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SX, Nice find
Basic Energy Sciences/Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
October 7, 2014
Washington, D.C.
There is a need for high efficiency temperature stable red LED, which would lead to efficient green (needed as well). RGB+ lighting is really the path to 250 lm/W warm white light since phosphors and down converters will always have Stokes loss. Down converters work if you have no other option, but if you can create photons you want directly at colors you want, you will have better efficiency. Also, RGBA (red, green, blue, amber) direct emitters give the additional functionality of color tunability. If you can get to 250 lm/W you can really compete with fluorescents and can make incandescent replacement lamps even cheaper because there can be less thermal management.
Jennifer Hollingsworth, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Next-Generation Giant Quantum Dots: Solving the Solid-State Performance Conundrum
Our work is BES funded, but it is ‘use inspired’ science with a focus on SSL. We are working on giant QDs (g-QDs) that have diameters of 15-20 nm which is much larger than traditional quantum dots. The structure of the g-QDs, a small core with a thick outer shell, gives novel functionality. Emission occurs exclusively from the core, and absorption occurs from the “antenna” shell which results in large effective Stokes shift and minimal self-reabsorption. The g-QDs do not photobleach, are non-blinking, resist saturation at high flux densities (i.e. non-radiative processes such as Auger recombination are suppressed, and efficient emission results from charged and multiexciton states), and emission is largely independent of surface ligands. The shell thickness is why the QDs are called “giant”, but we found that core size is also very important particularly with respect to blinking. Core size and shell thickness are together ‘tuning parameters’ for either high or low biexciton emission efficiencies coupled with suppressed blinking.
We found that g-QDs outperform standard QDs in direct-injection devices; with EQE greater than 10x higher, luminance more than 1000x the standard (2000 Cd/m2), and down-conversion efficiencies of up to 88%. A new automated reactor system is being employed to help meet the “scale-up” challenge for these nanomaterials. Computer controlled synthesis allows for automated precursor delivery, material sampling, and in-situ diagnostics. The system also facilitates quasi-combinatorial materials exploration which will help us more rapidly discover new g-QDs, assess and address temperature quenching, and evaluate their reproducibility and suitability for subsequent scale up.
Jeffrey Pietryga, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Nanoscale Engineering of Quantum Dots for SSL: QD Phosphors and LEDs
BES is interested in the fundamental interactions between light and QDs. Several advantages motivate the use of QDs as down-converting phosphors including bright photoluminescence, selectable energy and bandwidth over the whole visible spectrum, low cost and scalable manufacturing, and the elimination of “critical” rare earth elements. However development is still needed to retain efficiency at elevated operating temperatures, to achieve longer lifetimes, and retain full compatibility with compositing techniques. For example, silicone is a particular favorite matrix material used to apply down-converters to LEDs, but silicones formulated with a platinum catalyst can be deleterious over time due to complex interactions with QDs. We need to co-develop QDs and the matrix material.
In an alternative application (a solar photo concentrator), we have found a new way to embed QDs in plexiglass (PMMA) while maintaining 95% quantum yield for a solar window.
Another interesting approach is to use QDs as the active region in the LED. For QD-LEDs, advantages include potential efficiency gains and reducing costs at large scale, but brightness must be enhanced (through higher efficiency and less droop) and lifetimes improved. Charged QDs produce Auger losses, not because of high carrier density, but because the charge is imbalanced (causing spontaneous electron injection).
There is the potential for cadmium free QDs, and that is important. One option is a copper indium sulfide core with a zinc sulfide shell (CuInS2/ZnS). Retaining QD performance in a practical application and achieving a technologically relevant lifetime will require “hardening” of the QDs using chemical and heat treatment without sacrificing PL efficiency. Co-development of the matrix material and QDs will also be important. Bright long-lived operation at desired color point will require further engineering of reduced Auger charge-resistant QDs, use of advanced spectroscopy to analyze long term failure modes, and reduced organic content (likely to enhance stability). Additionally, reduced use of vacuum processing steps will minimize cost and scalability problems.
Vladamir Bulovic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
UV-Vis-IR Quantum Dots for SSL
QDs span the visible spectrum, and within the visible spectrum QDs are close to meeting the MYPP’s 2020 goal of less than 30 nm full width half maximum (FWHM) (Task A.1.3). QDs used in enhanced LCDs have a FWHM of 50nm, and can get down to 25nm with careful synthesis. These phosphors are only one millimeter away from the backlighting LEDs in the TV and reach temperatures of 70°C. QD synthesis can be scaled economically, but managing waste is important. With a single-step synthesis process, CdSe/CdS QDs are estimated to cost around $61/gm or $4/m2 compared to Ir(ppy)2, the emitter material used in OLEDs which costs $658/gm. A state of the art EL QD-LED with a brightness of 10,000 cd/m2 at 5 volts has an EQE of 18% and an IQE of about 90%, which is satisfactory. Beyond the visible spectrum there are infrared LED applications such as telecommunications, bio sensing and spectroscopy, bio-medical imaging, and military technologies. Other applications include sleep, food heating, UV water treatment/pasteurization, phototherapy (e.g. treating neonatal jaundice with blue light), and UV curing.
Jim Murphy, GE Research
Narrow-band Phosphors for SSL
There is a tradeoff between efficacy and CRI. It has been well-known since the 1960’s that narrower line-emission enables higher efficacy for the same CRI. This effect is stronger for red spectral regions compared to green or blue because the human visual response falls off rapidly in the deep red. Typical red phosphor material has a QE greater than 90%, but because the FWHM is > 90 nm, a large portion of the spectral emission is at wavelengths greater than 650 nm, which is beyond the eye response, leading to efficacy losses.
There are currently two possible routes for achieving narrow band phosphor red-line emission, QDs and manganese (Mn4+) fluoride based phosphors. For other colors, only QDs currently meet spectral and absorption requirements. The need for new line emitting LED phosphors requires core or basic science programs. Typical RE3+ activators have low absorption and require sensitization. Transition metal activators except Mn4+ do not meet spectral requirements. Both sets of line emitters based on these activators have slow decay times which lead to intensity saturation. Another challenge is that once you have identified a new material, reliability is not well standardized and difficult to assess. Some understanding exists regarding photo-oxidative processes and hydrolysis, but there is less understanding regarding the relationship between defects, processing, and performance. For instance a small parameter change in these areas can cause huge changes in products at 50,000 hours. Phosphor reliability is tested at 85°C/85% humidity for 150 hours. By working on reliability, the high temperature, high humidity performance can be improved. Different phosphors are currently used for high and mid power LEDs. Reliability improvements would allow for a broader phosphor portfolio in mid power devices.
http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/12/f19/2014_BES-EERE_roundtables_1.pdf
QDX tm
Looking Forward
Good Stuff
CFQDs
Looking Forward
daily chart: sar flip today and mayhap if current trend of 50MA continues a golden cross w/in 2wks.....we'll see
QDX tm
Looking Forward
OK, you said "We", which includes you, but I did extend the courtesy of trying to explain some of my reasoning and what it was based on......and you didn't help anyone that I know of, unless you had a chuckle at my expense
parse: analyze (a sentence) into its parts and describe their syntactic roles.
deny: state that one refuses to admit the truth or existence of.
ignore: fail to consider (something significant).
This press release was about "deep-red" "film" for lighting in "plant growth applications."
__________________________________________________________________
#40378
"salient point wrt Red CFQDs".....meaning if not up to acceptable standards, (having already taken into consideration earlier 1kg
milestone of red qds, but where are the tvs. Dow was to build S Korea based upon demand; not there yet).
I drew attention to QMC's qds and QDX tm (heat resistance to 260 C) and questioned nanoco's sp drop.
You replied #40479 with words of parse, deny, and ignore and go on to say;
"This press release was about "deep-red" "film" for lighting in "plant growth applications."
......implication being to me, that I was creating a false narrative. If you meant otherwise, I'm all ears.
__________________________________________________________________
I responded w/background info on the basis of perception wrt to "salient point wrt Red CFQDs" and question of cause of nanoco sp drop.
#40399 information from nanoco pdf page 11
On Chip
QD Integration: QDs placed directly within LED package, which is coupled to light guide
Operation temp: High 150 C
Material Useage: Low
Pros/Cons: most efficient approach; need to withstand high temps: need a cost efficient way of sealing against oxygen
.........that sounded like QDX tm meets or surpasses stated needs
I also highlighted the article form July 16
Nanoco Forms New Lighting Division to Answer Growing Demand for Cadmium-Free Quantum Dot Innovations
The new division is part of the company’s business expansion strategy to accelerate commercialization and further development in its four key target markets – electronic display, LED lighting, biological imaging and solar power
...../and the one from July 31, (after sh requested an update explaining sp drop)
Nanoco making “very significant progress” in display industry, investors reiterate ‘strong buy’ rating
By Wan Fan | July 31, 2015 07:58 GMT | London/Europe
Published on Thursday, the progress report said that Nanoco was making “significant progress” in the display industry. The company also confirmed that it supplies 11 displays OEMs with its quantum dots for large screen televisions and tablets. It works with LG, the multinational electronics company, and other firms in South Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan and the US.
Nanoco’s stock price is still recovering from the news that US rival, Nanosys, entered an agreement with Samsung, the global
electronics firm. Investors were particularly concerned that the Nanosys-Samsung deal would include patents for cadmium-free quantum dots, Nanoco’s area of expertise.
http://newmaterialsnews.com/top-stories/nanoco-making-very-significant-progress-in-display-industry-investors-reiterate-strong-buy-rating
I pointed out that from the article on the 16th that they planned to use the deep-color red cfqds in electronics displays or continue to work on making significant progress.
The reasoning had to do w/nanoco's metric of 150 C referenced in their pdf, (as that may be the one mfgs would prefer if available).
Your response #40401 "Sadly, but not surprisingly, you weren't able to follow the post."
LOL, that's your best response as an intellectual that works in the field?? No information to support your opinion or to help other board members here? Really?
....apt avatar
.......Moving On
Quantum Materials Corp (OTCQB:QTMM) today announced it has begun shipping Cadmium-free red and green quantum dots in evaluation and production quantities to select leading consumer electronics manufacturers
First production units of deep-red CFQD quantum dot film will be available by September 2015, volume production will start within Q4 2015
01 Apr 2011
01/04/2011 Manchester
Nanoco Group plc (AIM: NANO), a world leader in the development and manufacture of cadmium-free quantum dots, announces that it has successfully produced the 1kg batch of red cadmium-free quantum dots (CFQD™)
Nanoco was founded in 2001 and is based in Manchester, UK. Nanoco began trading on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange in May 2009 under the ticker symbol NANO.
http://www.nanocotechnologies.com/media/press-releases/nanoco-achieves-us2m-milestone-red-quantum-dots
CFQD® quantum dot films | Nanoco Technologies
www.nanocotechnologies.com/.../cfqd-quantum-d...
Nanoco Technologies
Deep-Red CFQD®Quantum Dot Film Model QDF-650 Background: ... 480µm typical. Operating temperature range. -20C to +50C. Storage temperature range.
https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=nanoco+cfqd+operating+temperature
CFQD® quantum dots contain main group elements & indium, an EC recognised critical material
•Indium is not RoHS restricted
Three potential strategies to integrate quantum dots into conventional LCD BLUs:
[1] A) “on-chip” B) “on-edge” C) “on-surface”
pg 11
Integration Strategies for QD into Displays
...good information
pg 19
Hofler and E. Lee, SID 2012 Digest, 2012, 895 [2] R=628/30, G:528/32; measured from commercially available QD TV [3] R=640/55, G=537/43
DCI-P3 OVERLAP RELATIVE BRIGHTNESS
NANOSYS[1] 98 % 112 %
QD VISION[2] 95 % 109 %
NANOCO[3] 98 % 100 %
Cadmium-Free Quantum Dotsfor Display and Lighting Technologies
http://rohs.exemptions.oeko.info/fileadmin/user_upload/RoHS_IX/Nanoco_and_Dow_RoHS_Stakeholder_Meeting_Presentation_13_12_13_final.pdf
Sep 25, 2014
This is a particularly exciting time for our company because we’re in numerous customer trials with the aim to bring quantum-dot
displays to store shelves, something we should be able to make happen in short order given our exclusive licensing agreement with
the Dow Chemical Company.
http://electronicdesign.com/displays/qa-cadmium-free-quantum-dots-offer-low-risk-benefits-true-color
Nanoco/Dow...TREVISTA™ Quantum Dots
http://www.dowelectronicmaterials.com/products/display_materials/trevista-quantum-dots.htm
"We're delighted by the pace of progress towards the commercialisation of our cadmium-free quantum dot technology in the display market. Our worldwide licensing partner Dow expects to begin production in mid-2015 at the world's first large-scale production plant for cadmium-free quantum dots. LG Electronics is moving closer to the commercial launch of the LG Ultra HD ColourPrime TV range unveiled earlier this year, which will mark the first consumer electronics products to incorporate Nanoco technology.
http://www.nanocotechnologies.com/regulatory_news_article/1913
......the deep color red qds are for Sept 2015,.....temp range -40 to 50 C which is -4- to 122 F yes that sounds like a range
for organics, but maybe not so much for tech which requires tolerance 150C and above. I like to think of QDX tm which has a tolerance
of 260 C, (500 F). Again could the difference in heat tolerance and the perception thereof be having an impact on Nanoco's sp?
Nanoco making “very significant progress” in display industry, investors reiterate ‘strong buy’ rating
By Wan Fan | July 31, 2015 07:58 GMT | London/Europe
Published on Thursday, the progress report said that Nanoco was making “significant progress” in the display industry. The company also confirmed that it supplies 11 displays OEMs with its quantum dots for large screen televisions and tablets. It works with LG, the multinational electronics company, and other firms in South Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan and the US.
Nanoco’s stock price is still recovering from the news that US rival, Nanosys, entered an agreement with Samsung, the global
electronics firm. Investors were particularly concerned that the Nanosys-Samsung deal would include patents for cadmium-free quantum dots, Nanoco’s area of expertise.
http://newmaterialsnews.com/top-stories/nanoco-making-very-significant-progress-in-display-industry-investors-reiterate-strong-buy-rating
......."making significant progress" on July 31, yet announce a new Division w/Deep Red CFQD on July 16th w/temp specs of
-40 to 50 C (-40 to 122 deg F) ???
Nanoco Forms New Lighting Division to Answer Growing Demand for Cadmium-Free Quantum Dot Innovations
The new division is part of the company’s business expansion strategy to accelerate commercialization and further development in its four key target markets – electronic display, LED lighting, biological imaging and solar power
http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/16/ma-nanoco-group-plc-idUSnBw165185a+100+BSW20150716
......obviously they intend to use the Deep-Red CFQD® for their Displays too, unless they're working on "making significant progress"
Hence, (w/a peak temp of less than 150 C) the question wrt Nanoco's sp.
Of course I doubt it helped w/Nanoco taking so long to acknowledge that another could produce CFQDs and then claim,
"Nanoco’s stock price is still recovering from the news that US rival, Nanosys, entered an agreement with Samsung, the global
electronics firm. Investors were particularly concerned that the Nanosys-Samsung deal would include patents for cadmium-free quantum dots, Nanoco’s area of expertise." for the reason of their sp drop, (that doesn't even take into account QMC ability and QDX tm tolerance"
So yes I think Sunny had a salient point and yes I think my question was valid.
Kudos to Nanoco for applying their Deep-Color Red CFQD to growing things enhancing sh value.
I included some info on QDV and Nanosys for reference
__________________________________________________________
Quantum Dot Vision.......product Color IQ tm .....Tube
CTO Seth Coe-Sullivan
Professor Moungi Bawendi, PhD Scientific Advisor
Professor Vladimir Bulovic', PhD Founder and Scientific Advisor
TVs Philips TCL Hisense
Monitor MMD/Philips
http://www.qdvision.com/content1674
http://www.qdvision.com/about
Indium-based quantum dot technology will “require a new assessment” as well.
http://www.qdvision.com/content1672
QD Vision strives to design and ship products that are compliant with international chemical and environmental regulations. As a maker of optical components that contain novel chemicals, we proactively research and address certain regulations that are of particular relevance to our products or our customers’ products. For example, our display and lighting component products are compliant with TSCA in the US, RoHS and REACH in the EU, and similar regulations of which we are aware in Japan, Taiwan, South Korea and China. Our products can also be disposed of without special requirements in all of the mentioned jurisdictions.
QD Vision is designing its materials and technology solutions to provide for a safer and greener environment. In recognition of its efforts to promote a clean environment, QD Vision in 2009 was an AlwaysOn Going Green 50 winner and was named the Emerging Clean Energy Company of the Year by the Massachusetts Clean Energy Council.
http://www.qdvision.com/rohs-compliance
8. Does Color IQ contain Cadmium?
Yes, Color IQ contains an extremely small quantity of the element Cadmium. The Cadmium is securely sealed within a hardened resin and encased in glass inside the body of the television. Customers therefore do not have potential exposure to cadmium.
9. How much Cadmium is in my TV?
Color IQ contains about a milligram (1/1000th of a gram) quantities of Cadmium. This is less than one part per million (<1 ppm) Cadmium in your TV set. To put this in perspective, the WHO (World Health Organization) considers it safe to eat the quantity of Cadmium in your TV every month. Please don’t do this, but you get the idea. The amount is very tiny.
http://www.qdvision.com/content1585
Near the backlight of a liquid-crystal display (LCD), for example, temperatures can be around 100?°C. At this temperature, the dots lose efficiency and up to half of their brightness, says QD Vision co-founder and chief technology officer Seth Coe-Sullivan. He says that the company spent a long time tuning the chemistry of its quantum dots to make them stable at higher temperatures.
the company’s quantum-dot debut in Sony LCD televisions, to be sold under the Triluminos brand name
http://www.nature.com/news/quantum-dots-go-on-display-1.12216
salient point wrt Red CFQDs
Now that we know about Nanoco; What about QMC?
______________________________________________
Quantum Materials Begins Shipping Cadmium-Free Red and Green Quantum Dots
Company accelerates development to meet display manufacturer demand as a result of management meetings at 2015 Consumer Electronics Show
SAN MARCOS, Texas, Feb. 5, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Rapidly growing North American quantum dot manufacturer Quantum Materials Corp (OTCQB:QTMM) today announced it has begun shipping Cadmium-free red and green quantum dots in evaluation and production quantities to select leading consumer electronics manufacturers. The company has increased the uniformity and enhanced stability of its Cadmium-free nanomaterials as a result of bringing previously-reported automated capital equipment, facility and personnel investments online. Quantum Materials is at the forefront of Cadmium-free quantum dot development and recently announced increasing production capacity to 2000Kg of quantum dots and nanoparticles per annum in Q2 2015.
http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/quant...31383.html
.....w/samples in hand, one has to wonder how far along companies are in achieving their goals towards commercialization
"Meetings with manufacturers at the 2015 Consumer Electronics Show (CES) spurred requests for Cadmium-free red and green quantum dots with application-specific functionality."
Could that have anything to do w/Nanoco's sp downward trend??
Time will tell.
QDX tm
Looking Forward
LOL, imagine they are.....and buying as cheap as they can : )
You know what you have
Looking Forward to that time
dshade, I remember when you first started posting.....can't say I was a fan then. Time proved you to be close to on target and you got in at .05. Congrats on that.
You've done a good job on keeping peeps posted on L2 action. I don't watch it much and appreciate you sharing your knowledge and perspective.
When you invested, you abided by your conviction and have also been supportive.....like now.
Thanks.
I marked you and hope others also mark those whom they appreciate.
QDX tm
Looking Forward
Solar Cells Could Capture Infrared Rays for More Power
By Charles Q. Choi
Posted 29 Jul 2015 | 16:00 GMT
Solar cell efficiencies could increase by 30 percent or more with new hybrid materials that make use of the infrared portion of the solar spectrum, researchers say.
Visible light accounts for under half of the solar energy that reaches Earth's surface. Nearly all of the rest comes from infrared radiation. However, solar infrared rays normally passes right through the photovoltaic materials that make up today's solar cells.
Now scientists at the University of California, Riverside, have created hybrid materials that can make use of solar infrared rays. The energy from every two infrared rays they capture is combined or “upconverted” into a higher-energy photon that is readily absorbed by photovoltaic cells, generating electricity from light that would normally be wasted.
The hybrid materials are combinations of inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals, which capture the infrared photons, and organic molecules, which help combine the energy from these photons together into an upconverted photon. In experiments, lead selenide nanocrystals captured near-infrared photons, and the organic compound rubrene emitted visible yellow-orange photons.
The researchers noted that lead selenide nanocrystals and rubrene were relatively inefficient at upconversion. However, in experiments with a hybrid material made of cadmium selenide nanocrystals and the organic compound diphenylanthracene, which absorbs green light and emits violet light, the investigators could boost upconversion up to a thousandfold by coating the nanocrystals with anthracene, a component of coal tar. This suggests that similar coatings on lead selenide nanocrystals might boost their upconversion efficiency as well.
The scientists added that the ability to upconvert two low energy photons into one, high-energy photon has potential applications in biological imaging, high-density data storage, and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). They detailed their findings online July 10 in the journal Nano Letters
http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/renewables/solar-cells-could-capture-infrared-rays-for-more-power
missed the point....that was from their msg bd and pov.
I did highlight the samples,...but didn't see trial orders; then again, they may not say anything.
If you recall my earlier post acknowledged what they were doing, (including est. production from Korea) and questioned whether they'd be able to meet all mkt requirements that they were into.
.....bounced off a new low for last several years. Will keep an eye on it.
...heard that QMC should be more like them, but mayhap QMC will be more of a supplier to all.
from Nanoco msg bd: "...stated that samples would be sent to "customers" in the current quarter (July, August, September)."
____________________________________________________
29/7/2015
15:56 Thanks for sharing that. At least they reiterated the (admittedly delayed) time line for Cheonan samples rather than there being a further delay which has come to light. bagpuss67
29/7/2015
15:35 maya2006 - Yes I contacted NANO through their website yesterday suggesting they put out a "know of no reason for share price decline" type statement as the situation was ridiculous and the placing + move to main market had not provided any support. I received a reply from a representative at Buchanan who are NANO's "PR" advisor. They basically said that the situation was frustrating but confirmed there was no operational reason for the decline. I ponder the word "operational" I wonder if there may be some other reason. The rest of the message referenced the last RNS, noted its brevity and stated that samples would be sent to "customers" in the current quarter (July, August, September). He hoped the message reassured me. It has to a degree but not enough to top-up. I might miss a big jump but I WANT news. Hope this helps some.
http://uk.advfn.com/stock-market/london/nanoco-NANO/share-chat
_____________________________________________________
...now some can get back to their narrative
QDX tm
Looking Forward
some bid sit @ .15, but alas I still have none for sale.
GL to those whom succeed
Looking Forward
LOL, QMC to the world: "Here's your sign"
QDX tm
...I think more will follow
Looking Forward
Steady Steps of Progress, (fast or slow) you know where QMC is headed
QDX tm
Looking Forward
lol,....and when it gains traction and runs, some may look at it as an overnight success
Keep on Rockin'
lol
Steady Steps Forward are a good thing
Quantum Materials Enters Joint Development Agreement with Leading Display Panel Manufacturer
Companies partner to develop next-generation
Quantum Dot-based display technologies
San Marcos, Texas -- July 28, 2015 -- Quantum Materials Corp (OTCBB: QTMM) today announced a joint development agreement (JDA) with one of the world's leading manufacturers of display panels.
The companies will be working together to develop next-generation Quantum Dot-based display technologies. Research and development teams of both organizations will be working closely together to address display application challenges and generate solutions enabled through advances in Quantum Dot technology. Terms and specifics of the agreement were not disclosed.
Quantum Materials recently obtained heat resistance to 260 degrees Celsius for their QDX™ Quantum Dots, allowing for high-temperature film application and encapsulation in resins, silicones and other polymers, opening a realm of application possibilities for design engineers.
"We are honored to enter into this agreement and value our ongoing collaboration,” said Quantum Materials Founder and CEO Stephen Squires. "Our partners engineering and design teams have proven again and again their ability to develop innovative display solutions using leading-edge technologies and then bring them successfully to market. We look forward to working with them to provide the foundation with which they are developing the displays of the future.”
http://globenewswire.com/news-release/2015/07/28/755541/10143379/en/Quantum-Materials-Enters-Joint-Development-Agreement-With-Leading-Display-Panel-Manufacturer.html
..and now #1105
Agree W/Hawk. Report several years backs said when QDs went mainstream we'd have another 50 years of innovations to look forward to.
GLTA
Looking Forward
Thanks for posting,(marked you).
Looking forward to revenues.
QDX tm
looks to be a new low for nanoco since Dec 2012
...like the sideways move of QMC. Consolidating nicely, but still need revvys/contract to run hard imo
Looking Forward
New finding could lead to cheap, efficient metal-based solar cells
Plasmonics study suggests how to maximize production of 'hot electrons'
Date:July 23, 2015
Source:Rice University
Summary:Although the domestic solar-energy industry grew by 34 percent in 2014, fundamental technical breakthroughs are needed if the U.S. is to meet its national goal of reducing the cost of solar electricity to 6 cents per kilowatt-hour. New research could make it easier for engineers to harness the power of light-capturing nanomaterials to boost the efficiency and reduce the costs of photovoltaic solar cells.
FULL STORY
New research from Rice University could make it easier for engineers to harness the power of light-capturing nanomaterials to boost the efficiency and reduce the costs of photovoltaic solar cells.
Although the domestic solar-energy industry grew by 34 percent in 2014, fundamental technical breakthroughs are needed if the U.S. is to meet its national goal of reducing the cost of solar electricity to 6 cents per kilowatt-hour.
In a study published July 13 in Nature Communications, scientists from Rice's Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP) describe a new method that solar-panel designers could use to incorporate light-capturing nanomaterials into future designs. By applying an innovative theoretical analysis to observations from a first-of-its-kind experimental setup, LANP graduate student Bob Zheng and postdoctoral research associate Alejandro Manjavacas created a methodology that solar engineers can use to determine the electricity-producing potential for any arrangement of metallic nanoparticles.
LANP researchers study light-capturing nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles that convert light into plasmons, waves of electrons that flow like a fluid across the particles' surface. For example, recent LANP plasmonic research has led to breakthroughs in color-display technology, solar-powered steam production and color sensors that mimic the eye.
"One of the interesting phenomena that occurs when you shine light on a metallic nanoparticle or nanostructure is that you can excite some subset of electrons in the metal to a much higher energy level," said Zheng, who works with LANP Director and study co-author Naomi Halas. "Scientists call these 'hot carriers' or 'hot electrons.'"
Halas, Rice's Stanley C. Moore Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and professor of chemistry, bioengineering, physics and astronomy, and materials science and nanoengineering, said hot electrons are particularly interesting for solar-energy applications because they can be used to create devices that produce direct current or to drive chemical reactions on otherwise inert metal surfaces.
Today's most efficient photovoltaic cells use a combination of semiconductors that are made from rare and expensive elements like gallium and indium. Halas said one way to lower manufacturing costs would be to incorporate high-efficiency light-gathering plasmonic nanostructures with low-cost semiconductors like metal oxides. In addition to being less expensive to make, the plasmonic nanostructures have optical properties that can be precisely controlled by modifying their shape.
"We can tune plasmonic structures to capture light across the entire solar spectrum," Halas said. "The efficiency of semiconductor-based solar cells can never be extended in this way because of the inherent optical properties of the semiconductors."
The plasmonic approach has been tried before but with little success.
Zheng said, "Plasmonic-based photovoltaics have typically had low efficiencies, and it hasn't been entirely clear whether those arose from fundamental physical limitations or from less-than-optimal designs."
He and Halas said Manjavacas, a theoretical physicist in the group of LANP researcher Peter Nordlander, conducted work in the new study that offers a fundamental insight into the underlying physics of hot-electron-production in plasmonic-based devices.
Manjavacas said, "To make use of the photon's energy, it must be absorbed rather than scattered back out. For this reason, much previous theoretical work had focused on understanding the total absorption of the plasmonic system."
He said a recent example of such work comes from a pioneering experiment by another Rice graduate student, Ali Sobhani, where the absorption was concentrated near a metal semiconductor interface.
"From this perspective, one can determine the total number of electrons produced, but it provides no way of determining how many of those electrons are actually useful, high-energy, hot electrons," Manjavacas said.
He said Zheng's data allowed a deeper analysis because his experimental setup selectively filtered high-energy hot electrons from their less-energetic counterparts. To accomplish this, Zheng created two types of plasmonic devices. Each consisted of a plasmonic gold nanowire atop a semiconducting layer of titanium dioxide. In the first setup, the gold sat directly on the semiconductor, and in the second, a thin layer of pure titanium was placed between the gold and the titanium dioxide. The first setup created a microelectronic structure called a Schottky barrier and allowed only hot electrons to pass from the gold to the semiconductor. The second setup allowed all electrons to pass.
"The experiment clearly showed that some electrons are hotter than others, and it allowed us to correlate those with certain properties of the system," Manjavacas said. "In particular, we found that hot electrons were not correlated with total absorption. They were driven by a different, plasmonic mechanism known as field-intensity enhancement."
LANP researchers and others have spent years developing techniques to bolster the field-intensity enhancement of photonic structures for single-molecule sensing and other applications. Zheng and Manjavacas said they are conducting further tests to modify their system to optimize the output of hot electrons.
Halas said, "This is an important step toward the realization of plasmonic technologies for solar photovoltaics. This research provides a route to increasing the efficiency of plasmonic hot-carrier devices and shows that they can be useful for converting sunlight into usable electricity."
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150723101008.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29
Looking Forward
if you already know it all, then disregard. I know you're seeing what you wish, but the presumption that you know what
other's needs or interests are, is over the top.
It seemed like you're saying that longs only need to buy and hold forever,......that they don't need to know what's going on.
Guess you're also implying that longs don't need to know anything about entrance/exit strategy either.
#39984 The inference was that they would have to change, (ie lack of volume)
inference: a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
It seemed clear from the volume that what they were doing wasn't working and things would change, (which they did).
...if you wish to make more of it than that, go ahead.
movin' on
at the time I posted they were playing the part of the Hammer w/both having identical bid/ask
the hammer may walk it up or down
....at the end of the day...wk ...or time period the movement may be more than a few tenths of a penny.
.....so yes, those that watch news, MMs, sp, current perceptions, I can see how may have that outlook.
...it's still an opinion and up to the individual to decide whether it has merit to them.
Regardless, peeps will still buy/sell based on their knowledge and style
Looking Forward
WOW, I thought your point was that you didn't like an observation.
really glad you got your whole point out there
....agree that it's looks primed, but news pro/con in conjuction w/perception will determine direction imo
thanks for adding your insight to that observation
LOL, liked some of what I was seeing, but guess it's obvious some don't like that ....or the messenger
Looking Forward
....as I let the slander go.
must admit, you read a lot into an observation. DK how you got a whole conversation out of that, but thanks for sharing.
blanka pm @ ihang or gmail
just an observation, but you sound a little stressed
Personally, I like the sideways movement as sp needed to cool imo.
The inference was that they would have to change, (ie lack of volume)
...expect w/news of revys sp will run like crazy
Have stated that I would post when I sell my 1st share. I stand by that.
....are you trying to shake some to buy back yourself?
Looking Forward
cdel & csti still doing their thing
Looking Forward
Cheers to Sales yet to be, LOL
Looking forward to it
think peeps will do what they do, (dk that they will change)
Sometimes the st games are flagrant, (like today)
wrt lt, I still have every share purchased.
....for me the potential has just gotton bigger.
I expect sales before eoy,(may or may not happen, we'll see).
agree w/msg,(then & now).
candle has a long tail....sp may still back to gap & consolidate before moving on.
Sunny also mentioned the savings high heat tolerance represented w/some medical procedures
Keep up the good work ; )
don't think you've heard me say that sp is suppose to be in the dollar range, but rather that I was looking forward to news of revenues and or contract(s).
You're right QMC is looking to become a supplier for multiple markets.
personally I think QMC has the potential to become great, (early posts reflect that outlook and it hasn't changed).
Some buy based on their perception of potential; others buy on perception of others. "Buy on rumor; Sell on News" comes to mind.
Regardless, traders whom view the whole mkt as a serious $$ making game will most likely sell some into a run or close to the top.
A verbal Henny Penny the sky is falling scenario (ie create doubt) can cause an overreaction, (shaking loose shares) which visually, (on charts) perpetuates the myth that the sky is actually falling....hence creating or adding to a panic.
Those that just buy/sell do so w/o trying to game other sh to move in their preferred direction for profit; they just act.
My LT outlook for the company is neither a recommendation to buy or sell; jmo based on my perceptions and DD
Looking forward to news which all desire
Congrats on your shares.
"We should do all we can to gather as much information on our competitors and the market in general as we can.
It allows one to make a better decision."
The mkt in general includes the whole qd mkt and all the companies thereof.
I look forward to your input as there are well over 1,000+ nanomaterial companies to inform us about.
When will you start?
BTW, I was informed that the science information that I posted was irrelevant, (didn't hear you say otherwise).
Question; how can so many companies be relevant when the science behind them isn't?
Some of the same sources of qd research information have started over 30 startups.
wrt to sp manipulation; I disagree, one here has stated in the past how easy it was to do. Cramer and others have stories
on how they were on the wrong side of manipulative trades in their books. Those that watch L2 also observe such action, so yeah it can and does happen.
.....and yes people do take action based on their perceptions. The DOW, Nasdaq, NYSE,...and Global mkts are a good example of that today.......ie reacting to perceptions, (based on knowledge or not) wrt Greece & China.
apples for comparasion
http://finance.yahoo.com/echarts?s=QTMM+Interactive#{"range":"1mo","allowChartStacking":true}
http://finance.yahoo.com/echarts?s=NNOCF+Interactive#{"range":"1mo","allowChartStacking":true}
....noticed CSTI/CDEL still gaming sp on the ask
Anyone know what CSTI's position was and current position is in Nanoco?
chart for the past month looks a little different
http://stockcharts.com/h-sc/ui?s=qtmm
....just an observation
.....last month Nanoco was around 110p now 87p.....dropped 5.18% today
https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=nanoco+stock+price
....when the demand is great enough; they will come
all the fear & doubt generated about how good it is for other companies reminds me that mkt & consumer awareness is growing.
QMC has been and continues to make steady steps of progress
Our time is coming
Looking Forward