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Detrended Price Oscillator: The Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO), as the name indicates, is a technical analysis tool designed to give information about the price of an asset without taking into account existing price trends. The logic behind this is that detrended prices can help traders to understand the buying and selling pressure in a market based on short-term fluctuations in the price of an asset, without taking into account larger upswings or downswings in price.
The Detrended Price Oscillator can be calculated by declaring a period of time that could be said to indicate a trend in price (for example, if prices steadily increase over a twenty-day period, then one could take "20" as the period of time that indicates a trend.) Divide this period by two and add one to arrive at a number n. Then take the moving average of an asset's price n days before the period in question, and subtract this from the asset's closing price for that period. The resulting number is the period's DPO. This calculation method ensures that although short-term price trends are included in a DPO chart, longer-term trends are excluded.
One of the fundamental assumptions of the DPO is that long-term price trends are composed of short-term price trends, and that only by looking at short-term trends can long-term trends be understood. By this rationale, particularly severe peaks and troughs in the DPO indicate probable reversals in the overall trend of the asset price, and traders should take appropriate positions to take advantage of these reversals in either direction.
Bank of England (BOE) Rate Decision: Release schedule : 11:00 AM GMT (about 7:00 AM EST); Monthly in the first or second week.
Source of report : Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee
Web Address : http://www.bankofengland.co.uk
Address of release : http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetarypolicy/decisions.htm
Carbon Credits: Carbon credits pertains to the right to emit a certain volume of greenhouse gases. The current measure is that one ton of C02 (or C02 equivalent gases) is equal to one carbon credit. To encourage businesses and companies to minimize their emission of greenhouse gases, they can exchange, buy, and sell carbon credits in the international market
Analyst: When analyzing the market, analysts can generally be divided into two camps - fundamentals and technicals.
Fundamental analysts are those who mainly look at the fundamental aspects of an economy in forming their opinions. They stay on top of the markets by reading and analyzing what the current economic data say about current market conditions, what is fundamentally driving the market, and where it's headed.
Technical analysts are those who primarily rely on chart indicators and patterns to help predict where price will move next. Some tools that technical analysts use are Fibonacci retracement, candlesticks and momentum indicators.
Bank of England: The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. Sometimes known as the 'Old Lady' of Threadneedle Street, the Bank was founded in 1694, nationalised on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UK's financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy.
The Bank of England has been in place for more than three hundred years, although it wasn't nationalized until 1946. It serves a dual role as both a consumer bank and a government bank. As such, the "Old Lady of Threadneedle Street," as the Bank of England is often called, holds a primary role in the financial status of the United Kingdom.
In 1998 the bank's governing body was changed by the Bank of England Act. Now the Bank of Directors is composed of sixteen non-executive directors, two deputy governors, and the bank's governor. This has modified the bank's responsibilities; their two main purposes now include maintaining the UK's Monetary and financial stability, although it still has as many small-scale account holders as it does large corporate accounts.
In regards to the foreign exchange market, the Bank of England manages the Exchange Equalisation Account. The EEA was formed in 1932 and is the account responsible for influencing the exchange rate of the UK's gold reserves. It also holds foreign currencies and gold for trading purposes
Biflation: Biflation is a phenomenon where both inflation and deflation occur at the same time. This term was coined by Dr. Osborne Brown, a Senior Financial Analyst for the Phoenix Investment group.
During biflation, the prices of commodities and earnings-based assets (equities) rise while the prices of debt-based assets (bonds) fall
Disparity Index: The disparity index is a percentage measurement for the position of the current closing price of an asset relative to that asset's moving average. Traders commonly attribute this measurement to Steve Nison, based on his book Beyond Candlesticks.
The disparity index can take either a positive or a negative value. A positive value indicates that the asset's price is rapidly increasing, while a negative value indicates that the price is rapidly decreasing. A value of zero means that the asset's current price is exactly consistent with its moving average.
The disparity index crossing the zero line reflects an extremely rapid change in the trend of a given asset, and is therefore a strong early-warning indicator of the asset's increasing momentum.
Nison's book suggests that the disparity index can indicate whether an asset is overbought (in the case of a positive value) or oversold (in the case of a negative.) Since overbought and oversold assets are very vulnerable to rapid price reversals, the disparity index is a good indicator of when following the trend of a given asset might be a dangerous proposition.
Carry Trade: The Carry Trade is a trading strategy where investors/traders sell or borrow assets (such as currencies) with lower yielding interest rates to fund or buy higher yielding assets.
In the Foreign exchange, interest is debited or credit from a trader's account everyday on open positions.
The most popular Carry Trade in recent history has been to sell Japanese Yen and buy higher yielding currencies such as the Australian Dollar, New Zealand Dollar, and British Pound.
For example, if you buy the AUD/JPY, then you sell Japanese Yen (which yields 0.00% a year)and buy an equivalent amount of Australian Dollars (which yields 3.50% a year) simultaneously. So, for as long as you hold that position you would pay 0.00% interest a year for borrowing Japanese Yen, and receive 3.50% a year for holding Australian Dollars.
The interest rate differential of that position is 3.50 (3.50% - 0.00%). So you would receive approximately 3.50% a year on the value of the position, depending on the margin interest charged by the broker and on exchange rate volatility.
Bank of Japan (BOJ) Monetary Policy Meeting and Announcement: Release schedule : No set time, usually between 2:00 and 4:00 (GMT); monthly, in the middle of the month
Source of report : Bank of Japan
Web Address : http://www.boj.or.jp/en/index.htm
Address of Release : http://www.boj.or.jp/en/theme/seisaku/kettei/index.htm
Schedule of Meetings : http://www.boj.or.jp/en/theme/seisaku/index.htm
Carbon Credits: Carbon credits pertains to the right to emit a certain volume of greenhouse gases. The current measure is that one ton of C02 (or C02 equivalent gases) is equal to one carbon credit. To encourage businesses and companies to minimize their emission of greenhouse gases, they can exchange, buy, and sell carbon credits in the international market
Analyst: When analyzing the market, analysts can generally be divided into two camps - fundamentals and technicals.
Fundamental analysts are those who mainly look at the fundamental aspects of an economy in forming their opinions. They stay on top of the markets by reading and analyzing what the current economic data say about current market conditions, what is fundamentally driving the market, and where it's headed.
Technical analysts are those who primarily rely on chart indicators and patterns to help predict where price will move next. Some tools that technical analysts use are Fibonacci retracement, candlesticks and momentum indicators.
Divergence: Divergence is a trading pattern in which the relationship between price action and an oscillator indicator is measured.
If the price begins to move in a negative correlation to an indicator, (ie. higher "highs" in price, but lower "highs" in indicator), it could be viewed as a leading indicator for a potential change in price direction.
Dovish: Refers to the tone of language when describing a non-aggressive stance or viewpoint regarding a specific economic event or action. It’s often used when describing the economy or interest rates of a country.
Central bankers are described as "dovish" because they generally favor economic growth and employment over tightening interest rates.
Opposite of Hawkish (hawk).
Doji: The doji is a type of candlestick and a warning sign of a pending reversal. The lack of a real body conveys a sense of indecision or tug-of-war between buyers and sellers and the balance of power may be shifting. The open and close are pretty much equal. The length of the upper and lower shadows can vary and the resulting candlestick looks like a cross, inverted cross or plus sign.
British Industrial Production: Release Schedule: 8:30 (GMT); monthly, usually 26 working days following the reporting month's end
Revisions Schedule: Monthly revisions made to adjust for incomplete data.
Source of Report: Office for National Statistics (UK)
Web Address: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/default.asp
Address of release: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Product.asp?vlnk=6230
Biflation: Biflation is a phenomenon where both inflation and deflation occur at the same time. This term was coined by Dr. Osborne Brown, a Senior Financial Analyst for the Phoenix Investment group.
During biflation, the prices of commodities and earnings-based assets (equities) rise while the prices of debt-based assets (bonds) fall
Bearish Reversal Candlestick Patterns: The Bearish Reversal Candlestick Pattern comes in over 12 different forms. These include the Abandoned Baby, the Bearish Engulfing Pattern, the Harami, the Dark Cloud Cover, the Evening Star and the Shooting Star. Bearish Reversal Candlestick Patterns should form in an uptrend and most will require Bearish Confirmation as reinforcement of the pattern. Use additional anaylsis to further support your findings.
Directional Movement Index: The directional movement index (or DMI) was developed by J. Welles Wilder in order to determine the overall direction of a given asset's prices. DMI is composed of two lines, one representing positive direction ( DI) and one representing a negative direction (-DI).
To calculate the DMI, a trader first calculates the difference between the current high and the previous high (HiDiff), as well as the difference between the previous low and the current low (LowDiff). HiDiff and LowDiff are then compared. If HiDiff is greater in value, a variable DMI is set to HiDiff and a variable -DMI is set to 0. If LowDiff is greater, -DMI is set to LowDiff and DMI is set to 0. If the two values are equal, or if no trend is seen in either highs or lows, both values are set to 0. A calculation known as the Welles Summation is then performed on both DMI and -DMI, resulting in two numbers: DI and -DI, both ranging from 0 to 100. The directional movement index consists of these two points.
The DMI can be used in strongly trending markets to determine strong buy and sell signals. The DMI generates a strong buy signal when DI crosses above -DI at any point and generates a strong sell signal when DI crosses below -DI at any point. In non-trending markets, this indicator becomes less useful.
The directional movement index is the basic value from which the average directional index (or ADX) is derived.
Carbon Credits: Carbon credits pertains to the right to emit a certain volume of greenhouse gases. The current measure is that one ton of C02 (or C02 equivalent gases) is equal to one carbon credit. To encourage businesses and companies to minimize their emission of greenhouse gases, they can exchange, buy, and sell carbon credits in the international market
Bank of England: The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. Sometimes known as the 'Old Lady' of Threadneedle Street, the Bank was founded in 1694, nationalised on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UK's financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy.
The Bank of England has been in place for more than three hundred years, although it wasn't nationalized until 1946. It serves a dual role as both a consumer bank and a government bank. As such, the "Old Lady of Threadneedle Street," as the Bank of England is often called, holds a primary role in the financial status of the United Kingdom.
In 1998 the bank's governing body was changed by the Bank of England Act. Now the Bank of Directors is composed of sixteen non-executive directors, two deputy governors, and the bank's governor. This has modified the bank's responsibilities; their two main purposes now include maintaining the UK's Monetary and financial stability, although it still has as many small-scale account holders as it does large corporate accounts.
In regards to the foreign exchange market, the Bank of England manages the Exchange Equalisation Account. The EEA was formed in 1932 and is the account responsible for influencing the exchange rate of the UK's gold reserves. It also holds foreign currencies and gold for trading purposes
Doji: The doji is a type of candlestick and a warning sign of a pending reversal. The lack of a real body conveys a sense of indecision or tug-of-war between buyers and sellers and the balance of power may be shifting. The open and close are pretty much equal. The length of the upper and lower shadows can vary and the resulting candlestick looks like a cross, inverted cross or plus sign.
Discretionary Trading: While other trading styles emphasize the reading of signals based on mathematical formulas or price action patterns, or fundamental analysis alone, discretionary traders are the "jack of all trades" of the Forex market and tend to incorporate all forms of analysis. These traders not only rely on their well developed trading processes and framework of the fundamentals and technicals to make a decision, but also sometimes intuition as well (i.e., years of market experience). Because of their experience, discretionary traders tend to be flexible with their trading rules and more adaptable to market changes.
The downside to the discretionary trading style is that trading decisions are more susceptible to the strong emotional effects of managing financial risk. Also, depending on the time frame, it requires more attention to the market than mechanical or automated trading methods.
Descending Trendline: Descending trendlines are a variety of trendlines, one of the most fundamental tools for technical analysis. Descending trendlines are simply trendlines with a negative slope, indicating falling prices. There are two types of descending trendlines: descending top trendlines, in which the high prices for an asset are falling, and descending bottom trendlines, in which the low prices for the asset are falling.
The rules for trading using descending trendlines are the same as the rules for trading with trendlines in general. A descending top trendline is a measure of the resistance to an asset's price, and traders consider a break in price through the descending top to be buy signal for the asset. A descending bottom trendline is a measure of the support in an asset's price, and traders consider a break in price through the descending bottom to be a sell signal for the asset. Many traders consider it necessary for additional signals to appear on the chart before a broken descending trendline is confirmed, and before those traders will take the appropriate market action.