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The patent has been published. Reference publication number WO/2014/190420 for application number PCT/CA2014/000469,
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014190420
http://www.htsyndication.com/htsportal/article/WIPO-PUBLISHES-PATENT-OF-OLEV-TRASS-AND-MICHAEL-DAVID-MCLAREN-FOR--METHOD-OF-SEPARATING-SOLIDS-USING-BIO-OILS---CANADIAN-INVENTORS-/6194564
Since the patent has been published it has been approved and therefore can be granted based on on the national phase at which applications are submitted to national or regional patent-granting authorities for consideration.
However the US patent, ref US Patent #61/829,460 is still in the application phase.
Based on your earlier statement of patents being applied for and not granted is also misleading and incorrect. I would recommend anyone who would like correct information to do their own research.
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/result.jsf
Search patents by TRASS, Olev
WTWO updates financials, brings status to current information with OTC Markets.
http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWOD/quote
I haven't had my shares updated on etrade or Schwab.
I have been waiting on something to develop here. I just got an email on this, it appears as though the patent was published 01/22/2015. You might not want to sleep on this one. Something may be in the works.
METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS USING BIO-OILS PCT/CA2014/000469
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014190420&recNum=1&docAn=CA2014000469&redirected=true
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014190420&recNum=1&maxRec=&office=&prevFilter=&sortOption=&queryString=&tab=PCT+Biblio
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014190420&recNum=1&docAn=CA2014000469&redirected=true
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014190420&recNum=1&tab=PCTClaims&maxRec=&office=&prevFilter=&sortOption=&queryString=
PATENT APPROVED 02/02/2015 " METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS USING BIO-OILS" PCT/CA2014/000469
(12) International Application Status Report
Received at International Bureau: 07 June 2014 (07.06.2014)
Information valid as of: 06 November 2014 (06.11.2014)
Report generated on: 02 February 2015 (02.02.2015)
(10) Publication number:
WO2014/190420
(43) Publication date:
04 December 2014 (04.12.2014)
(26) Publication language:
English (EN)
(21) Application Number:
PCT/CA2014/000469
(22) Filing Date:
02 June 2014 (02.06.2014)
(25) Filing language:
English (EN)
(31) Priority number(s): (31) Priority date(s): (31) Priority status:
61/829,460 (US) 31 May 2013 (31.05.2013) Priority document received (in compliance
with PCT Rule 17.1)
(51) International Patent Classification:
C10B 57/00 (2006.01); B01D 21/01 (2006.01); B02C 23/08 (2006.01); C11B 3/00 (2006.01)
(71) Applicant(s):
TRASS, Olev [CA/CA]; 4 Conrad Avenue Toronto, Ontario M6G 3G5 (CA) (for all designated states)
McLAREN, Michael David [CA/CA]; 27 Parker Place Guelph, Ontario N1E 7A7 (CA) (for all designated states)
(72) Inventor(s):
TRASS, Olev; 4 Conrad Avenue Toronto, Ontario M6G 3G5 (CA)
McLAREN, Michael David; 27 Parker Place Guelph, Ontario N1E 7A7 (CA)
(74) Agent(s):
BERESKIN & PARR LLP/S.E.N.C.R.L., S.R.L.; Scotia Plaza, 40 King Street West 40th Floor Toronto, Ontario M5H 3Y2 (CA)
(54) Title (EN): METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS USING BIO-OILS
(54) Title (FR): PROCÉDÉ DE SÉPARATION DE SOLIDES AU MOYEN DE BIO-HUILES
(57) Abstract:
(EN): A process for separating a solid having two or more components, at least one of which is lyophobic and at least one of
which is lyophilic. The process comprises, in a single step, comminuting a mixture of the solid in a first liquid to which one of
the components is lyophilic and to which the other component is lyophobic and in a second liquid which is immiscible with the
first liquid and which will wet the lyophobic component to form agglomerates or floes of the lyophobic component and the second
liquid in a mill having positive transport capability such that the mill causes the mixture to be transported therethrough. The second
liquid comprises a bio-oil, bio-diesel or combination thereof. The agglomerates are then separated from the mixture. This process
may be used for beneficiating a coal containing ash.
(FR): L'invention concerne un procédé de séparation d'un solide possédant deux composants ou plus, dont au moins un est
lyophobe et dont au moins un est lyophile. Le procédé comprend, en une seule étape, la réduction en poudre d'un mélange du solide
dans un premier liquide dans lequel un des composants est lyophile et dans lequel l'autre composant est lyophobe et dans un second
liquide qui n'es pas miscible avec le premier liquide et qui mouillera le composant lyophobe pour former des agglomérats ou blocs
flottants du composant lyophobe et du second liquide dans un broyeur possédant une capacité de transport positif de telle sorte que
le broyeur fait en sorte que le mélange est transporté à travers celui-ci. Le second liquide comprend une bio-huile, du bio-diesel
ou une combinaison de ceux-ci. Les agglomérats sont ensuite séparés du mélange. Ce procédé peut être utilisé pour enrichir un
charbon contenant des cendres.
International search report:
Received at International Bureau: 20 August 2014 (20.08.2014) [CA]
International Report on Patentability (IPRP) Chapter II of the PCT:
Not available(81) Designated States:
AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK,
DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, KZ,
LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG,
PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US,
UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW
European Patent Office (EPO) : AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU,
LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TR
African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI) : BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG
African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) : BW, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ,
UG, ZM, ZW
Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO) : AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, TM
I agree, there is definitely a lot of potential here.
WTWO
The OTC markets status is limited information, not default.
Not sure where you are seeing that it is in default. It is clearly active.
http://nvsos.gov/sosentitysearch/CorpDetails.aspx?lx8nvq=lJo2sjSwWLfqJ%252brsSbAV%252fw%253d%253d&nt7=0
WTWO Status Change back to "Active"
http://nvsos.gov/sosentitysearch/CorpDetails.aspx?lx8nvq=lJo2sjSwWLfqJ%252brsSbAV%252fw%253d%253d&nt7=0
We are getting closer. I have a pretty good feeling that we will see an update this week. Everyone make sure you have done your DD, there is a lot of potential here.
WTWO
http://trademarks.justia.com/863/98/converde-86398211.html
http://trademark.markify.com/trademarks/ctm/converde+energy/013340013
http://www.uspto.gov/
http://www.wipo.int/portal/en/index.html
http://www.converdeenergy.com/
http://www.w2energy.com/
http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news
The other classes mentioned fit their current business model. However class 30 usually consists of trademarks in the hemp industry including hemp oils. This almost certainly proves that there is a major MJ play about to take off here.
Also WIPO which is the World Intellectual Property Organization verified that they are processing the patent PCT/CA2014/000469 which is “METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS USING BIO-OILS" which has been submitted by Converde Energy and even mentioned in their previous PR. http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news?id=87525
How does this relate to marijuana?
"Of all the various uses for Cannabis plants, add another, “green” one to the mix.Researchers at UConn have found that the fiber crop Cannabis sativa, known as industrial hemp, has properties that make it viable and even attractive as a raw material, or feedstock, for producing biodiesel – sustainable diesel fuel made from renewable plant sources.
The plant’s ability to grow in infertile soils also reduces the need to grow it on primary croplands, which can then be reserved for growing food, says Richard Parnas, a professor of chemical, materials, and biomolecular engineering who led the study.
http://phys.org/news205599757.html#jCp
$WTWO
If you look at the fact that WTWO was incorporated in Nevada which is potentially the next state to legalize marijuana, the list of patents that they have already and the ones that they have applied for, and the fact that the bio-oil separation makes it a marijuana play this has the potential to be one of if not the biggest marijuana play of 2014.
guardianlv.com/2014/04/nevada-next-to-legalize-cannabis/
http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news
$WTWO Next big MJ play
WTWO recently presented at the 4th International Symposium on Gasification and its Applications
September 2 - 5, 2014, Vienna – Austria
11:35 Preparation of Various Fuels for Gasification using the Szego Mill™ Trass, Olev Converde Energy Inc.
www.i-sga.info/Topics_Programme.html?file=tl_files/i-sga...6...
Download the Final Programme
Final Programme of the iSGA-4 Final Programme of the iSGA-4 (1.2 MB)
**So what is the Szego Mill?**
high volume high quality grinding
general comminution inc
‘High Efficiency Material Grinding Solutions for Industry & Research.’
Operating flexibility, including the ability to grind and process simultaneously, and the
compact size of the Szego Mill relative to its throughput make it attractive for many
food and related applications.
Commercial applications currently in start-up include simultaneous grinding and extraction of oil from oilseed (canola), and grape residue (pomace) processing.
3.1.1 Hemp fiber
Hemp is a lignocellulosic raw material from a high-yield herbaceous annual plant
(Cannabis Sativa L) grown around the world with an interesting economical benefit. Hemp provides long and strong fiber that can be used for different applications, such as paper products,
housing materials, and auto interior parts. Several advantages including excellent fiber quality and physical properties of strength,
durability, absorbency and as a potential energy source are important because of the conversion the hemp plant by bio-processing into many bio-energy products, such as fuel pellets, liquid fuels, and gas, as well as fibers. This type of fibers have nonwoven composites applications as well as woven composite application that are ideal for the production of bio-based auto interior
parts.
http://www.szegomill.com/
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/25534/6/zarei_ali_a_201011_MASc_thesis.pdf
The presentation is Preparation of Various Fuels for Gasification using the Szego Mill™ by Olev Trass who, according to the symposium's programme, represented Converde. For those who do not know Olev Trass, he is a professor emeritus at the University of Toronto. Further info about him can be found here: www.chem-eng.utoronto.ca/facultystaff/emeriti.htm The contact information given during the symposium is that of Mike McLaren...you can check it our for yourselves.
New trademarked logo with the following classes trademarked
Class 1,
Class 4,
Class 7,
Class 30
Class 30 really stands out.
http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/notices/international.jsp
WTWO
If you havent seen it yet, check out post #45432. New trademarked logo with the following classes trademarked
Class 1,
Class 4,
Class 7,
Class 30
Class 30 really stands out.
http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/notices/international.jsp
WTWO
This information is not press release material. It is part of your due diligence prior to investing in the stock. We are getting ahead of the game. I am sure the press release is going to contain a lot more exciting information.
WTWO
Great work. Not sure if you saw this but he is mentioned 3 times in the references of this thesis about "Characterization of Szego-milled Hemp Fibers"
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/25534/6/zarei_ali_a_201011_MASc_thesis.pdf
6. References
1. Austin, L.G. and Trass, O., “Size Reduction of Solids: Crushing and Grinding Equipment”,
Chapter 12 in Handbook of Powder Science and Technology, 2nd edn., M. Fayed and L. Otten,
Eds., Chapman & Hall, N.Y., N.Y., pp. 586-634, 1997.
2. Trass, O, “Developments in Grinding Technology.” International Seminar on Chemical
Engineering and Science for Human Welfare”, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, March
2005.
3. Trass, O., Papachristodoulou, G.L. and Gandolfi, E.A.J., “Wet Grinding of Coal in the Szego Mill:
Limiting Predictions and Experimental Results”, Coal Preparation 16, 179-201 (1995).
Thanks everyone! I member marked you all. I would suggest anyone new looking for an entry point to read my posts from yesterday and Tuesday, especially the ones about the trademarks.
Also one can one of the mods update the intro with the new logo.
Good luck to all.
So what is the Szego Mill?
high volume high quality grinding
general comminution inc
‘High Efficiency Material Grinding Solutions for Industry & Research.’
Operating flexibility, including the ability to grind and process simultaneously, and the
compact size of the Szego Mill relative to its throughput make it attractive for many
food and related applications.
Commercial applications currently in start-up include simultaneous grinding and extraction of oil from oilseed (canola), and grape residue (pomace) processing.
3.1.1 Hemp fiber
Hemp is a lignocellulosic raw material from a high-yield herbaceous annual plant
(Cannabis Sativa L) grown around the world with an interesting economical benefit. Hemp provides long and strong fiber that can be used for different applications, such as paper products,
housing materials, and auto interior parts. Several advantages including excellent fiber quality and physical properties of strength,
durability, absorbency and as a potential energy source are important because of the conversion the hemp plant by bio-processing into many bio-energy products, such as fuel pellets, liquid fuels, and gas, as well as fibers. This type of fibers have nonwoven composites applications as well as woven composite application that are ideal for the production of bio-based auto interior
parts.
http://www.szegomill.com/
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/25534/6/zarei_ali_a_201011_MASc_thesis.pdf
WTWO recently presented at the 4th International Symposium on Gasification and its Applications
September 2 - 5, 2014, Vienna – Austria
11:35 Preparation of Various Fuels for Gasification using the Szego Mill™ Trass, Olev Converde Energy Inc.
www.i-sga.info/Topics_Programme.html?file=tl_files/i-sga...6...
Download the Final Programme
Final Programme of the iSGA-4 Final Programme of the iSGA-4 (1.2 MB)
Converde Energy Inc is a new member of M2North, (major supply chain)
https://m2north.com/companies/alphabetically/C
Relevant results
All results are exclusively procurement focused and always location aware.
Approved sellers
Find the best of our over 20,000 sellers using our shared trust badging system.
Up-to-date products
Because M2North send orders, invoices and price lists for many large companies, our product information is always up to date.
https://m2north.com/welcome
WTWO
Anyone notice the classes that they listed on the trademark?
1, 4, 7, 30
Class 30 really stands out.
http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/notices/international.jsp
That is the logo that they trademarked per the Detailed trademark information from the official European Union trademark database.
We have the trademark date., October 8th, patents, and the little extra DD I posted last night. This is really shaping up to be something big. Let the naysayers talk, we have the evidence to back up a potential monster in the making.
WTWO
WTWO has released 8 out of their 10 press releases on a Wednesday after hours or on a Thursday morning.
W2 Energy Completes Purchase Of Two Solar Electrolysis Patent Applications
https://www.greentechmedia.com/industry/read/w2-energy-completes-purchase-of-two-solar-electrolysis-patent-102658
I know that they currently own at least 5.
http://www.uspto.gov/about/offices/cfo/finance/fees.jsp
Look at some of the patents that WTWO has acquired...
http://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/marketwire/0673580.htm
http://www.wnd.com/markets/news/read/2852905/w2_energy_inc._to_acquire_four_patents
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aZ4peNEQQVzA
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-inc-applies-u-205800139.html
If you look at the fact that WTWO was incorporated in Nevada which is potentially the next state to legalize marijuana, the list of patents that they have already and the ones that they have applied for, and the fact that the bio-oil separation makes it a marijuana play I believe that there is sufficient evidence to support the claim that this has the potential to be one of if not the biggest marijuana play of 2014.
http://guardianlv.com/2014/04/nevada-next-to-legalize-cannabis/
http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news
This was my previous post
I was trying to find the relationship between the "marijuana play" and Converde energy today and found some interesting information.
First I contacted WIPO which is the World Intellectual Property Organization and they verified that they are processing the patent PCT/CA2014/000469 which is “METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS USING BIO-OILS" which has been submitted by Converde Energy and even mentioned in their previous PR. http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news?id=87525
How does this relate to marijuana?
"Of all the various uses for Cannabis plants, add another, “green” one to the mix.Researchers at UConn have found that the fiber crop Cannabis sativa, known as industrial hemp, has properties that make it viable and even attractive as a raw material, or feedstock, for producing biodiesel – sustainable diesel fuel made from renewable plant sources.
The plant’s ability to grow in infertile soils also reduces the need to grow it on primary croplands, which can then be reserved for growing food, says Richard Parnas, a professor of chemical, materials, and biomolecular engineering who led the study.
http://phys.org/news205599757.html#jCp
If you follow the trades today it seemed as though someone had baited a sell-off by selling a couple million shares and getting others to panic sell so they could do a 10 million EOD T-trade @.0009. I would bet that had no one panic sold that trade would have went through at whatever the closing price was whether it be a $9,000 trade or a $11,000 trade. Tomorrow should be a good rebounding day. The stock only traded $56,000 today which isn't really much by comparison. There is huge potential here when converdeenergy.com goes live.
WTWO
Here is the research paper from the study.
The feasibility of converting Cannabis sativa L. oil into biodiesel
Abstract
Cannabis sativa Linn, known as industrial hemp, was utilized for biodiesel production in this study. Oil from hemp seed was converted to biodiesel through base-catalyzed transesterification. The conversion is greater than 99.5% while the product yield is 97%. Several ASTM tests for biodiesel quality were implemented on the biodiesel product, including acid number, sulfur content, flash point, kinematic viscosity, and free and total glycerin content. In addition, the biodiesel has a low cloud point (-5 °C) and kinematic viscosity (3.48 mm2/s). This may be attributed to the high content of poly-unsaturated fatty acid of hemp seed oil and its unique 3:1 ratio of linoleic to a-linolenic acid.
1. Introduction
Biodiesel is the group of monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids (called fatty acid alkyl esters) derived from renewable lipid feedstocks (Ma and Hanna, 1999 and Zhang et al., 2003). It is a clean and renewable energy alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel. Additionally, it can be used in conventional diesel engines as well as heating and power systems without modifications. There is commercial production of biodiesel from soybean oil in the US, rapeseed oil in Europe and palm tree oil in the tropical areas in Asia. A transesterification reaction is used to produce biodiesel from the renewable lipid feedstock (Ma and Hanna, 1999, Zhang et al., 2003, Demirbas, 2003 and Meher et al., 2006) by mixing with alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, during which the backbone of triglyceride is replaced with three alkyl groups of the alcohol. Catalysts for transesterification can be alkali, acid, enzyme, and heterogeneous catalysts. Since the base-catalyzed transesterification is rapid and easy to scale-up, it has been widely used in industry. Other important parameters for the transesterification reaction includes molar ratio of alcohol to oil, reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, agitation speed, and free fatty acid content. Non-catalytic transesterification through supercritical fluid technology is another promising way to produce biodiesel (Demirbas, 2003 and Deshpande et al., 2010).
One promising source for biodiesel production is the fiber crop Cannabis sativa Linn, known as industrial hemp. Industrial hemp is an annual herb and its cultivation has a low cost and a low environmental impact. Hemp seeds have high oil content, ranging from 26% to 38% ( Kriese et al., 2004). Hemp seed oil is often used as a nutrition supplement due to its high percentage of poly-unsaturated fatty acid ( Oomah et al., 2002, Matthäus and Brühl, 2008 and Latif and Anwar, 2009). In addition, hemp has another advantage as a fuel source. It has a high biomass content which can be fermented to create low carbon fuels, such as bioethanol or biobutanol. Moxley et al. has successfully recovered 96% of the glucose from the hemp’s cellulosic hurds, which allows for the recycling of this hemp fiber industry waste product ( Moxley et al., 2008). In fact, industrial hemp is one of the few plants that produce high yields of both oil and biomass, which means it can be used to produce both biodiesel and bioethanol. In order to test hemp seed oil’s feasibility as a biodiesel source, hemp seed oil was converted to biodiesel and several fuel properties were determined.
2. Methods
2.1. Materials
Fully refined hemp seed virgin oil was provided by Charkit Chemical Corp., USA. Hemp seed oil was extracted through cold pressing at mild temperature to maintain the quality of the oil. Table 1 shows the fatty acid composition of hemp seed oil provided by Charkit Chemical Corp., USA. All the chemicals used in this study were ACS grade or above.
Table 1.
Fatty acid composition of hemp seed oil (Charkit Chemical Corp., USA).
Symbol Fatty acid Hemp seed oil (wt.%)a
Saturated fatty acids 9.3–12.5
C16:0 Palmitic 6.0–8.5
C18:0 Stearic 2.5–3.0
C20:0 Arachidic 0.5–0.8
Unsaturated fatty acids 82.0–94.0
C18:1 Oleic 12.0–15.0
C18:2 Linoleic 52.0–56.0
C18:3 a-Linolenic 15.5–18.0
C18:3 ?-Linolenic 2.3–3.0
a
The exact fatty acid composition is not specified because the industrial hemp used in this study is a mixture of several subspecies, not specified by the supplier.
Table options
2.2. Preparation of hemp biodiesel
Fully refined hemp seed oil was converted to biodiesel through a typical two-step base-catalyzed transesterification reaction (Ahn et al., 1995). Methoxide solution was first prepared by dissolving 4.5 g potassium hydroxide (KOH) into 120 mL methanol. This methoxide solution was then mixed with 450 g hemp seed oil in a three-neck flask so that the oil:methanol molar ratio was 1:6 with the presence of 1 wt.% (relative to oil) KOH catalyst. The mixture was heated and stirred at 50 °C for 20 min and then allowed to settle until the completion of phase separation. The bottom layer containing byproduct glycerol and unreacted methanol was drawn out of the three-neck flask. Another 50 mL methoxide solution containing 2.3 g KOH was then added and the stirrer started to permit a second transesterification reaction to take place for 10 min at 50 °C. After the completion of the two-step base-catalyzed transesterification reaction, excess reactants, catalysts and the byproduct in the fuel product were removed by gently rinsing with distilled water. The moisturized fuel product was dried by air bubbling. The dried fuel product was then tested.
2.3. Quality determination methods
The free and total glycerin content, acid number, sulfur content, flash point, and kinematic viscosity were determined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods (ASTM D6751-09). The density of hemp oil and biodiesel were tested by a pycnometer at 15 °C. The cloud point of the hemp oil and biodiesel were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The cloud point was also tested by a polarized light microscope (PLM) (Coutinho and Daridon, 2005). Test methods are listed in Table 2.
Table 2.
Summary of test methods used for quality determination of hemp biodiesel.
Physical and chemical properties Test methods
Free glycerin (% mass) ASTM D6584-08
Total glycerin (% mass) ASTM D6584-08
Flash point (°C) ASTM D93-10
Kinematic viscosity, 40 °C (mm2/s) ASTM D445-09
Acid number (mg KOH/g oil) ASTM D664-09
Cloud point DSC & PLM
Sulfur content ASTM D4294-08a
Density, 15 °C (kg/m3) Pycnometer
Table options
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Transesterification of hemp seed oil
Previous studies have shown that a single-pass transesterification reaction achieves conversions between 85% and 95% due to the reversibility of the reaction (Noureddini and Zhu, 1997). Therefore, to obtain high conversion, the byproduct glycerol is removed after the reaction is run once, and the reaction run a second time. The separation of glycerol occurs because glycerol is nearly immiscible with the oil phase. Therefore, the reaction mixture was allowed to settle for about 10 min after the first reaction period, and the reaction mixture phase separated into two layers. The dense, bottom layer was glycerol and the light top layer was biodiesel and unreacted hemp oil. Unreacted methanol and potassium hydroxide catalyst partitioned between the oil and glycerol phases. Since a portion of the methoxide was removed with the glycerol phase, another 50 mL of methoxide solution containing 2.3 g KOH was added before the second transesterification to assure a high conversion yield. The molar ratio of methanol:oil used for the second run was estimated as 40:1 and the catalyst concentration was estimated to be 5 wt.%. The estimations were based on two assumptions: a 90% conversion was achieved after the first reaction and half of unreacted methanol was removed with the glycerol phase. It should be noted that the purpose of this study was to obtain a high conversion of hemp seed oil to biodiesel; therefore, the conditions used for the transesterification reaction may not be optimal.
The product recovery yield (mass ratio of actual recovered biodiesel to the theoretical amount of hemp biodiesel) was calculated to be 97% after washing and drying the biodiesel product. The high product recovery yield indicated that product loss due to saponification was minor. Pictures of hemp oil and hemp biodiesel are shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Dark green liquid at the left hand side is hemp seed oil while the light green liquid at the right hand side is hemp biodiesel. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Figure options
3.2. Physical and chemical properties of refined hemp oil and hemp biodiesel
All tested biodiesel properties are listed in Table 3. ASTM specifications are also listed as well as several properties of the hemp seed oil feedstock. The free and total glycerin content was tested by gas chromatography (ASTM D6584-08). The free glycerin indicates how well the biodiesel product was cleaned of residual glycerin. The total glycerin is the sum of the free glycerin and bound glycerin, and the bound glycerin indicates the level of incompletely converted feedstock. The total glycerin content was 0.1 wt.% and the free glycerin content was less than 0.005 wt.%, well within ASTM specifications and suitable for further physical and chemical quality analysis.
a
According to EN14214.
b
For grade S15.
Table options
Flash point is a fuel property related to safety issues surrounding fuel handling and storage, and is indicative of unreacted alcohol remaining in the finished fuel. The flash points of hemp oil and biodiesel were 232 and 162 °C, respectively. While not surprising that the flash point of hemp oil is higher than the biodiesel, the flash point of the biodiesel is 32 °C higher than the ASTM specification.
The sulfur content of fuels is associated with emissions of sulfur. Unlike Brassicaceae family, industrial hemp is not a plant that contains high sulfur. The sulfur content of hemp oil is only 1.6 ppm and the sulfur content of the biodiesel is only 0.4 ppm, well under the 15 ppm sulfur specification. The kinematic viscosity is important for proper transport of fuel from tank to engine. The kinematic viscosity of biodiesel is higher than that of petro-diesel in general. Thus, biodiesel is more affected by use in high latitude areas. The kinematic viscosity of the hemp biodiesel at 40 °C was 3.48 mm2/s, which is well within the ASTM specification. If the acid number is too high, excessive engine corrosion occurs. The total acid number reported is well below the ASTM specification. The densities of hemp seed oil and biodiesel are 918 and 884 kg/m3, respectively, which are in the range of typical vegetable oils and biodiesel. More general discussions of the biodiesel properties can be found elsewhere (Knothe et al., 2005).
4. Conclusions
Industrial hemp seeds’ high seed yield and high oil content makes it a potentially new crop source for biodiesel production. It has been shown that hemp virgin oil can be converted into hemp biodiesel with a high product yield. Furthermore, hemp biodiesel meets the standards for biodiesel fuel set by ASTM 6751-09. The distinct properties of hemp biodiesel are its low cloud point and low kinematic viscosity. These promising cold flow properties make hemp biodiesel attractive and competitive.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a fellowship to S.-Y. Li from the Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut. Refined hemp seed oil was a gift from Charkit Chemical Corp. PLM images were taken by Dr. Virgil Solomon at the Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Materials Science, at the University of Connecticu
Title:The feasibility of converting Cannabis sativa L. oil into biodiesel
References:
Author:Si-Yu Li,James D. Stuart,Yi Li,Richard S. Parnas
Publication: Bioresource Technology
Publisher: Elsevier
(This is a sample from the paper and is not the complete paper)
I was trying to find the relationship between the "marijuana play" and Converde energy today and found some interesting information.
First I contacted WIPO which is the World Intellectual Property Organization and they verified that they are processing the patent PCT/CA2014/000469 which is “METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS USING BIO-OILS" which has been submitted by Converde Energy and even mentioned in their previous PR. http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news?id=87525
How does this relate to marijuana?
"Of all the various uses for Cannabis plants, add another, “green” one to the mix.Researchers at UConn have found that the fiber crop Cannabis sativa, known as industrial hemp, has properties that make it viable and even attractive as a raw material, or feedstock, for producing biodiesel – sustainable diesel fuel made from renewable plant sources.
The plant’s ability to grow in infertile soils also reduces the need to grow it on primary croplands, which can then be reserved for growing food, says Richard Parnas, a professor of chemical, materials, and biomolecular engineering who led the study.
http://phys.org/news205599757.html#jCp
This has breakout potential all over it. I have followed WTWO since February and really feel that it is finally going to hit pennies on this one.
Good luck to all.
When the new website converdeenergy.com is live it's go-time. WTWO
WTWO seems to have formed a pretty solid base in the .0005-.0007 range. This run is similar to the last when it ran to .0017. Solid news could send it a lot farther this time.
Total Revenue: US$1 Million - US$2.5 Million
Liquid Fuel,Biodiesel,Plasma Gasifier,Rotary Steam Engine,Algae B
Western Europe, Eastern Asia, Mid East, Oceania, Africa
http://ca100848690.fm.alibaba.com/
SteamRay
SteamRay
Min. Order: 1 Unit
FOB Price: US $ 7500 - 75000 / Unit
WTWO
WTWO just upgraded to STRONG BUY by Barchart
http://www.barchart.com/quotes/stocks/WTWO
WTWO end of day run coming
New Patents, New Website, There's a lot to be excited about here. Looks like WTWO is ready for another breakout! Go Converde Energy!
-->>www.converdeenergy.com/<<--Launching Soon
$WTWO DD Notes ~ http://www.ddnotesmaker.com/WTWO
$WTWO recent news/filings
## source: finance.yahoo.com
Wed, 24 Sep 2014 17:04:11 GMT ~ W2 ENERGY INC Financials
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=wtwo
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Mon, 15 Sep 2014 15:08:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy, Inc. Changes Name to Converde Energy USA Inc.
[Accesswire] - Corporate Rebranding Strategy Continues CAMBRIDGE, ON / ACCESSWIRE / September 15, 2014 / W2 Energy, Inc. (OTC Pink: WTWO) (PINKSHEETS: WTWO) (the "Company"), is pleased to announce as part of ...
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-inc-changes-name-150800890.html
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Mon, 08 Sep 2014 20:58:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy, Inc. Applies for U.S. and International Patents for its Latest Technology
[Accesswire] - CAMBRIDGE, ON / ACCESSWIRE / W2 Energy, Inc. (OTC: WTWO) (the "Company") is pleased to announce it has made application with US Patent #61/829,460 and International Patent #PCT/CA2014/000469 ...
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-inc-applies-u-205800139.html
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Thu, 26 Jun 2014 12:15:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy, Inc. Releases Shareholder Update
[Marketwired] - W2 Energy, Inc. is pleased to give a shareholder update on new corporate developments and its company progress.
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-inc-releases-shareholder-121500575.html
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Wed, 30 Apr 2014 15:45:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy Shareholder Update
[Marketwired] - W2 Energy, Inc. is pleased to report on its progress.
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-shareholder-154500873.html
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$WTWO charts
basic chart ## source: stockcharts.com
basic chart ## source: stockscores.com
big daily chart ## source: stockcharts.com
big weekly chart ## source: stockcharts.com
$WTWO company information
## source: otcmarkets.com
Link: http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/company-info
Ticker: $WTWO
OTC Market Place: OTC Pink Current
CIK code: 0001366430
Company name: W2 Energy, Inc.
Company website: http://www.w2energy.com
Incorporated In: NV, USA
Business Description: W2 Energy Inc. develops renewable energy technologies and applies it to new generation power systems. Specifically, W2 Energy's plasma assisted biomass to energy plants utilize state of the art technologies to produce green energy both fuel (sulfur free diesel) and electricity at the most efficient cost in capital investment and production per/barrel, per/Megawatt. W2 Energy Inc. has seasoned management, cutting edge technology and owns a large technology portfolio of patents and know-how that has been extensively validated and ready for commercial production.Less >>
$WTWO share structure
## source: otcmarkets.com
Market Value: $1,056,198 a/o Oct 07, 2014
Shares Outstanding: 2,112,396,751 a/o Jun 30, 2014
Float: 1,442,609,505 a/o Apr 29, 2014
Authorized Shares: 5,000,000,000 a/o Jun 30, 2014
Par Value: 0.001
$WTWO extra dd links
Company name: W2 Energy, Inc.
Company website: http://www.w2energy.com
## STOCK DETAILS ##
After Hours Quote (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/after-hours
Option Chain (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/option-chain
Historical Prices (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=WTWO+Historical+Prices
Company Profile (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/pr?s=WTWO+Profile
Industry (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/in?s=WTWO+Industry
## COMPANY NEWS ##
Market Stream (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/stream
Latest news (otcmarkets.com): http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/news - http://finance.yahoo.com/q/h?s=WTWO+Headlines
## STOCK ANALYSIS ##
Analyst Research (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/analyst-research
Guru Analysis (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/guru-analysis
Stock Report (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/stock-report
Competitors (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/competitors
Stock Consultant (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/stock-consultant
Stock Comparison (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/stock-comparison
Investopedia (investopedia.com): http://www.investopedia.com/markets/stocks/WTWO/?wa=0
Research Reports (otcmarkets.com): http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/research
Basic Tech. Analysis (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ta?s=WTWO+Basic+Tech.+Analysis
Barchart (barchart.com): http://www.barchart.com/quotes/stocks/WTWO
DTCC (dtcc.com): http://search2.dtcc.com/?q=W2+Energy%2C+Inc.&x=10&y=8&sp_p=all&sp_f=ISO-8859-1
Spoke company information (spoke.com): http://www.spoke.com/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=W2+Energy%2C+Inc.
Corporation WIKI (corporationwiki.com): http://www.corporationwiki.com/search/results?term=W2+Energy%2C+Inc.&x=0&y=0
WHOIS (domaintools.com): http://whois.domaintools.com/http://www.w2energy.com
Alexa (alexa.com): http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/http://www.w2energy.com#
Corporate website internet archive (archive.org): http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.w2energy.com
## FUNDAMENTALS ##
Call Transcripts (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/call-transcripts
Annual Report (companyspotlight.com): http://www.companyspotlight.com/library/companies/keyword/WTWO
Income Statement (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/financials?query=income-statement
Revenue/EPS (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/revenue-eps
SEC Filings (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/sec-filings
Edgar filings (sec.gov): http://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001366430&owner=exclude&count=40
Latest filings (otcmarkets.com): http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/filings
Latest financials (otcmarkets.com): http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/financials
Short Interest (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/short-interest
Dividend History (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/dividend-history
RegSho (regsho.com): http://www.regsho.com/tools/symbol_stats.php?sym=WTWO&search=search
OTC Short Report (otcshortreport.com): http://otcshortreport.com/index.php?index=WTWO
Short Sales (otcmarkets.com): http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/short-sales
Key Statistics (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=WTWO+Key+Statistics
Insider Roster (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ir?s=WTWO+Insider+Roster
Income Statement (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=WTWO
Balance Sheet (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/bs?s=WTWO
Cash Flow (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/cf?s=WTWO+Cash+Flow&annual
## HOLDINGS ##
Major holdings (cnbc.com): http://data.cnbc.com/quotes/WTWO/tab/8.1
Insider transactions (yahoo.com): http://finance.yahoo.com/q/it?s=WTWO+Insider+Transactions
Insider transactions (secform4.com): http://www.secform4.com/insider-trading/WTWO.htm
Insider transactions (insidercrow.com): http://www.insidercow.com/history/company.jsp?company=WTWO
Ownership Summary (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/ownership-summary
Institutional Holdings (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/institutional-holdings
Insiders (SEC Form 4) (nasdaq.com): http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/WTWO/insider-trades
Insider Disclosure (otcmarkets.com): http://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/WTWO/insider-transactions
## SOCIAL MEDIA AND OTHER VARIOUS SOURCES ##
PST (pennystocktweets.com): http://www.pennystocktweets.com/stocks/profile/WTWO
Market Watch (marketwatch.com): http://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/WTWO
Bloomberg (bloomberg.com): http://www.bloomberg.com/quote/WTWO:US
Morningstar (morningstar.com): http://quotes.morningstar.com/stock/s?t=WTWO
Bussinessweek (businessweek.com): http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/snapshot/snapshot_article.asp?ticker=WTWO
$WTWO DD Notes ~ http://www.ddnotesmaker.com/WTWO
$WTWO $WTWO recent news/filings
## source: finance.yahoo.com
Mon, 08 Sep 2014 20:58:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy, Inc. Applies for U.S. and International Patents for its Latest Technology
[Accesswire] - CAMBRIDGE, ON / ACCESSWIRE / W2 Energy, Inc. (OTC: WTWO) (the "Company") is pleased to announce it has made application with US Patent #61/829,460 and International Patent #PCT/CA2014/000469 ...
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-inc-applies-u-205800139.html
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Sat, 28 Jun 2014 17:04:19 GMT ~ W2 ENERGY INC Financials
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=wtwo
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Thu, 26 Jun 2014 12:15:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy, Inc. Releases Shareholder Update
[Marketwired] - W2 Energy, Inc. is pleased to give a shareholder update on new corporate developments and its company progress.
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-inc-releases-shareholder-121500575.html
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Wed, 30 Apr 2014 15:45:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy Shareholder Update
[Marketwired] - W2 Energy, Inc. is pleased to report on its progress.
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-shareholder-154500873.html
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Thu, 24 Apr 2014 14:05:00 GMT ~ W2 Energy Begins Biofuel Production
[Marketwired] - W2 Energy, Inc. is pleased to report our biofuel plant installation is beginning production at our Cambridge facility.
read full: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/w2-energy-begins-biofuel-production-140500760.html
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$WTWO DD Notes ~ http://www.ddnotesmaker.com/WTWO