outdoors?
When we move outdoors, the potential yield of each individual plant can rocket upwards, depending on the strain. In good environments, plants will have access to the incredible power of the sun and a large amount of space in which to grow. All of this can equate to bigger yields.
RELATED STORY
How Many Cannabis Plants Can You Grow Per Square Metre?
Estimating Yield Based on Pot Size
Outdoors, pot sizes could even start at 25 litres. Considering this is over twice the volume of the average indoor pot, it should be apparent just how much more growth a plant is capable of outdoors.
But like before, pot size alone does not equate to a massive yield. Only with adequate sunlight and nutrients will your plant fulfil the full potential of gigantic pot size.
Estimating the Yield of Autoflowering Plants
Estimating autoflower yield is slightly different to photoperiod yield. On the whole, as they are smaller, autoflowers tend to perform better indoors, especially if using SOG. While the yields of photoperiod plants can increase exponentially outdoors, the jump is nowhere near as dramatic with autoflowering strains.
However, even though they produce smaller yields, autoflowers are faster and generally easier to grow than photoperiod strains. More specifically, they take around two-thirds of the time to reach harvest as photoperiod plants, so it’s possible to achieve multiple crops in one growing season.
Outdoors, photoperiod plants will only begin to flower when the summer ends. Although the spring and summer sun contributes to their huge yields, it’s possible to rake in three consecutive autoflowering harvests during this time, as opposed to one photoperiod harvest.
As autoflowering plants become more stable, their quality continues to increase. There may soon come a time when they yield as well as photoperiod plants.
Estimating the Yield of Autoflowering Plants
Other Important Considerations That Affect Cannabis Yield
Though we’ve discussed the main determinants of your crop’s final yield, there are many factors at play that will ultimately dictate the quality of your harvest.
Genetics
As mentioned, genetics plays a crucial role in the yield of your plants. Luckily, searching for specific genetics in the RQS catalogue is easy. In general, Sativa-dominant hybrids will be the most generous plants, though you may be surprised by some Indica-dominant strains that reject this expectation.
It’s also possible to just search for high-yielding cannabis seeds in general.
The four highest-yielding strains we currently stock are:
Green Gelato — Up to 700g/m² | 800g/plant
Amnesia Haze — Up to 650g/m² | 700g/plant
Shogun — 600g/m² | 750g/plant
Skunk XL — 650g/m² | 675g/plant
Nutrients
Plants need to be fed! If a plant doesn’t have ample nutrients, it will not be able to produce impressive buds. However, don’t get overzealous with your feeding habits. Too much fertiliser will cause nutrient lockout. This is when levels of nutrients in the soil become so high that they block the roots’ uptake of food.
Autoflowering strains tend to need fewer nutrients, so bear this in mind. You may want to start lower than instructed and see how they get on.
Light Potency
More powerful lights mean more powerful growth and bigger buds—unless they’re too powerful, in which case your plants will burn. Likewise, cloudless skies and powerful sunlight will provide better yields than the flabby English sky.
Indoors, the number of plants, and their pot size, must be commensurate with the amount of light you can provide. Outdoors, living in a southern European country or California would be helpful!
Weather, Temperature, and Humidity
Light levels are not the only environmental factor to consider. Plants like warmth and the right humidity. Sativas are especially delicate, and like warm, dry environments. If you're growing further north, opt for more robust Indica-dominant hybrids. On the same note, these strains are likely to finish earlier in the year, which is beneficial the further north you go. There’s no point growing a Sativa that yields 2kg of bud if it finishes at the end of October and you live in Sweden.
Indoors, you can control all the various factors. If you have a tent and ventilation system, you can really fine-tune it. If you just have a room, there’s still a lot of ways to maintain control, especially over temperature.
Other Important Considerations That Affect Cannabis Yield
Time Spent Vegetating
The vegetative stage of growth determines a weed plant’s final size. Once it begins flowering, the energy goes from growing upwards and outwards to produce buds. So the longer a plant vegetates, the larger the final yield can be, in general.
With autoflowering strains, you can’t control the length of this stage, but you can make sure each day of vegging is well spent. With photoperiod plants, on the other hand, you dictate when they begin to flower indoors (when you switch to a 12/12 light cycle). Usually, they are given between 2 weeks and 2 months to veg.
Outdoors, plants will only begin flowering when they sense autumn is coming (as available light dwindles). So to get the most out of them, plant as early as possible, as they will continue to grow throughout all of spring and summer.
Training
Training techniques can vastly improve your final yield. Most of these are used indoors, although trellising and low-stress training (LST) can be utilised to increase outdoor yields too.
Indoors, SOG, ScrOG, topping, defoliation, and high-stress training are all viable options. Though each of these is different, they share the same fundamental aim: to increase light exposure at the bud sites. Your level of skill, your space available, what time do you have and what kind of plant you want will determine which, if any of these techniques, you opt for.
Note that most growers avoid topping their autoflowering plants as they will not have sufficient time to recover before entering the flowering phase.
RELATED STORY
Cannabis Super Cropping: How, When, And Why To Do It
Hydroponics
A hydroponic setup can increase your yield by up to 20%. This is due to more efficient nutrient uptake. Though an effective growing method, it’s a whole different challenge and requires a potentially complex setup with a bit more opportunities to go wrong.
But if you fancy it, give it a go!
Determining Marijuana Plant Yield: The Takeaway
You’ll never be able to know exactly how much weed you'll get from one plant before you have it in front of you. But by understanding the different factors at play, you can make a much more accurate estimate about what you are likely to have.
If you’re a novice, don’t worry too much—it’s all a learning experience, and with practice comes perfection. In time, as you cement the necessary skills, there’s no doubt you can achieve the bumper harvests of your dreams!
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Snorkel Spain SLU - Apartado de Correos nº 146, 08170 Montornès del Vallés (Barcelona)
Canna market is overcrowded big time.
Everywhere.
They are excellent at finding investers...
But like all LP,s,
they CAN<T deliver dankness.
Charles Ponzi
Incompetence at it,s best!
Yield by plant (average) 79 grams
They are Russian Bots fluffy.
So true!
Easy/cheezy... Columbian Gold 6 cents per gram to the rescue.
Legacy contrary to LPees, knows no bound.
They have traction and can deliver.
It,s in their DNA.
Read : sharing their 61 years of canna knowledge & experience.
With many cannabis cup to prove it...
Only good place to grow is in Southern Cal.
Stock Market weed is a Ponzi!
Young Wild & Fluffy is a Russian Bot stuck in Mazar-i-Sharif.
Dude is not pumping much these days.
"Stick around on the sidelines child...
Piles of jingle
Cannabis stocks been very very good to me.
i guess you missed the boat
Hahaha... oh well
Hang 10 --- catch the next wave
More winning high times ahead."
I don,t have to take a boat.
I,m allready there and your not!
You are in the red, but you don,t know it yet.
Ignorance has it,s price.
THE BONE
Me first post (4/01/2015)... Time flies!
I believe MMPR LPees' are doomed right from the start...
Dealing with Health Canada is a nightmare! THEY CANNOT BE TRUSTED!!
Mold is an issue with LPees.
Remo saw mold visiting Tweed.
Radiation is an issue.
Not knowing the canna market i.e. (cannabis culture) is an issue.
Petroleum based salts are an issue.
Eagle 20 is an issue.
Doctors not being on board is an issue.
Not being able to advertize is an issue.
Closing down compassion stores is an issue for poor & sick folks.
Blind-buying-faceless-transaction-canada-post-delivery is an issue.
Having no expiration date is looking for problems down the road.
Showing i.d. when your pushing 80 is stupid.
Most folks want cannabis privacy. Refer madness is alive and well.
No i.d showing when buying alcool? Does,nt alcool kills?
Lpees operation is costing way way way way way too much.
They will never make a dolla.
Barb wires, douche hats, white gloves, 50 million Fort Knox safes...
MMAR folks were annoyed by Tilray's and others MMPR claiming MMAR growers were mold/fire/organised crime.
We all know that fire/mold/organised crime caper was bogus, as RCMP had NO DATA to prove that claim in court.
Good call happy.
Where is happy and dorothy?
They went D-Brown & MMPRuser way?
Are they staying tuned?
Where is Martha?
Bad cannabis smells bad. Taste bad. Looks bad.
That is the reason folks avoid lp,s bunk.
Canna users know better than the refer madness old farts straight cats like you.
But you would not know that.
Ignorance is a bitch!
What ever happenned to due dilligence?
You are invested in a market that you don,t know.
Ignorance will get you knowhere fast!
Cannabis is legalized in Cannada.
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Waiting for your data. I deal only in fact.
Prove me wrong!
Crappy Growth to the moon!!!$$$
Prove it!
Talk is cheap.
CGC is dead. Working on Tilray.
Only a matter of time for them to pop.
I love it.
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9874785/Canadas-legalized-weed-business-flops-1-1-BILLION-gram-marijuana-mountain-sold.html
Where is the profit?
These turd have a licence to print money and they flop?
Bunk weed goes stale fast. Mold issues.
500 tons mixed with cat litter write off
No traction.Overcrowded market. No where to go but down.
Incompetence at it,s finest
Meanwhile, Canadians legacy and newbies are harvesting dollars
Overgrowing lp,s bunk
Fire sells itself
You like Tilray,s weed offering?
Not to worry, it,s coming. Give a little time. Bunk weed is a bitch.
Old fart Biden is in the way and USA market is allready overcrowded.