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Northgate Minerals Plans Bid For Aurizon Mines
Northgate Minerals Plans Bid For Aurizon Mines
6:54am ET (Dow Jones Newswires)
DOW JONES NEWSWIRES
Northgate Minerals Corp. -
(NGX) plans a takeover offer for all
the shares of Aurizon Mines Ltd.
(AZK), on the basis of 0.741 of a Northgate
share for each Aurizon common share.
Northgate, a Vancouver gold and copper producer,
said its offer implies a price of C$3.00 a share
for Aurizon, or a premium of 30.5% over Friday's
closing price.
It said the combination will create a leading
Canadian focused, mid-tier, gold miner with a
market capitalization of more than US$1 billion,
"strong cash flow, proven operating expertise,
large resource base and exciting growth
prospects."
It said the combined company will have estimated
production for 2007 of 480,000 ounces of gold and
84 million pounds of copper from the Kemess South
mine and the Casa Berardi mines.
It will have 6.7 million ounces of proven and
probable gold reserves and 1.8 billion pounds of
proven and probable copper reserves.
Aurizon is a Vancouver gold producer.
-John Moritsugu, 416-306-2100; AskNewswires@dowjones.com
(END) Dow Jones Newswires
05-23-06 0654ET
Northgate Minerals Plans Bid For Aurizon Mines
6:54am ET (Dow Jones Newswires)
DOW JONES NEWSWIRES
Northgate Minerals Corp. -
(NGX) plans a takeover offer for all
the shares of Aurizon Mines Ltd.
(AZK), on the basis of 0.741 of a Northgate
share for each Aurizon common share.
Northgate, a Vancouver gold and copper producer,
said its offer implies a price of C$3.00 a share
for Aurizon, or a premium of 30.5% over Friday's
closing price.
It said the combination will create a leading
Canadian focused, mid-tier, gold miner with a
market capitalization of more than US$1 billion,
"strong cash flow, proven operating expertise,
large resource base and exciting growth
prospects."
It said the combined company will have estimated
production for 2007 of 480,000 ounces of gold and
84 million pounds of copper from the Kemess South
mine and the Casa Berardi mines.
It will have 6.7 million ounces of proven and
probable gold reserves and 1.8 billion pounds of
proven and probable copper reserves.
Aurizon is a Vancouver gold producer.
-John Moritsugu, 416-306-2100; AskNewswires@dowjones.com
(END) Dow Jones Newswires
05-23-06 0654ET
The Cerro Rico Is Still the Richest -
The Cerro Rico Is Still the Richest -
i was blandly told by an unemployed man -
who was scratching through the dirt with
his hands and said,
"There must be a God, you know:
the metal grows just like a plant."
Opposite the Cerro Rico rises a witness -
a mountain called Huakajchi -
meaning in - Quechua -
"the Cerro that has wept."
From its sides gush many - Springs of Pure Water -
the "water eyes" that quench the miners' thirst -
Silver - make the nature of water pure -
and healing with long term quality -
In its mid-seventeenth-century -
days of glory the city attracted many painters
and artisans, Spanish and Indian, European and
Creole masters and Indian image-carvers who
left their mark on Latin American colonial art.
Melchor Perez de Holguin,
Latin America's El Greco, left an enormous religious
work which betrays both its creator's talent and
the pagan breath of these lands:
his splendid Virgin, arms open, gives one breast to
the infant Jesus and the other to Saint Joseph;
she is hauntingly memorable.
Goldsmiths, silversmiths, and engravers,
cabi- netmakers and masters of repousse, craftsmen
in metals, fine woods, plaster, and noble ivory
adorned Potosi's many churches and monaster- ies
with works of the imaginative colonial school,
altars sparkling with silver filigree, and priceless
pulpits and reredoses.
The baroque church facades carved in stone -
have resisted the ravages of time, but not so
the paintings, many of them irreparably damaged by damp,
or the smaller figures and objects.
Tourists and parishioners have emptied the churches -
to squander the income from their Potosi mines.
When their lavish fiestas ended they threw the silver
service and even golden vessels from their balconies
to be picked up by lucky passersby.
Sucre still has an Eiffel Tower and its own -
Arcs de Triomphe, and they say that the jewels of -
its Virgin would pay off the whole of Bolivia's -
huge external debt.
The famous Church Bells - which in 1809 rang out -
joyfully for Latin America's emancipation -
play a funereal tunes to today -
soon it will change to tunes -
for the children again.
The harsh chimes of San Francisco -
which so often announced uprisings and rebellions -
toll a death knell over torpid Sucre.
It matters little that Sucre is Bolivia's -
legal capital, still the seat of its highest Court.
Through its streets pass countless pettifogging -
lawyers shriveled and yellow of skin -
surviving testimonies to its decadence -
learned doctors of the type who wear pince-nez
complete with black ribbon.
From the great empty palaces Sucre's illustrious -
patriarchs send out their servants to sell baked
tidbits down at the railroad station.
In happier times there were people here who could -
buy anything up to the title of prince.
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
The Cerro Rico Is Still the Richest -
The Cerro Rico Is Still the Richest -
i was blandly told by an unemployed man -
who was scratching through the dirt with
his hands and said,
"There must be a God, you know:
the metal grows just like a plant."
Opposite the Cerro Rico rises a witness -
a mountain called Huakajchi -
meaning in - Quechua -
"the Cerro that has wept."
From its sides gush many - Springs of Pure Water -
the "water eyes" that quench the miners' thirst -
Silver - make the nature of water pure -
and healing with long term quality -
In its mid-seventeenth-century -
days of glory the city attracted many painters
and artisans, Spanish and Indian, European and
Creole masters and Indian image-carvers who
left their mark on Latin American colonial art.
Melchor Perez de Holguin,
Latin America's El Greco, left an enormous religious
work which betrays both its creator's talent and
the pagan breath of these lands:
his splendid Virgin, arms open, gives one breast to
the infant Jesus and the other to Saint Joseph;
she is hauntingly memorable.
Goldsmiths, silversmiths, and engravers,
cabi- netmakers and masters of repousse, craftsmen
in metals, fine woods, plaster, and noble ivory
adorned Potosi's many churches and monaster- ies
with works of the imaginative colonial school,
altars sparkling with silver filigree, and priceless
pulpits and reredoses.
The baroque church facades carved in stone -
have resisted the ravages of time, but not so
the paintings, many of them irreparably damaged by damp,
or the smaller figures and objects.
Tourists and parishioners have emptied the churches -
to squander the income from their Potosi mines.
When their lavish fiestas ended they threw the silver
service and even golden vessels from their balconies
to be picked up by lucky passersby.
Sucre still has an Eiffel Tower and its own -
Arcs de Triomphe, and they say that the jewels of -
its Virgin would pay off the whole of Bolivia's -
huge external debt.
The famous Church Bells - which in 1809 rang out -
joyfully for Latin America's emancipation -
play a funereal tunes to today -
soon it will change to tunes -
for the children again.
The harsh chimes of San Francisco -
which so often announced uprisings and rebellions -
toll a death knell over torpid Sucre.
It matters little that Sucre is Bolivia's -
legal capital, still the seat of its highest Court.
Through its streets pass countless pettifogging -
lawyers shriveled and yellow of skin -
surviving testimonies to its decadence -
learned doctors of the type who wear pince-nez
complete with black ribbon.
From the great empty palaces Sucre's illustrious -
patriarchs send out their servants to sell baked
tidbits down at the railroad station.
In happier times there were people here who could -
buy anything up to the title of prince.
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
The Franklin Mining, Bolivia *** NEWS *** The Cerro Rico -
COMIBOL Approves Franklin's First -
Cerro Rico de Potosi Processing Plant -
Monday May 22, 11:02 am ET
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 22, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) -
has received a letter from COMIBOL's Technology
Department authorizing construction of an initial
1,000 ton processing plant to be located at
the Cerro Rico.
"As I announced on April 5, COMIBOL executives
have assured Franklin they will authorize our
Joint Venture -
to construct sufficient processing capacity for
a fully revitalized mining operation at
Cerro Rico de Potosi."
Franklin Mining -
CEO Jaime Melgarejo -
also said, "Last week's release of -
The San Miguel Vein's -
analysis report prompted COMIBOL's earlier than
expected approval of our first processing plant.
We've always assumed there would be a need for more
than one plant.
I'm confident the remaining three analysis reports
will confirm the need for additional processing
capacity."
When fully operational -
The Franklin Mining, Bolivia and COMIBOL Joint Venture -
will be dedicated to improving mining productivity
at the Cerro Rico and encouraging economic growth
in the surrounding communities.
COMIBOL is Bolivia's national mining company.
Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
(a Bolivian corporation) is a subsidiary of -
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
For additional information on
Franklin Mining, Inc,
please visit our web-site,
http://www.franklinmining.com.
To receive future Franklin Mining news by e-mail,
please send contact information to
info@franklinmining.com.
DISCLOSURES:
"Safe Harbor" statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: This press release contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risk and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the impact of competitive products, product demand, market acceptance risks, fluctuations in operating results, political risk and other risks detailed from time to time in Franklin Mining Inc.'s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These risks could cause Franklin Mining Inc.'s actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, Franklin Mining Inc.
To receive future company information via e-mail, please send your contact information to info@franklinmining.com.
Contact:
Contact:
Franklin Mining, Inc.
Andrew Austin
619-334-5644
info@franklinmining.com
Source: Franklin Mining, Inc.
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
The Franklin Mining, Bolivia *** NEWS *** The Cerro Rico -
COMIBOL Approves Franklin's First -
Cerro Rico de Potosi Processing Plant -
Monday May 22, 11:02 am ET
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 22, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) -
has received a letter from COMIBOL's Technology
Department authorizing construction of an initial
1,000 ton processing plant to be located at
the Cerro Rico.
"As I announced on April 5, COMIBOL executives
have assured Franklin they will authorize our
Joint Venture -
to construct sufficient processing capacity for
a fully revitalized mining operation at
Cerro Rico de Potosi."
Franklin Mining -
CEO Jaime Melgarejo -
also said, "Last week's release of -
The San Miguel Vein's -
analysis report prompted COMIBOL's earlier than
expected approval of our first processing plant.
We've always assumed there would be a need for more
than one plant.
I'm confident the remaining three analysis reports
will confirm the need for additional processing
capacity."
When fully operational -
The Franklin Mining, Bolivia and COMIBOL Joint Venture -
will be dedicated to improving mining productivity
at the Cerro Rico and encouraging economic growth
in the surrounding communities.
COMIBOL is Bolivia's national mining company.
Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
(a Bolivian corporation) is a subsidiary of -
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
For additional information on
Franklin Mining, Inc,
please visit our web-site,
http://www.franklinmining.com.
To receive future Franklin Mining news by e-mail,
please send contact information to
info@franklinmining.com.
DISCLOSURES:
"Safe Harbor" statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: This press release contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risk and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the impact of competitive products, product demand, market acceptance risks, fluctuations in operating results, political risk and other risks detailed from time to time in Franklin Mining Inc.'s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These risks could cause Franklin Mining Inc.'s actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, Franklin Mining Inc.
To receive future company information via e-mail, please send your contact information to info@franklinmining.com.
Contact:
Contact:
Franklin Mining, Inc.
Andrew Austin
619-334-5644
info@franklinmining.com
Source: Franklin Mining, Inc.
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
The Splendors Of POTOSI -
Potosi's History -
The history said that even the horses -
were shod with Silver -
in the great days of the city of
Potosi.
The Church Altars and the Wings of Cherubim -
in processions for the Corpus Christi -
celebration in 1658 -
were made of Silver -
the streets from the Cathedral -
to the Church of Recoletos -
were completely resurfaced with
- Silver Bars.
In Potosi -
Silver built temples and palaces -
monasteries and gambling dens -
it prompted tragedies and fiestas -
led to the spilling of blood and wine,
fired avarice, and unleashed
extravagance and adventure.
The sword and the cross marched together -
in the conquest and plunder of Latin America,
and captains and ascetics, knights and
evangelists, soldiers and monks came together
in Potosi to explore its silver.
Molded into cones and ingots -
the viscera of the Cerro Rico-the rich
hill-substantially fed the development of
Europe.
"Worth a Peru" -
was the highest possible praise of a person
or a thing after Pizarro took Cuzco,
but once the Cerro had been discovered
Don Quixote de la Mancha changed the words -
"Worth a Potosi" -
he says to Sancho.
This jugular vein of the viceroyalty -
America's Fountain of Silver -
had 120,000 inhabitants by the census of 1573.
Only twenty- eight years had passed since the city
sprouted out of the Andean wilderness and already,
as if by magic, it had the same population as
London and more than Seville, Madrid, Rome,
or Paris.
A new census in 1650 gave Potosi a population
of 160,000.
It was one of the world's biggest and richest cities,
ten times bigger than Boston-at a time when New York
had not even begun to call itself by that name.
Potosi's history did not begin with the Spaniards.
Before the conquest the Inca Huayna Capaj -
had heard his vassals talk of the Sumaj Orko -
the beautiful hill, and he was finally able
to see it when, having fallen ill, he had
himself taken to the thermal springs of
Tarapaya.
From the straw-hut village of Cantumarca -
the Inca's eyes contemplated for the first time
that perfect cone which rises proudly between
the mountain peaks.
He was awestruck by its reddish hues, slender form,
and giant size, as people have continued to be
through ensuing centuries.
But the Inca suspected that it must conceal
precious stones and rich metals in its bowels,
and he wanted to add new decorations to -
the Temple of the Sun in Cuzco.
The gold and silver that the Incas took -
from the mines of Colque Porco and Andacaba -
did not leave the kingdom -
they were not used commercially but for the
adoration of the gods.
Indian miners had hardly dug their flints into
the beautiful Cerro's veins of silver when a deep,
hollow voice struck them to the ground.
Emerging as loud as thunder from the depths
of the wilderness, the voice said in Quechua -
"This is not for you" -
God is keeping these riches for those who come
from afar."
The Indians fled in terror and the Inca -
before departing from the Cerro,
changed its name.
It became "Potojsi" which means to thunder,
burst, explode.
"Those who come from afar" -
took little time in coming, although Huayna Capaj
was dead by the time the captains of the conquest
made their way in.
In 1545 the Indian Huallpa -
running in pursuit of an escaped llama, had to
pass the night on the Cerro.
It was intensely cold and he lit a fire.
By its light he saw a white and shining
vein-pure silver.
The Spanish avalanche was unleashed.
Wealth flowed like water.
The Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, showed his
gratitude by bestowing on Potosi the title of
Imperial City and a shield with the inscription -
"I am rich Potosi - treasure of the world -
king of the mountains, envy of kings" -
Only eleven years after Huallpa's discovery -
the new-born Imperial City celebrated the coronation
of Philip II with twenty-four days of festivities
costing 8 million pesos duros.
The Cerro was the most potent of magnets.
Hard as life was at its base, at an altitude of
nearly 14,000 feet the place was flooded with
treasure hunters who took the bitter cold as
if it were a tax on living there.
Suddenly a rich and disorderly society burst forth
beside the silver, and Potosi became -
"The Nerve Center of the Kingdom" -
in the words of Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza.
By the beginning of the seventeenth century -
it had thirty-six magnificently decorated churches -
thirty-six gambling houses, and fourteen dance
academies.
Salons, theaters, and fiesta stage-settings had
the finest tapestries, curtains, heraldic embla-zons -
and wrought gold and silver -
multicolored damasks and cloths of gold and silver -
hung from the balconies of houses.
Silks and fabrics came from Granada, Flanders,
and Calabria -
hats from Paris and London -
diamonds from Ceylon -
precious stones from India -
pearls from Panama -
stockings from Naples -
crystal from Venice -
carpets from Persia -
perfumes from Arabia -
porcelain from China.
The ladies sparkled with diamonds -
rubies, and pearls -
the gentlemen sported the finest embroidered
fabrics from Holland.
Bullfights were followed by tilting contests,
and love and pride inspired frequent
medieval-style duels with emerald-studded,
gaudily plumed helmets, gold filigree saddles
and stirrups, Toledo swords, and richly
caparisoned Chilean ponies.
In 1579 the royal judge Matienzo complained -
"There is never a shortage of novelty -
scandal, and wantonness."
Potosi had at the time 800 professional gamblers
and 120 famous prostitutes, whose resplen- dent
salons were thronged with wealthy miners.
In 1608 Potosi cele- brated the feast of -
the Holy Sacrament with six days of plays -
and six nights of masked balls, eight days
of bullfights and three of fiestas, two of
tournaments and other dissipations.
SPAIN OWNED THE COW -
OTHERS DRANK THE MILK -
Between 1545 and 1558 the prolific Silver Mines -
of Potosf, in what is now Bolivia -
and the mercury amalgam process, which made
possible the exploitation of Silver,
began to be used.
The "Silver rush" quickly eclipsed gold mining.
In the mid-seventeenth century Silver constituted
more than 99 percent of mineral exports from
Spanish America.
Latin America was a huge mine, with Potosi -
as its chief center.
Some excessively enthusiastic Bolivian writers
insist that in three centuries Spain got enough metal
from - Potosl to make a silver bridge from the tip
of the Cerro to the door of the royal palace across
the ocean.
This is certainly fanciful, but even the reality
stretches one's imagination to the limit -
the flow of silver achieved gigantic dimensions.
The large-scale clandestine export -
of Latin American Silver -
as contraband to the Philippines, to China,
and to Spain itself is not taken into account
astounding figures based on data from
the Casa de Con- tratacion in Seville.
Between 1503 and 1660 -
185,000 kilograms of Gold -
and 16,000,000 of Silver -
arrived at - the Spanish port of -
Sanlucar de Barrameda.
Silver shipped to Spain -
in little more than a century and a half exceeded
three times the total European reserves-and -
it must be remembered that these official figures -
are not complete.
The metals taken from the new colonial dominions -
not only stimu- lated Europe's economic development -
one may say that they made it possible.
Even the effect of the Persian treasure seized and -
poured into the Hellenic world by Alexander the Great -
cannot be compared with Latin America's formidable
contribution to the progress of other re- gions.
Not, however, to that of Spain, although Spain -
owned the sources of Latin American silver.
As it used to be said in the seventeenth century,
"Spain is like a mouth that receives the food -
chews it, and passes it on to the other organs,
retaining no more than a fleeting taste of -
the particles that happen to stick in its teeth" -
The Spaniards owned the cow -
but others drank the milk.
The kingdom's creditors, mostly foreigners,
systematically emptied the "Green Strongroom"
of Seville's Casa de Contratacion,
which was supposed to guard, under three keys
in three different hands, the treasure flowing
from Latin America.
The Crown was mortgaged.
It owed nearly all of the silver shipments -
before they arrived -
to German, Genoese, Flemish, and Spanish bankers.
The same fate befell most of the duty collected
in Spain itself -
in 1543, 65 percent of all the royal revenues
went to paying annuities on debts.
Only in a minimal way did Latin American Silver -
enter the Spanish economy - although formally
registered in Seville, it ended in the hands
of the Fuggers, the powerful bankers who had
advanced to the Pope the funds needed to finish
St. Peter's -
and of other big moneylenders of the period,
such as the Welsers, the Shetzes, and
the Grimaldis.
The Silver also went to paying for the export
of non-Spanish merchandise to the New World.
The Crown kept opening up new war fronts -
while on Spanish soil the aristocracy devoted
itself to extravagance, and priests and warriors,
nobles and beggars, multiplied as dizzily as
living costs and interest rates.
Industry died with the birth of great sterile
latifundia, and Spain's sick economy could not stand
up to the impact of the rising demand for food
and merchandise that was the inevitable result
of colonial expansion.
The big rise in public expenditures and the choking
pressure of the overseas possessions' consumer needs
accelerated trade deficits and set off galloping
inflation.
Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of marine
under Louis XIV, wrote,
"The more business a state does with the Spaniards -
the more silver it has."
There was a sharp European struggle for the Spanish
trade, which brought with it the market and
the silver of Latin America.
A late-seventeenth-century French document tells us
that Spain control- led only 5 percent of the trade
with "its" overseas colonial possessions, despite
the juridical mirage of its monopoly -
almost a third of the total was in Dutch and Flemish
hands, a quarter belonged to the French, the Genoese
controlled over one-fifth, the English one-tenth,
and the Germans somewhat less.
Latin America was a European business.
Charles V, heir to the Holy Roman emperors -
by purchased election, man of jutting chin and
gaze, spent only sixteen of his reign's forty
years in Spain.
Having occupied the throne without knowing a word
of Spanish, he governed with a retinue of rapacious
Flemings whom he authorized to take out of Spain
muletrain-loads of gold and jewels, and whom he
showered with bishoprics, bureaucratic tides, and
even the first license to ship slaves to
the Latin American colonies.
Intent on hounding - satan 666 - all across Europe -
he was able by the Latin America treasure -
for his religious wars.
The Hapsburg dynasty did collapse with his death -
Spain had to suffer them for nearly two centuries.
The leader of the Counter-Reformation -
was his son, Philip II.
From his huge palace-monastery, Escorial, on
the slopes of the Sierra de Guadarrama,
Philip spread the grim operations of
the Inquisition across the world and launched
his armies against the centers of heresy.
Calvin- ism had taken hold in Holland, England,
and France, and the Turks embodied the peril of
a return to the faith of Allah.
Spreading the true faith was a costly business -
the Gold and Silver objects -
marvels of Latin American art, that arrived
unmelted-down from Bolivia were quickly
taken from the Casa de Contratacion in Seville -
and thrown into the crucibles.
At the same time heretics, or those suspected of
heresy, were roasted in the Inquisition's -
purifying flames, Torquemada burned books, and
the devil's 666 - tail peeped out from every -
crevice.
The war against Protes- tantism was also the war
against ascendant capital in Europe.
Previously, Philip II had thrown out thousands
of Flemish artisans guilty or suspected
of Protestantism.
England welcomed them and they made a solid contribution
to that country's manufactures.
It is clear that the enormous distances and the difficulty
of commu- nication were not the main obstacles to
Spain's industrial progress.
Spanish capitalists became no more than rentiers through
the purchase of titles to Crown debts, and did not
invest their capital in industrial development.
The economic surplus went into unproductive channels -
the old wealthy class, the senores of gallows and knife,
the owners of land and titles of nobility, built palaces
and accumulated jewels - the new rich, speculators
and merchants, bought land and titles.
Successive commercial treaties, signed after Spain's
military defeats in Europe, gave concessions that
stimulated maritime trade between the port of
Cadiz, where Latin America's metals were landed,
and French, English, Dutch, and Hanseatic ports.
Every year from 800 to 1,000 ships unloaded in Spain
the products of other countries' industries.
They reloaded with Latin American silver
and Spanish wool that went to foreign looms, whence
it would be returned already woven by the expanding
European industry.
History often repeat itself -
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
.
The Splendors Of POTOSI -
Potosi's History -
The history said that even the horses -
were shod with Silver -
in the great days of the city of
Potosi.
The Church Altars and the Wings of Cherubim -
in processions for the Corpus Christi -
celebration in 1658, were made of Silver -
the streets from the Cathedral -
to the Church of Recoletos -
were completely resurfaced with
- Silver Bars.
In Potosi -
Silver built temples and palaces -
monasteries and gambling dens -
it prompted tragedies and fiestas -
led to the spilling of blood and wine,
fired avarice, and unleashed
extravagance and adventure.
The sword and the cross marched together -
in the conquest and plunder of Latin America,
and captains and ascetics, knights and
evangelists, soldiers and monks came together
in Potosi to explore its silver.
Molded into cones and ingots -
the viscera of the Cerro Rico-the rich
hill-substantially fed the development of
Europe.
"Worth a Peru" -
was the highest possible praise of a person
or a thing after Pizarro took Cuzco,
but once the Cerro had been discovered
Don Quixote de la Mancha changed the words -
"Worth a Potosi" -
he says to Sancho.
This jugular vein of the viceroyalty -
America's Fountain of Silver -
had 120,000 inhabitants by the census of 1573.
Only twenty- eight years had passed since the city
sprouted out of the Andean wilderness and already,
as if by magic, it had the same population as
London and more than Seville, Madrid, Rome,
or Paris.
A new census in 1650 gave Potosi a population
of 160,000.
It was one of the world's biggest and richest cities,
ten times bigger than Boston-at a time when New York
had not even begun to call itself by that name.
Potosi's history did not begin with the Spaniards.
Before the conquest the Inca Huayna Capaj -
had heard his vassals talk of the Sumaj Orko -
the beautiful hill, and he was finally able
to see it when, having fallen ill, he had
himself taken to the thermal springs of
Tarapaya.
From the straw-hut village of Cantumarca -
the Inca's eyes contemplated for the first time
that perfect cone which rises proudly between
the mountain peaks.
He was awestruck by its reddish hues, slender form,
and giant size, as people have continued to be
through ensuing centuries.
But the Inca suspected that it must conceal
precious stones and rich metals in its bowels,
and he wanted to add new decorations to -
the Temple of the Sun in Cuzco.
The gold and silver that the Incas took -
from the mines of Colque Porco and Andacaba -
did not leave the kingdom -
they were not used commercially but for the
adoration of the gods.
Indian miners had hardly dug their flints into
the beautiful Cerro's veins of silver when a deep,
hollow voice struck them to the ground.
Emerging as loud as thunder from the depths
of the wilderness, the voice said in Quechua -
"This is not for you" -
God is keeping these riches for those who come
from afar."
The Indians fled in terror and the Inca -
before departing from the Cerro,
changed its name.
It became "Potojsi" which means to thunder,
burst, explode.
"Those who come from afar" -
took little time in coming, although Huayna Capaj
was dead by the time the captains of the conquest
made their way in.
In 1545 the Indian Huallpa -
running in pursuit of an escaped llama, had to
pass the night on the Cerro.
It was intensely cold and he lit a fire.
By its light he saw a white and shining
vein-pure silver.
The Spanish avalanche was unleashed.
Wealth flowed like water.
The Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, showed his
gratitude by bestowing on Potosi the title of
Imperial City and a shield with the inscription -
"I am rich Potosi - treasure of the world -
king of the mountains, envy of kings" -
Only eleven years after Huallpa's discovery -
the new-born Imperial City celebrated the coronation
of Philip II with twenty-four days of festivities
costing 8 million pesos duros.
The Cerro was the most potent of magnets.
Hard as life was at its base, at an altitude of
nearly 14,000 feet the place was flooded with
treasure hunters who took the bitter cold as
if it were a tax on living there.
Suddenly a rich and disorderly society burst forth
beside the silver, and Potosi became -
"The Nerve Center of the Kingdom" -
in the words of Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza.
By the beginning of the seventeenth century -
it had thirty-six magnificently decorated churches -
thirty-six gambling houses, and fourteen dance
academies.
Salons, theaters, and fiesta stage-settings had
the finest tapestries, curtains, heraldic embla-zons -
and wrought gold and silver -
multicolored damasks and cloths of gold and silver -
hung from the balconies of houses.
Silks and fabrics came from Granada, Flanders,
and Calabria -
hats from Paris and London -
diamonds from Ceylon -
precious stones from India -
pearls from Panama -
stockings from Naples -
crystal from Venice -
carpets from Persia -
perfumes from Arabia -
porcelain from China.
The ladies sparkled with diamonds -
rubies, and pearls -
the gentlemen sported the finest embroidered
fabrics from Holland.
Bullfights were followed by tilting contests,
and love and pride inspired frequent
medieval-style duels with emerald-studded,
gaudily plumed helmets, gold filigree saddles
and stirrups, Toledo swords, and richly
caparisoned Chilean ponies.
In 1579 the royal judge Matienzo complained -
"There is never a shortage of novelty -
scandal, and wantonness."
Potosi had at the time 800 professional gamblers
and 120 famous prostitutes, whose resplen- dent
salons were thronged with wealthy miners.
In 1608 Potosi cele- brated the feast of -
the Holy Sacrament with six days of plays -
and six nights of masked balls, eight days
of bullfights and three of fiestas, two of
tournaments and other dissipations.
SPAIN OWNED THE COW -
OTHERS DRANK THE MILK -
Between 1545 and 1558 the prolific Silver Mines -
of Potosf, in what is now Bolivia -
and the mercury amalgam process, which made
possible the exploitation of Silver,
began to be used.
The "Silver rush" quickly eclipsed gold mining.
In the mid-seventeenth century Silver constituted
more than 99 percent of mineral exports from
Spanish America.
Latin America was a huge mine, with Potosi -
as its chief center.
Some excessively enthusiastic Bolivian writers
insist that in three centuries Spain got enough metal
from - Potosl to make a silver bridge from the tip
of the Cerro to the door of the royal palace across
the ocean.
This is certainly fanciful, but even the reality
stretches one's imagination to the limit -
the flow of silver achieved gigantic dimensions.
The large-scale clandestine export -
of Latin American Silver -
as contraband to the Philippines, to China,
and to Spain itself is not taken into account
astounding figures based on data from
the Casa de Con- tratacion in Seville.
Between 1503 and 1660 -
185,000 kilograms of Gold -
and 16,000,000 of Silver -
arrived at - the Spanish port of -
Sanlucar de Barrameda.
Silver shipped to Spain -
in little more than a century and a half exceeded
three times the total European reserves-and -
it must be remembered that these official figures -
are not complete.
The metals taken from the new colonial dominions -
not only stimu- lated Europe's economic development -
one may say that they made it possible.
Even the effect of the Persian treasure seized and -
poured into the Hellenic world by Alexander the Great -
cannot be compared with Latin America's formidable
contribution to the progress of other re- gions.
Not, however, to that of Spain, although Spain -
owned the sources of Latin American silver.
As it used to be said in the seventeenth century,
"Spain is like a mouth that receives the food -
chews it, and passes it on to the other organs,
retaining no more than a fleeting taste of -
the particles that happen to stick in its teeth" -
The Spaniards owned the cow -
but others drank the milk.
The kingdom's creditors, mostly foreigners,
systematically emptied the "Green Strongroom"
of Seville's Casa de Contratacion,
which was supposed to guard, under three keys
in three different hands, the treasure flowing
from Latin America.
The Crown was mortgaged.
It owed nearly all of the silver shipments -
before they arrived -
to German, Genoese, Flemish, and Spanish bankers.
The same fate befell most of the duty collected
in Spain itself -
in 1543, 65 percent of all the royal revenues
went to paying annuities on debts.
Only in a minimal way did Latin American Silver -
enter the Spanish economy - although formally
registered in Seville, it ended in the hands
of the Fuggers, the powerful bankers who had
advanced to the Pope the funds needed to finish
St. Peter's -
and of other big moneylenders of the period,
such as the Welsers, the Shetzes, and
the Grimaldis.
The Silver also went to paying for the export
of non-Spanish merchandise to the New World.
The Crown kept opening up new war fronts -
while on Spanish soil the aristocracy devoted
itself to extravagance, and priests and warriors,
nobles and beggars, multiplied as dizzily as
living costs and interest rates.
Industry died with the birth of great sterile
latifundia, and Spain's sick economy could not stand
up to the impact of the rising demand for food
and merchandise that was the inevitable result
of colonial expansion.
The big rise in public expenditures and the choking
pressure of the overseas possessions' consumer needs
accelerated trade deficits and set off galloping
inflation.
Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of marine
under Louis XIV, wrote,
"The more business a state does with the Spaniards -
the more silver it has."
There was a sharp European struggle for the Spanish
trade, which brought with it the market and
the silver of Latin America.
A late-seventeenth-century French document tells us
that Spain control- led only 5 percent of the trade
with "its" overseas colonial possessions, despite
the juridical mirage of its monopoly -
almost a third of the total was in Dutch and Flemish
hands, a quarter belonged to the French, the Genoese
controlled over one-fifth, the English one-tenth,
and the Germans somewhat less.
Latin America was a European business.
Charles V, heir to the Holy Roman emperors -
by purchased election, man of jutting chin and
gaze, spent only sixteen of his reign's forty
years in Spain.
Having occupied the throne without knowing a word
of Spanish, he governed with a retinue of rapacious
Flemings whom he authorized to take out of Spain
muletrain-loads of gold and jewels, and whom he
showered with bishoprics, bureaucratic tides, and
even the first license to ship slaves to
the Latin American colonies.
Intent on hounding - satan 666 - all across Europe -
he was able by the Latin America treasure -
for his religious wars.
The Hapsburg dynasty did collapse with his death -
Spain had to suffer them for nearly two centuries.
The leader of the Counter-Reformation -
was his son, Philip II.
From his huge palace-monastery, Escorial, on
the slopes of the Sierra de Guadarrama,
Philip spread the grim operations of
the Inquisition across the world and launched
his armies against the centers of heresy.
Calvin- ism had taken hold in Holland, England,
and France, and the Turks embodied the peril of
a return to the faith of Allah.
Spreading the true faith was a costly business -
the Gold and Silver objects -
marvels of Latin American art, that arrived
unmelted-down from Bolivia were quickly
taken from the Casa de Contratacion in Seville -
and thrown into the crucibles.
At the same time heretics, or those suspected of
heresy, were roasted in the Inquisition's -
purifying flames, Torquemada burned books, and
the devil's 666 - tail peeped out from every -
crevice.
The war against Protes- tantism was also the war
against ascendant capital in Europe.
Previously, Philip II had thrown out thousands
of Flemish artisans guilty or suspected
of Protestantism.
England welcomed them and they made a solid contribution
to that country's manufactures.
It is clear that the enormous distances and the difficulty
of commu- nication were not the main obstacles to
Spain's industrial progress.
Spanish capitalists became no more than rentiers through
the purchase of titles to Crown debts, and did not
invest their capital in industrial development.
The economic surplus went into unproductive channels -
the old wealthy class, the senores of gallows and knife,
the owners of land and titles of nobility, built palaces
and accumulated jewels - the new rich, speculators and merchants, bought land and titles.
Successive commercial treaties, signed after Spain's
military defeats in Europe, gave concessions that
stimulated maritime trade between the port of
Cadiz, where Latin America's metals were landed,
and French, English, Dutch, and Hanseatic ports.
Every year from 800 to 1,000 ships unloaded in Spain
the products of other countries' industries.
They reloaded with Latin American silver
and Spanish wool that went to foreign looms, whence
it would be returned already woven by the expanding
European industry.
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
.
The Inca Gods Inti - History -
The Inca Gods Inti -
(sun) and
Quilla -
(moon)
witness the crowning -
La Virgen del Cerro -
San Miguel with the cross -
La Virgen del Cerro -
In the top part of the painting -
the Holy Trinity, represented by three
different figures, participates in the
coronation of the Virgin Mary:
* the Eternal Father, dressed in
a pluvial cape -
* the Son, showing the priest's
accountrements for Mass -
* the Holy Spirit represented
by a white dove.
* To the left and to the right
there are the archangels.
San Miguel -
with a cross in his hands and
San Gabriel holding a heart.
This celestial scene is divided from
the terrestrial world by a glorious light
with clouds and cherubins.
The Inca Gods Inti -
(sun) and
Quilla -
(moon) witness the crowning.
In the middle part the painting shows
various allegories:
the origin of the name of the city of Potosi.
In the year 1462 the Emperor of the Incas -
Huayna Capac - came to the very place that
is now occupied by the city and was amazed
when he saw the mountain known as
Sumaj Orcko (Beautiful Mountain).
He ordered his vassals to explore the mountain.
Once they were done they heaved the uproar 'Potojsi'.
This is where the name Potosi is derived from.
In another allegory,
the discovery of Silver in the Cerro Rico -
(Rich Mountain) takes place in 1544.
The Indian Diego Huallpa -
grazed his llamas in the place which is
now the Villa.
One day some of his llamas headed towards
the mountain and one of them was lost.
In search of the lost animal Huallpa -
had to spend a night on the mountain
and because of the cold he made a small
campfire with some Keñau (a native bush)
and wild grasses which grew there.
The next morning, to his great amazament,
Huallpa discovered silver veins, melted
because of the heat of the fire.
In the lower part of the painting appear -
civil and religious authorities thanking
God -
for the wealth of the Mountain.
On the left the Pope, a Cardinal and
a Bishop are depicted.
On the right are Emperor Carlos V -
from Spain, a knight from Santiago
and the donor.
In between them a circle with a city -
Potosi -
which at that time was the center -
of economy and power -
in Latin America.
History often repeat itself.
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
The Inca Gods Inti - History -
The Inca Gods Inti -
(sun) and
Quilla -
(moon)
witness the crowning -
La Virgen del Cerro -
San Miguel with the cross -
La Virgen del Cerro -
In the top part of the painting -
the Holy Trinity, represented by three
different figures, participates in the
coronation of the Virgin Mary:
* the Eternal Father, dressed in
a pluvial cape -
* the Son, showing the priest's
accountrements for Mass -
* the Holy Spirit represented
by a white dove.
* To the left and to the right
there are the archangels.
San Miguel -
with a cross in his hands and
San Gabriel holding a heart.
This celestial scene is divided from
the terrestrial world by a glorious light
with clouds and cherubins.
The Inca Gods Inti -
(sun) and
Quilla -
(moon) witness the crowning.
In the middle part the painting shows
various allegories:
the origin of the name of the city of Potosi.
In the year 1462 the Emperor of the Incas -
Huayna Capac - came to the very place that
is now occupied by the city and was amazed
when he saw the mountain known as
Sumaj Orcko (Beautiful Mountain).
He ordered his vassals to explore the mountain.
Once they were done they heaved the uproar 'Potojsi'.
This is where the name Potosi is derived from.
In another allegory,
the discovery of Silver in the Cerro Rico -
(Rich Mountain) takes place in 1544.
The Indian Diego Huallpa -
grazed his llamas in the place which is
now the Villa.
One day some of his llamas headed towards
the mountain and one of them was lost.
In search of the lost animal Huallpa -
had to spend a night on the mountain
and because of the cold he made a small
campfire with some Keñau (a native bush)
and wild grasses which grew there.
The next morning, to his great amazament,
Huallpa discovered silver veins, melted
because of the heat of the fire.
In the lower part of the painting appear -
civil and religious authorities thanking
God -
for the wealth of the Mountain.
On the left the Pope, a Cardinal and
a Bishop are depicted.
On the right are Emperor Carlos V -
from Spain, a knight from Santiago
and the donor.
In between them a circle with a city -
Potosi -
which at that time was the center -
of economy and power -
in Latin America.
History often repeat itself.
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
Glory Info Excel -
on the go will -
be back soon -
i wish You a nice Holyday -
Bless Christ The Lord
kenbuddy, we all agree and Jaime is doing what needs
to be done for all to benefit incl. the entire
Potosi community of more than 115,000 people -
as he stated in the previous Franklin N/R -
ex. below -
Franklin Mining - will provide mining expertise and
capital to the Joint Venture, COMIBOL will provide
access to the Cerro Rico Mine and a federation of
cooperatives in Potosi, a province capital in
Bolivia, will provide as many as 10,000 workers
to the long-term project.
In making today's announcement, Jaime Melgarejo,
Franklin Mining CEO emphasized that, "COMIBOL's
expected higher revenues and Franklin's increased
cash flow are only two of the three results
expected from this Joint Venture.
Increased earnings and improved working conditions
for the cooperative's miners should enhance all
of Potosi's economy and benefit the entire
community of more than 115,000 people."
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060315/0113348.html
i will take this opportunity to thank all
Shareholders and partners in FMNJ for your
good support and paticipation that made
it possible for Franklin to get the
Trust confirmed by Cerro Rico - COMIBOL -
the cooperativ miners - in Joint Venture -
with Franklin Mining today -
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060519/0130377.html
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
Men must know that in this reality of man's life
it is often reserved to help children in need -
the Angels to be leading us on to were its
needed - i wish You all a Good Holyday and
hope to be back soon.
Eurasia Gold Corp. - Trading Halt -
Market Regulation Services - Trading Halt -
Eurasia Gold Corp. -
EGX - May 19, 2006 - 4:07 PM EDT
V.EGX 0.28 0.03
VANCOUVER, May 19 /CNW/ - The following issues have been halted by Market
Regulation Services (RS):
Issuer Name: Eurasia Gold Corp.
TSXV Ticker Symbol: EGX
Time of Halt: 15:54 EST
Reason for Halt: Company Request Pending News
Source: Canada NewsWire (May 19, 2006 - 4:07 PM EDT)
News by QuoteMedia
www.quotemedia.com
Eurasia Gold Corp. - Trading Halt -
Market Regulation Services - Trading Halt -
Eurasia Gold Corp. -
EGX - May 19, 2006 - 4:07 PM EDT
V.EGX 0.28 0.03
VANCOUVER, May 19 /CNW/ - The following issues have been halted by Market
Regulation Services (RS):
Issuer Name: Eurasia Gold Corp.
TSXV Ticker Symbol: EGX
Time of Halt: 15:54 EST
Reason for Halt: Company Request Pending News
Source: Canada NewsWire (May 19, 2006 - 4:07 PM EDT)
News by QuoteMedia
www.quotemedia.com
Eurasia Gold Corp. - Trading Halt -
Market Regulation Services - Trading Halt -
Eurasia Gold Corp. -
EGX - May 19, 2006 - 4:07 PM EDT
V.EGX 0.28 0.03
VANCOUVER, May 19 /CNW/ - The following issues have been halted by Market
Regulation Services (RS):
Issuer Name: Eurasia Gold Corp.
TSXV Ticker Symbol: EGX
Time of Halt: 15:54 EST
Reason for Halt: Company Request Pending News
Source: Canada NewsWire (May 19, 2006 - 4:07 PM EDT)
News by QuoteMedia
www.quotemedia.com
historyreflectstrut, i don't think FA left
FMNJ board, only i am an assistant to FA.
Well, i am on many other boards as well,
and has been in the mining for more than
30 years as been a shareholder in
mining companies - in some also for more
than 30 yrs. - the prospecting and research
for old mines as a hobby since a long time -
as well as a Gold Bull - You got -
that right.
kenbuddy, that's correct its on
FMNJ website stated;
"Our mission is to grow the company thru
operations and acquisitions. The first goal of
the company is to attain revenue streams thru
operations of gold placer mines. The second goal
of the company is to acquire hard rock properties
in order to create a mining portfolio of reserves
for the company."
i know Franklin has some of the greatest old rich
Gold Mines in the US but the FMNJ Board of Directors
decided to expand operations to Bolivia etc.
i am convinced that when we work with the Pater -
at various times He may assert -
his right to establish his own love -
among the children of men to lead us -
to were the work is most needed -
who showed the right road for the Apex
Silver mining company -
were some great work has benefited many -
people of Bolivia and the Apex -
please see the video on below link -
http://www.apexsilver.com/video/social_commitment.html
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5810
Ken, thanks for your participation as
Partner in FMNJ - its well needed for
so many Potosi Children to bring them
a better life.
zagyzebra, it may be easy -
if we keep the main basics in mind -
Note. the veins with that rich minaralization
at the top -
will most often be richer the deeper down -
the vein structure also most often become wider -
pyramid structures? -
but more like the arrowhead structure -
Cerro Rico -
fabulous Rich -
that a 10-year old child see
the mineralizations in the darkness -
that rich veins don't need to be drilled -
only blast and scoop out -
one day a genius Potosi Major -
may telling all -
its better with a lake -
than a mountain? -
they know its hard to eat -
The Cerro Rico Mountain -
its safer if the kids can go fishing
in a lake with inplanted fish? -
it will be safer and feed more people -
i would not hesitat to suggest it to
the Potosi Mayor? -
imo.
- what do You think?
RE: The San Miguel vein is in the northwest
quadrant of Cerro Rico de Potosi,
approximately 1,600 meters in length with
a width that reaches 2 meters -
has been traced of - comibol?
Recoverable reserves of Silver -
as estimated in COMIBOL's report-
are 154,011 Kilos.
Zinc and Tin are estimated to be recoverable
in economically significant quantities and are
to be included in the Joint Venture's
operating plan.
RE: Recoverable reserves of Silver -
as estimated in COMIBOL's report-
Note. take it with a grain of salt -
1. We don't know to what deepth they
been drilling - i think 300' maybe? -
if they don't care about safety -
they don't care about reserves? -
the kids eye-ball the mineralization
and chipping away with chisel -
hammer in best case? -
FMNJ - normal drilling in the US -
goes 3000' down - that were the values -
often start to become richer -
today we mine to 20000' deep in SA and
below use of hi-tech robotic control
from the computers at the office -
can run all mining equipment etc.
Cerro Rico, or “Rich Mountain” -
The Worlds Richest Silver Mines -
has been mined for nearly -
- 500 years.
The Cerro Rico - is still there -
have they got 1000' - 1500' deep -
the most about 90% of the Rich -
mineralization is still intact -
they got to much sniff on the
treasures - 666 - guarded?
FMNJ - its time for modern state
of Art hi-tech mining -
to get to work, boys! -
Cerro Rico -
well, that rich at the top -
the mineralization will be super Rich -
at deepth not weathered -
richer the deeper down we go -
Imo.
Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
- making history -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
RE: The San Miguel vein is in the northwest
quadrant of Cerro Rico de Potosi,
approximately 1,600 meters in length with
a width that reaches 2 meters -
has been traced of - comibol?
Recoverable reserves of Silver -
as estimated in COMIBOL's report-
are 154,011 Kilos.
Zinc and Tin are estimated to be recoverable
in economically significant quantities and are
to be included in the Joint Venture's
operating plan.
RE: Recoverable reserves of Silver -
as estimated in COMIBOL's report-
Note. take it with a grain of salt -
1. We don't know to what deepth they
been drilling - i think 300' maybe? -
if they don't care about safety -
they don't care about reserves? -
the kids eye-ball the mineralization
and chipping away with chisel -
hammer in best case? -
FMNJ - normal drilling in the US -
goes 3000' down - that were the values -
often start to become richer -
today we mine to 20000' deep in SA and
below use of hi-tech robotic control
from the computers at the office -
can run all mining equipment etc.
Cerro Rico, or “Rich Mountain” -
The Worlds Richest Silver Mines -
has been mined for nearly -
- 500 years.
The Cerro Rico - is still there -
have they got 1000' - 1500' deep -
the most about 90% of the Rich -
mineralization is still intact -
they got to much sniff on the
treasures - 666 - guarded?
FMNJ - its time for modern state
of Art hi-tech mining -
to get to work, boys! -
Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
- making history -
Cerro Rico -
well, that rich at the top -
the mineralization will be super Rich -
at deepth not weathered -
richer the deeper down we go -
Imo.
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
Franklin Mining, Bolivia *** NEWS ***
Franklin Releases Additional Data on
Joint Venture's San Miguel Vein,
Cerro Rico de Potosi -
Friday May 19, 11:32 am ET
Franklin Mining, Bolivia and COMIBOL Executives
Finalize Relationship With FEDECOMIN Potosi -
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 19, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) -
is today confirming some technical details from
the COMIBOL commissioned analysis of the first
of four veins assigned to the Franklin Mining,
Bolivia and COMIBOL Joint Venture for
development and exploitation of -
The Cerro Rico de Potosi Mine.
The Cerro Rico de Potosi Mountain -
is southeast of the city of Potosi, Bolivia.
The San Miguel vein is in the northwest quadrant
of Cerro Rico de Potosi, approximately
1,600 meters in length with a width that
reaches 2 meters.
Recoverable reserves of Silver -
as estimated in COMIBOL's report-
are 154,011 Kilos.
Zinc and Tin are estimated to be recoverable
in economically significant quantities and are
to be included in the Joint Venture's
operating plan.
Lesser quantities of other minerals may also be
included as economically viable.
"In releasing this information, I want to
emphasize that the San Miguel Vein Analysis Report
is the first of four that will be received.
Information from each report will be released as
received."
Franklin CEO Jaime Melgarejo added,
"These four reports were commissioned by COMIBOL,
our Joint Venture partner.
Each report is being prepared independently and
will be released in the order they are received."
Franklin Mining, Bolivia and COMIBOL executives
are finalizing agreements with FEDECOMIN Potosi
executives acting as an oversight board for the
individual, departmental and national Miners
Cooperatives supplying the labor to the newly
formed Joint Venture.
Meetings were concluded earlier this week in Potosi
and final workers agreements covering all four -
Cerro Rico veins are expected within one week.
FEDECOMIN is Bolivia's management council
responsible for providing guidance and supervision
to all Cooperatives Societies.
COMIBOL is Bolivia's national mining company.
For additional information on
Franklin Mining, Inc,
please visit our web site -
http://www.franklinmining.com.
To receive future Franklin Mining news -
by e-mail, please send contact information to -
info@franklinmining.com.
DISCLOSURES:
"Safe Harbor" statement under the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995: This press release contains
forward-looking statements that are subject to risk and
uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the impact of
competitive products, product demand, market acceptance risks,
fluctuations in operating results, political risk and other
risks detailed from time to time in Franklin Mining Inc.'s
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These
risks could cause Franklin Mining Inc.'s actual results to
differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statements made by, or on behalf of,
Franklin Mining Inc.
To receive future company information via e-mail,
please send your contact information to
info@franklinmining.com.
Contact:
Franklin Mining, Inc.
Andrew Austin
619-334-5644
info@franklinmining.com
Source: Franklin Mining, Inc.
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060519/0130377.html
Cerro Rico, or “Rich Mountain” -
The Worlds Richest Silver Mine -
has been mined for nearly -
- 500 years.
Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
- making history
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
Franklin Mining, Bolivia *** NEWS ***
Franklin Releases Additional Data on
Joint Venture's San Miguel Vein,
Cerro Rico de Potosi -
Friday May 19, 11:32 am ET
Franklin Mining, Bolivia and COMIBOL Executives
Finalize Relationship With FEDECOMIN Potosi -
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 19, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) -
is today confirming some technical details from
the COMIBOL commissioned analysis of the first
of four veins assigned to the Franklin Mining,
Bolivia and COMIBOL Joint Venture for
development and exploitation of -
The Cerro Rico de Potosi Mine.
The Cerro Rico de Potosi Mountain -
is southeast of the city of Potosi, Bolivia.
The San Miguel vein is in the northwest quadrant
of Cerro Rico de Potosi, approximately
1,600 meters in length with a width that
reaches 2 meters.
Recoverable reserves of Silver -
as estimated in COMIBOL's report-
are 154,011 Kilos.
Zinc and Tin are estimated to be recoverable
in economically significant quantities and are
to be included in the Joint Venture's
operating plan.
Lesser quantities of other minerals may also be
included as economically viable.
"In releasing this information, I want to
emphasize that the San Miguel Vein Analysis Report
is the first of four that will be received.
Information from each report will be released as
received."
Franklin CEO Jaime Melgarejo added,
"These four reports were commissioned by COMIBOL,
our Joint Venture partner.
Each report is being prepared independently and
will be released in the order they are received."
Franklin Mining, Bolivia and COMIBOL executives
are finalizing agreements with FEDECOMIN Potosi
executives acting as an oversight board for the
individual, departmental and national Miners
Cooperatives supplying the labor to the newly
formed Joint Venture.
Meetings were concluded earlier this week in Potosi
and final workers agreements covering all four -
Cerro Rico veins are expected within one week.
FEDECOMIN is Bolivia's management council
responsible for providing guidance and supervision
to all Cooperatives Societies.
COMIBOL is Bolivia's national mining company.
For additional information on
Franklin Mining, Inc,
please visit our web site -
http://www.franklinmining.com.
To receive future Franklin Mining news -
by e-mail, please send contact information to -
info@franklinmining.com.
DISCLOSURES:
"Safe Harbor" statement under the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995: This press release contains
forward-looking statements that are subject to risk and
uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the impact of
competitive products, product demand, market acceptance risks,
fluctuations in operating results, political risk and other
risks detailed from time to time in Franklin Mining Inc.'s
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These
risks could cause Franklin Mining Inc.'s actual results to
differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statements made by, or on behalf of,
Franklin Mining Inc.
To receive future company information via e-mail,
please send your contact information to
info@franklinmining.com.
Contact:
Franklin Mining, Inc.
Andrew Austin
619-334-5644
info@franklinmining.com
Source: Franklin Mining, Inc.
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060519/0130377.html
Cerro Rico, or “Rich Mountain” -
The Worlds Richest Silver Mines -
has been mined for nearly -
- 500 years.
Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
- making history
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
Franklin Mining, Inc. - Gold Mines & Mill -
Franklin Gold Mines & Mill, --
Clear Creek County, Colorado -
Old News Reflection & update -
Franklin Mining, Inc. Developing Joint Venture
Prospects in Colorado -
HOUSTON, TX -- (MARKET WIRE) -- 06/21/2004 --
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
(OTC: FMNJ)
- is currently seeking joint venture opportunities for
the mine property in Colorado.
The designated property is located in Clear Creek County,
"This is a step in the right direction utilizing
the property in Colorado that corresponds with
our business plan," stated Jaime Melgarejo, Jr.,
President of Franklin Mining, Inc.
Dr. Henry (Rick) Sandry -
will be authorized to seek out and facilitate
opportunities for the property located
in Colorado.
Dr. Sandry is a member of the advisory Board of
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
and received his doctorate
from the Colorado School of Mines.
Dr. Sandry -
is familiar with the Colorado property -
and gives the Company a big advantage with regards
to selecting joint venture opportunities as they
become available.
Franklin Mining, Inc. goals are to identify, acquire,
develop and operate mining properties of gold, silver
and other metals in a number of targeted areas.
The Company plans to provide shareholder growth and
stability through developing identified prospects and
acquiring existing mining operations throughout
the United States, Bolivia and Colombia.
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/read_msg.asp?message_id=11161108
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/read_msg.asp?message_id=11139057
http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release_html_b1?release_id=68805
.
Franklin Mining, Inc. - Gold Mines & Mill -
Franklin Gold Mines & Mill, --
Clear Creek County, Colorado -
Old News Reflection & update -
Franklin Mining, Inc. Developing Joint Venture
Prospects in Colorado -
HOUSTON, TX -- (MARKET WIRE) -- 06/21/2004 --
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
(OTC: FMNJ)
- is currently seeking joint venture opportunities for
the mine property in Colorado.
The designated property is located in Clear Creek County,
"This is a step in the right direction utilizing
the property in Colorado that corresponds with
our business plan," stated Jaime Melgarejo, Jr.,
President of Franklin Mining, Inc.
Dr. Henry (Rick) Sandry -
will be authorized to seek out and facilitate
opportunities for the property located
in Colorado.
Dr. Sandry is a member of the advisory Board of
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
and received his doctorate
from the Colorado School of Mines.
Dr. Sandry -
is familiar with the Colorado property -
and gives the Company a big advantage with regards
to selecting joint venture opportunities as they
become available.
Franklin Mining, Inc. goals are to identify, acquire,
develop and operate mining properties of gold, silver
and other metals in a number of targeted areas.
The Company plans to provide shareholder growth and
stability through developing identified prospects and
acquiring existing mining operations throughout
the United States, Bolivia and Colombia.
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/read_msg.asp?message_id=11161108
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/read_msg.asp?message_id=11139057
.
profdoj thank You, yes the article -
Into the Lungs of Hell -
By Craig D. Guillot -
Craig try to describe the situation of the
miners - truly the reality is probable
worse than what is told -
Craig may haven't been working in mining? -
i have been in the mining a long time -
prospected, walked and crawled into
many old mines -
i am still here for i used to have -
canarie-songbird with me in -
if the song stopped -
the angel told me -
"you have ten second to get out" -
many times i been there -
i still have some old mines - and
some optioned out to different comp. -
and i have much to thank my Lord for -
i will try to describe what may killed
10000s of miners-children in Cerro Rico -
please read following -
ex. latest article -
Note.
Company spokesman David Parker said -
the victims were not working underground -
at the time of the accident.
"We don't know what the cause was.
That's what we're investigating, and we
certainly don't want speculate at this
point in time.
So that's why we want to get there on
the ground ourselves," he said.
Kimberley Mayor James Ogilvie said -
the four victims were rushed to the regional
hospital in Cranbrook, which is about
a 30-minute drive south of Kimberley.
Details are sketchy, but it appears that
someone involved in the reclamation work
called 911, reporting
a person had succumbed to gas.
http://tinyurl.com/eu4d9
the reality is that most of the children
in Potosi, who lost their daddy to the
666 - gas - You can't smell - also have
to try to feed their younger sisters and
brothers - so as young as 9-10 yrs old they
will try to work in the mine run by
bureaucrats who has not or don't care -
about the safety for the children-miners? -
Before the children enter the mine -
they have been told to worship the figure
placed at the entrance -
each mine has its own effigy of el Tio
(literally 'the Uncle', a standard euphemism for
the 666 Devil) in place.
The workers see no inconsistency in this?
Below, in the mines, they are nothing short of
devil worshippers? -
Above ground the miners are perfect Catholic
Christians -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/read_msg.asp?message_id=11168239
- I'm just thanking You all - the FMNJ Shareholders -
the FMNJ - Mission - but I just think that only -
because You cannot see him - He is with You -
the last link for the Children?
RE: Mining in Bolivia -
FYI. -
Eaglecrest Explorations Ltd. -
(TSX VENTURE) - is pleased to report that -
the Bolivian Minister of Mines and Metallurgy, Mr. Walter
Villarroel Morochi,
yesterday, issued a letter to Eaglecrest confirming
that there is no plan to nationalize the mining industry
in Bolivia.
In an official letter dated May 10, 2006
to Dr. Jorge Forgues Valverde, Eaglecrest's Bolivian legal
counsel, the Bolivian Minister of Mines and Metallurgy
advised that his Ministry is in the process of participating
in the preparation of a National Development Plan.
The Minister's letter states that there is no consideration in
that Plan for any nationalization, expropriation or conversion
of the Bolivian mining industry into a state run industry.
On the contrary, the Minister's letter stresses that the state
owned agency COMIBOL, which is the holder of a large percentage
of all mining concessions in Bolivia, will require the infusion
of foreign capital to develop the state owned mineral resources.
The Minister concluded his letter by stating that the new
policies will be finalized to guarantee normal functioning
of mining operations.
http://www.sys-con.com/read/220490.htm
.
FYI. Eaglecrest Explorations Ltd. -
(TSX VENTURE) - is pleased to report that
the Bolivian Minister of Mines and Metallurgy, Mr. Walter
Villarroel Morochi,
yesterday, issued a letter to Eaglecrest confirming
that there is no plan to nationalize the mining industry
in Bolivia.
In an official letter dated May 10, 2006
to Dr. Jorge Forgues Valverde, Eaglecrest's Bolivian legal
counsel, the Bolivian Minister of Mines and Metallurgy
advised that his Ministry is in the process of participating
in the preparation of a National Development Plan.
The Minister's letter states that there is no consideration in
that Plan for any nationalization, expropriation or conversion
of the Bolivian mining industry into a state run industry.
On the contrary, the Minister's letter stresses that the state
owned agency COMIBOL, which is the holder of a large percentage
of all mining concessions in Bolivia, will require the infusion
of foreign capital to develop the state owned mineral resources.
The Minister concluded his letter by stating that the new
policies will be finalized to guarantee normal functioning
of mining operations.
http://www.sys-con.com/read/220490.htm
Well, many times i wondered if i were truly -
carrying out Pater's plan for my life -
i want the children of Potosi to get -
a better life -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
Thanks for your FMNJ paticipations.
Viva Franklin Mining - Cerro Rico Confirmation -
Viva - First US Mining Company -
FMNJ - Trusted at The Great Cerro Rico -
Potosi, Bolivia -
- Viva Franklin Mining - since Conquistadores -
the Europeans - had come to -
South America -
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
Receives First of Four - Cerro Rico Mine -
- Analysis Reports -
Thursday May 18, 11:58 am ET
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 18, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc.
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) announced today that its
subsidiary -
- Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
has received the first of four reports on its assigned
silver veins in -
- The Cerro Rico Mine.
In a March 31, 2006 meeting, COMIBOL, Bolivia's
national mining company -
- identified which four veins would be included
in its -
Joint Venture with Franklin Mining -
and commissioned independent analysis reports
be prepared and used in determining
the Joint Venture's final structure.
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060518/0130180.html
- Viva Franklin Mining -
- making history for USA -
- Other young excellent US mining companies -
has come close to -
The Cerro Rico Silver Mountain -
and has in the outskirt of Potosi District -
found extensions of the Rich -
- Cerro Rico Rich Silver Veins -
- Side Veins Structures and Fractions -
Ex. You may see and listen to the video below -
http://tinyurl.com/fptdk
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
Viva Franklin Mining - Cerro Rico Confirmation -
Viva - First US Mining Company -
FMNJ - Trusted at The Great Cerro Rico -
Potosi, Bolivia -
- Viva Franklin Mining - since Conquistadores -
the Europeans - had come to -
South America -
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
Receives First of Four - Cerro Rico Mine -
- Analysis Reports -
Thursday May 18, 11:58 am ET
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 18, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc.
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) announced today that its
subsidiary -
- Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
has received the first of four reports on its assigned
silver veins in -
- The Cerro Rico Mine.
In a March 31, 2006 meeting, COMIBOL, Bolivia's
national mining company -
- identified which four veins would be included
in its -
Joint Venture with Franklin Mining -
and commissioned independent analysis reports
be prepared and used in determining
the Joint Venture's final structure.
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060518/0130180.html
- Viva Franklin Mining -
- making history for USA -
- Other young excellent US mining companies -
has come close to -
The Cerro Rico Silver Mountain -
and has in the outskirt of Potosi District -
found extensions of the Rich -
- Cerro Rico Rich Silver Veins -
- Side Veins Structures and Fractions -
Ex. You may see and listen to the video below -
http://tinyurl.com/fptdk
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
At various times during the last -
thousand years Pater may asserted -
his rights and endeavoured -
to establish his own authority -
his own laws, and his own government -
among the children of men -
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
i think there's a passion -
for Cerro Rico like never before -
If i can put one touch of rosy sunset -
into the life of any man or woman -
i shall feel that -
i have worked with You -
With Malice toward none -
with charity for all -
with firmness in the right -
as God gives us to see the right -
let us strive on to finish the work -
we are in -
to bind up the nation's wounds -
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
The real democratic American idea is -
not that every man shall be on a level -
with every other man -
but that every man shall have Liberty -
to be what God made him -
without hindrance -
http://tinyurl.com/zdggd
Control of a company does not carry with it -
the ability to control the price of its stock -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
The rich are not born sceptical or cynical -
They are made that way by events, circumstances -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
Franklin Mining - Confirmation -
Viva - First US Mining Company - Trusted at Cerro Rico -
Potosi, Bolivia -
- Franklin Mining - since Conquistadores -
the Europeans - had come to -
South America -
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
Receives First of Four - Cerro Rico Mine -
- Analysis Reports -
Thursday May 18, 11:58 am ET
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 18, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc.
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) announced today that its
subsidiary -
- Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
has received the first of four reports on its assigned
silver veins in -
- The Cerro Rico Mine.
In a March 31, 2006 meeting, COMIBOL, Bolivia's
national mining company -
- identified which four veins would be included
in its -
Joint Venture with Franklin Mining -
and commissioned independent analysis reports
be prepared and used in determining
the Joint Venture's final structure.
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060518/0130180.html
- Viva - Franklin Mining -
- making history for USA -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
In God We Trust
.
Franklin Mining - Confirmation -
Viva - First US Mining Company - Trusted at Cerro Rico -
Potosi, Bolivia -
- Viva Franklin Mining - since Conquistadores -
the Europeans - had come to -
South America -
Franklin Mining, Inc. -
Receives First of Four - Cerro Rico Mine -
- Analysis Reports -
Thursday May 18, 11:58 am ET
LAS VEGAS, NV--(MARKET WIRE)--May 18, 2006 --
Franklin Mining, Inc.
(Other OTC:FMNJ.PK - News) announced today that its
subsidiary -
- Franklin Mining, Bolivia -
has received the first of four reports on its assigned
silver veins in -
- The Cerro Rico Mine.
In a March 31, 2006 meeting, COMIBOL, Bolivia's
national mining company -
- identified which four veins would be included
in its -
Joint Venture with Franklin Mining -
and commissioned independent analysis reports
be prepared and used in determining
the Joint Venture's final structure.
http://biz.yahoo.com/iw/060518/0130180.html
- Viva Franklin Mining -
- making history for USA -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
.
The Franklin Mining Mission - FMNJ -
is to turn it all around a.s.a.p. -
to a good secure modern state of art safety
for all -
http://www.investorshub.com/boards/board.asp?board_id=5406
---
For the records -
Searching through the Scraps:
Women and Mining in Bolivia -
Tue March 1, 2005,
by: Dawn PALEY
Beginning in the 15th century silver exploitation
of Potosi and continuing to today, women have
been involved in intricate and often invisible
ways in the Bolivian mining sector.
When Bolivia’s mining sector was privatized in 1985, the formerly nationalized mines were fractured and split, the minority falling into the hands of larger private enterprises, and the vast majority left to survive on their own, with no state or foreign investment. Today, 85% of miners work in cooperative structures, using manual extraction methods and generally living in less organized and less prosperous circumstances than during the existence of COMIBOL.
From 1952 to 1985, COMIBOL was the major organization representing miners, union regulations formally excluded
women from working inside the. In this era the most visible representation of women in the mining sector was through
‘Amas de Casa’ organizations, where wives and partners of miners organized to lobby for improved working and living conditions for miners and their families.
The tradition of the Amas de Casa continues today, and part
of the legacy of their struggles is the recognition that women’s work in the household is an integral and productive element in the mining sector.
Other than working in the home, women have and continue to contribute their labour to the mining sector in a variety of ways. With only 6,000 women cooperative members out of an estimated 60,000, it follows that the vast majority of women are autonomous workers, whose activities range from informal trade to mineral salvaging. There are men as well women
working in all types of informal labour in the mining sector, however all able bodied men are presented with the option to work inside the mines for a better wage, a choice which
is not extended to women.
Today, working inside mines remains almost exclusively the domain of men, and women are kept on the margins of the
mining sector through a combination of discriminatory regulations and cultural beliefs.
The forms of labour open to women are so insecure -and the financial benefits so few- that it is not unusual for young children to work alongside their mothers, searching together for mineral scraps in mine dumps and rivers.
Palliris: On the bottom of the pile
We had arranged to meet in Potosi first thing in the morning, but when 10 o’clock came around, Alejandra Lopez was nowhere
to be found.
When she arrived, Lopez, president of a palliri (hand picker) organization in Potosi, explained that she had been organizing a memorial service for one of her comrades, a palliri who was killed the day before while she worked sorting through mineral tailings on Cerro Rico. This was my introduction to the world of women’s work in the mining sector in Bolivia, a world
where women’s rights and health are far from guaranteed.
“Women working as palliris don’t know about engineering, and there is very little capacity buliding that takes place” says Lopez, referring to the feminized trade that sees women
working outside the tin mines of the Cerro Rico in the city
of Potosi to survive.
While palliris have formed cooperatives in Siglo XX, a mining region in northern Potosi, and have a loose organizational structure in Potosi, for the most part their labour is
informal and autonomous.
In Northern Potosi, palliri leader Nora Escueza explains that as the leader of a palliri cooperative she is paid a small salary from the Federation of Mining Cooperatives, but that her participation within the federation -an environment which she describes as “very masculine”- is limited.
The palliri cooperative is meant to bring women workers together, however a serious lack of resources hampers any real possibility of using the organization as a platform for improving working conditions for women.
The work of palliris is difficult and time consuming, most working six days a week for more than eight hours daily
to make ends meet. On a warm and windy November morning, I walked through the enormous tailing piles outside of the Siglo XX tin mine with Escueza as my guide.
We stopped to talk to two women working in a hole, invisible from above.
“We sort and concentrate tin” Alicia Mendez explained, between turns lifting and moving large stones from below her knees
to a pile above her shoulders, hitting them together so that the fine wet sand clinging to them falls to the ground.
She’s testing to see if any of the stones contain tin, and as she works, she fills a wheelbarrow with those that do.
At the end of the day she will sort through the pile in
order to salvage the tin that she separated, which she’ll
later sell to a local buyer.
“We get paid for what we find” she says, adding that “there is a long delay between the hours we work and when we get paid.” Working outdoors, year round, Mendez estimates she can average $150 CDN monthly, enough to keep a roof over the heads of her seven children, but not enough to take time off or to stop working as a palliri, which she says she’ll do “as long as God lets me live.”
Baranquilleras: Far enough down the River
Chuquini is a community in the tropics north of La Paz, built around two gold mines and home to a population of about 2500. Informal housing and unsteady wages are the norm, and while some of the miners talk about finding a nugget, or reminisce about a good year, for most, depending on gold to get by leaves them living hand to mouth. To make matters worse, it is estimated that there are 120 families working in the river, which also serves as the local garbage dump, to make ends meet.
“People, and especially women, work in the river because it is their only access to the resource” explains baranquillera leader Lurdes Dabo, referring to the young and old immersed up to their waist in water shoveling sand and rocks into metal chutes. Baranquilleras work downstream from the gold mines, and their work is, according to Dabo, “the most precarious” type of work that exists in gold mining communities.
After filling a metal chute with rocks to form a rudimentary filtration system, baranquilleras spend up to ten hours a day shoveling mine tailings into the filter, hoping to collect small grains of gold from their filter at the days end. The disconnect between the amount of work a baranquillera does in a day and the final product is mind blowing, some ending a full day of shoveling with a few flecks of gold, weighing but a quarter of a gram. “We trade this for food,” one woman told me, “and tomorrow we do it all again.”
Gold traders are open twenty four hours a day in Chuquini, where a baranquillera, wet from the shoulders down after a long day’s work, can trade her daily find in for an average of $4 CDN, often not enough to feed her family. Tuberculosis, caused by malnutrition and pollution, is common in the region; however there are no health clinics. In Tipuani, a neighboring village, there is a clinic but there are no doctors.
Searching for Alternatives
While working inside of the mine is far from a solution for women in the mining sector in Bolivia, it should, at minimum, be an option. "I know women could work inside the mine," reflects palliri Alicia Mendez, "but we’re not allowed to enter, so we work outside." If all women had equal opportunity to enter the mines, it would allow them the choice to work for higher pay in a more organized environment.
“Women working outside mines complain about their situation”, says Claudia Ricaldi of the Bolivian non governmental organization CEPROMIN, “but talking is one thing. It’s time for these women to take the initiative and enter the mines, regardless of whether the men ‘let’ them or not.” Capacity building is high on the list of palliri needs, as palliri leader Lopez explains that "Women working as palliris don’t know their rights as workers, and until we do, we will continue to be the most oppressed workers in the mining sector."
The needs and desires of women working as palliris or baranquilleras reflect the needs of mining communities at large, however with a greater sense of urgency. "Palliris are too often used for other peoples benefit" palliri leader Lopez states, continuing without hesitation "many of the NGO’s here in Potosi who claim to be working in our name do not listen to our needs."
“Baranquilleras organized two years ago with help from the International Labour Organization” says Dabo, whose primary goal as leader of the organization was to find employment alternatives for baranquilleras outside of the mining sector. The ILO also set up a project in the region three years ago, where women working as baranquilleras were invited to learn to sew and make clothing as an alternative way to support their family. Both ILO projects ended last year, and the sewing machines now sit silent because there are no funds available to pay a teacher to instruct the women how to sew.
Dabo hopes that the baranquillera organization and efforts for alternative careers in Chuquini will continue, but without funds, she says, there is “no real hope or expectation for positive change”. Canadian NGO CECI has recently started a project in Chuquini, the aims of which are to research and document child labour in the area. Unfortunately, this project is another example of a project which fails to provide real alternatives to the most marginalized members of the community.
Change for women working on the fringes of the mining sector in Bolivia necessitates the formation of respectful relationships between these women and the Bolivian government, NGO’s, and mining cooperatives. Women need to be engaged as active participants -and not treated as passive recipients- in the development of initiatives to improve their precarious position in the mining sector in Bolivia.
This article was made possible with assistance from the Public Service Alliance of Canada’s Social Justice Fund. Dawn Paley is a journalist, activist and photographer from Ruskin, British Columbia. Details of her current project are available at www.patagoniabolivia.net.
http://www.alternatives.ca/article1721.html
the link below provide some light of todays sad facts -
http://tinyurl.com/mjp8s
I