Form 10-K for QUIGLEY CORP
23-Mar-2006
Annual Report
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION
OVERVIEW
The Company, headquartered in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, is a leading manufacturer, marketer and distributor of a diversified range of homeopathic and health products which comprise the Cold Remedy, Health and Wellness and Contract Manufacturing segments. The Company is also involved in the research and development of potential prescription products that comprise the Ethical Pharmaceutical segment.
The Company's business is the manufacture and distribution of cold remedy products to the consumer through the over-the-counter marketplace together with the sale of proprietary health and wellness products through its direct selling subsidiary. One of the Company's key products in its Cold Remedy segment is Cold-Eeze(R), a zinc gluconate glycine product proven in two double-blind clinical studies to reduce the duration and severity of the common cold symptoms by nearly half. Cold-Eeze(R) is now an established product in the health care and cold remedy market. Effective October 1, 2004, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of JoEl, Inc., the previous manufacturer of the Cold-Eeze(R) lozenge product. This manufacturing entity, now called Quigley Manufacturing Inc. ("QMI"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, will continue to produce lozenge product along with performing such operational tasks as warehousing and shipping the Company's Cold-Eeze(R) products. In addition, QMI, which is an FDA approved facility, produces a variety of hard and organic candy for sale to third party customers in addition to performing contract manufacturing activities for non-related entities. The Cold-Eeze(R) products reported an improved sales performance in 2005 due to effective product support by means of media and in-store advertising; the introduction of new Cold-Eeze(R) flavors; and increased consumer demand for Cold-Eeze(R) as indicated by Information Resources Incorporated (IRI) data. During 2005, the margin of the Cold Remedy segment was improved as a result of the impact of the Cold-Eeze(R) now being produced by the manufacturing subsidiary and forming part of the consolidated results of the Company. However, these gains were offset by substantially lower gross profit margins on the Contract Manufacturing segment's non cold remedy sales and non-manufacturing operating costs of the manufacturing subsidiary being included in current operations rather than being carried as inventory and cost of sales as was the case prior to October 1, 2004.
Our Health and Wellness segment is operated through Darius International Inc. ("Darius"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company which was formed in January 2000 to introduce new products to the marketplace through a network of independent distributor representatives. Darius is a direct selling organization specializing in proprietary health and wellness products. The formation of Darius has provided diversification to the Company in both the method of product distribution and the broader range of products available to the marketplace, serving as a balance to the seasonal revenue cycles of the Cold-Eeze(R) branded products. This segment's 2005 net sales remained relatively unchanged compared to 2004 due to a decline in the number of active domestic independent distributor representatives, which was offset by this segment's gain in international sales of 54.3%.
In January 2001, the Company formed an Ethical Pharmaceutical segment, Quigley Pharma Inc. ("Pharma"), that is under the direction of its Executive Vice President and Chairman of its Medical Advisory Committee. Pharma was formed for the purpose of developing naturally derived prescription drugs. Pharma is currently undergoing research and development activity in compliance with regulatory requirements. The Company is in the initial stages of what may be a lengthy process to develop these patent applications into commercial products. The Company continues to invest significantly with ongoing research and development activities of this segment.
Future revenues, costs, margins, and profits will continue to be influenced by the Company's ability to maintain its manufacturing availability and capacity together with its marketing and distribution capabilities and the requirements associated with the development of Pharma's potential prescription drugs in order to continue to compete on a national and international level. The continued expansion of Darius is dependent on the Company retaining existing independent distributor representatives and recruiting additional active representatives both internationally and within the United States, continued conformity with government regulations, a reliable information technology system capable of supporting continued growth and continued reliable sources for product and materials to satisfy consumer demand.
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EFFECT OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS NO. 151, "INVENTORY COSTS" ("SFAS 151"). SFAS 151 amends the guidance in Chapter 4 of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, "Inventory Pricing" to clarify the accounting for amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and wasted material. SFAS 151 requires that these types of items be recognized as current period charges as they occur. The provisions of SFAS 151 are effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement 123 (revised 2004),"SHARE-BASED PAYMENT." The standard eliminates the disclosure-only election under the prior SFAS 123 and requires the recognition of compensation expense for stock options and other forms of equity compensation based on the fair value of the instruments on the date of grant. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. In March 2005, the Securities & Exchange Commission (the "SEC") issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, "Share-Based Payment" ("SAB 107"). SAB 107 summarizes the views of the SEC staff regarding the interaction between SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment" ("SFAS 123R") and certain SEC rules and regulations, and is intended to assist in the initial implementation of SFAS 123R, which for the Company is required by the beginning of its fiscal year 2006. The Company had no unvested options as of December 31, 2005 and therefore the adoption of this standard will not have an impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows.
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement 153,"EXCHANGES OF NONMONETARY ASSETS, AN AMENDMENT OF APB OPINION NO.29." The standard is based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged and eliminates the exception under APB Opinion No. 29 for an exchange of similar productive assets and replaces it with an exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. The standard is effective for nonmonetary exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. The adoption of SFAS No. 153 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
In May 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement 154, "ACCOUNTING CHANGES AND ERROR CORRECTIONS, A REPLACEMENT OF APB OPINION NO. 20 AND FASB STATEMENT NO. 3." The standard requires retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle unless it is deemed impracticable. The standard states that a change in method of depreciation, amortization or depletion for long-lived, non-financial assets be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate that is affected by a change in accounting principle. The standard is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations as a result of the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 154 cannot be determined.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company is organized into four different but related business segments, Cold Remedy, Health and Wellness, Contract Manufacturing and Ethical Pharmaceutical. When providing for the appropriate sales returns, allowances, cash discounts and cooperative advertising costs, each segment applies a uniform and consistent method for making certain assumptions for estimating these provisions that are applicable to that specific segment. Traditionally, these provisions are not material to net income in the Health and Wellness and Contract Manufacturing segments. The Ethical Pharmaceutical segment does not have any revenues.
The product in the Cold Remedy segment, Cold-Eeze(R), has been clinically proven in two double-blind studies to reduce the severity and duration of common cold symptoms. Accordingly, factors considered in estimating the appropriate sales returns and allowances for this product include it being: a unique product with limited competitors; competitively priced; promoted; unaffected for remaining shelf life as there is no expiration date; monitored for inventory levels at major customers and third-party consumption data, such as Information Resources, Inc. ("IRI").
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At December 31, 2005 and 2004 the Company included reductions to accounts receivable for sales returns and allowances of $635,000 and $1,109,000, respectively, and cash discounts of $178,000 and $92,000, respectively. Additionally, current liabilities at December 31, 2005 and 2004 include $1,067,072 and $743,000, respectively for cooperative advertising costs.
The roll-forward of the sales returns and allowance reserve ending at December 31 is as follows:
Account - Sales Returns & Allowances 2005 2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning balance $1,109,171 $403,850
Provision made for future charges relative to sales for each period 678,127 1,414,796
presented
Current provision related to discontinuation of Cold-Eeze(R) nasal spray 183,716 625,756
Actual returns & allowances recorded in the current period presented (1,336,434) (1,335,231)
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Ending balance $634,580 $1,109,171
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The reduction in the 2005 provision as compared to 2004 was principally due to the initiation of specific limits on product returns from customers, greater product acceptance and further enhanced evaluation of return requests from customers relative to the Cold Remedy segment.
Management believes there are no material charges to net income in the current period, related to sales from a prior period.
REVENUE
Provisions to reserves to reduce revenues for cold remedy products that do not have an expiration date, include the use of estimates, which are applied or matched to the current sales for the period presented. These estimates are based on specific customer tracking and an overall historical experience to obtain an effective applicable rate, which is tested on an annual basis and reviewed quarterly to ascertain the most applicable effective rate. Additionally, the monitoring of current occurrences, developments by customer, market conditions and any other occurrences that could affect the expected provisions relative to net sales for the period presented are also performed.
A one percent deviation for these consolidated reserve provisions for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 would affect net sales by approximately $599,000, $481,000 and $455,000, respectively. A one percent deviation for cooperative advertising reserve provisions for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 could affect net sales by approximately $352,000, $275,000 and $241,000, respectively.
The reported results include a remaining returns provision of approximately $184,000 and $626,000 at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively in the event of future product returns following the discontinuation of the Cold-Eeze(R) Cold Remedy Nasal Spray product in September 2004.
INCOME TAXES
The Company has recorded a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets. Management believes that this allowance is required due to the uncertainty of realizing these tax benefits in the future. The uncertainty arises because the Company may incur substantial research and development costs in its Ethical Pharmaceutical segment.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005 COMPARED WITH SAME PERIOD 2004
Net sales for 2005 were $53,658,043 compared to $43,947,995 for 2004, reflecting an increase of 22.1% in 2005. Revenues, by segment, for 2005 were Cold Remedy, $29,284,651; Health and Wellness, $20,473,050; and Contract Manufacturing, $3,900,342, as compared to 2004 when the revenues for each respective segment were $22,834,249, $20,361,391 and $752,355.
The Cold Remedy segment reported a sales increase in 2005 of $6,450,402 or 28.2%. During 2005 the Company continued to strongly support the Cold-Eeze(R) product line through media and in-store advertising and the introduction of new Cold-Eeze(R) flavors thereby increasing the profile of the product through line extension. Cold-Eeze(R) product unit consumption increased by 27% in 2005 as measured by Information Resources Incorporated (IRI) data.
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The Health and Wellness segment's net sales increased in 2005 by $111,659 or 0.5%. International sales for this segment increased by 54.3% due to an increase in the number of independent international distributor representatives in 2005 with offset due to a decline in the number of active domestic independent distributor representatives.
The Contract Manufacturing segment refers to the third party sales generated by QMI. In addition to the manufacture of the Cold-Eeze(R) product, QMI also manufactures a variety of hard and organic candies under its own brand names along with other products on a contract manufacturing basis for other customers. Sales for this segment in 2005 increased by $3,147,887 as the 2004 period consisted of three months activity.
Cost of sales from continuing operations for 2005 as a percentage of net sales was 48.1%, compared to 53.6% for 2004. The cost of sales percentage for the Cold Remedy segment decreased in 2005 by 6.2% primarily due to the impact of the discontinuation of the nasal spray product in 2004 and the conclusion of the Company's royalty obligations to the founders in May 2005. The 2004 nasal product discontinuation negatively impacted net sales by approximately $680,000 and resulted in an additional expense to cost of sales of approximately $672,000 due to obsolete product and materials. Remaining variations between the years is largely the result of product mix. The cost of sales percentage for the Health and Wellness segment increased in 2005 by 1.6% largely attributable to costs associated with increased international sales activity, product mix and variations in the independent distributor representative commission cost. The 2005 consolidated cost of sales was favorably impacted as a result of the consolidation effects of the manufacturing facility as it relates to Cold-Eeze(R). These gross profit gains of the Cold Remedy segment were offset by substantially lower gross profit margins for the Contract Manufacturing segment, which is significantly lower than the other operating segments.
Selling, marketing and administrative expenses for 2005 were $21,070,307 compared to $16,960,313 in 2004. The increase in 2005 was primarily due to increased sales brokerage commission costs of $816,000 due to significantly improved sales performance; the addition of Quigley Manufacturing Inc., for the whole of 2005 resulted in increased selling and administration costs of $1,276,459; insurance costs increased by $435,920, with the remaining increase largely due to increased payroll costs. Selling, marketing and administrative expenses, by segment, in 2005 were Cold Remedy $13,519,967, Health and Wellness $5,249,296, Pharma $724,394 and Contract Manufacturing $1,576,650, as compared to 2004 of $11,068,726, $5,098,834, $492,562 and $300,191, respectively.
Research and development costs for 2005 and 2004 were $3,784,221 and $3,232,569, respectively. Principally, the increase in research and development expenditure was the result of decreased cold-remedy related product testing costs in 2005 compared to the prior year, offset by increased Pharma study costs of approximately $756,000 in 2005.
During 2005, the Company's major operating expenses of salaries, brokerage commissions, promotion, advertising, and legal costs accounted for approximately $16,922,587 (68.1%) of the total operating expenses of $24,854,528, an increase of 31.2% over the 2004 amount of $12,900,314 (63.9%) of total operating expenses of $20,192,882, largely the result of increased sales brokerage commission costs and increased payroll costs in 2005. The 2005 amounts reflect the inclusion of QMI for the twelve months of 2005 compared to three months in 2004.
Total assets of the Company at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were $35,975,639 and $31,529,756, respectively. Working capital increased by $2,829,352 to $20,682,262 at December 31, 2005. The primary influences on working capital during 2005 were: the increase in cash balances, increased account receivable balances due to increased sales, increased inventory on hand as a result of increased sales including international activity; increased accrued royalties and sales commissions as a result of litigation between the Company and the developer of Cold-Eeze(R) and increased advertising payable balances due to increased advertising activity in the latter part of 2005 and related seasonal factors.
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 COMPARED WITH SAME PERIOD 2003 Revenues from continuing operations for 2004 were $43,947,995 compared to $41,499,163 for 2003, reflecting an increase of 5.9% in 2004. Revenues, by segment, for 2004 were Cold Remedy, $22,834,249; Health and Wellness, $20,361,391; and Contract Manufacturing, $752,355, as compared to 2003 when the revenues for each respective segment were $20,474,969, $21,024,194 and zero. The Contract Manufacturing segment refers to the third party sales generated by QMI. In addition to the manufacture of the Cold-Eeze(R) product, QMI also manufactures a variety of hard and organic candies under its own brand names along with other products on a contract manufacturing basis for other customers. The 2004 revenues for the Cold Remedy segment were negatively affected by the discontinuation of the nasal spray product, reducing the 2004 revenues by approximately $680,000 as a result of actual and anticipated product returns. Notwithstanding the discontinuation of the nasal spray product, the Cold Remedy segment reported increased revenues which may be attributable to strategic media advertising during the early part of the cold season, strong trade and consumer product promotions, and media attention during the fourth quarter of 2004
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following the reported scarcity of flu vaccine products. The Health and Wellness segment reported reduced revenues in 2004 of $662,803 over the prior year. This segment experienced a reduction in domestic sales which were offset by increased sales to international markets of 135%.
Cost of sales from continuing operations for 2004 as a percentage of net sales was 53.6%, compared to 51.8% for 2003. The cost of sales percentage for the Cold Remedy segment increased in 2004 by 4.7% primarily due to the impact of the discontinuation of the nasal spray product. The discontinuation negatively impacted net sales by approximately $680,000 and resulted in an additional expense to cost of sales of approximately $672,000 due to obsolete product and materials. Remaining variations between the years is largely the result of product mix. The cost of sales percentage for the Health and Wellness segment increased in 2004 by 1.2% largely attributable to a charge of approximately $200,000 related to a reserve for expected obsolete inventory.
Selling, marketing and administrative expenses from continuing operations for 2004 were $16,960,313 compared to $16,010,164 in 2003. The increase in 2004 was primarily due to increased media advertising of $892,771, largely related to the commencement of Cold-Eeze(R) advertising activity earlier in the 2004/2005 cold season compared to prior year. Selling, marketing and administrative expenses, by segment, in 2004 were Cold Remedy $11,068,726, Health and Wellness $5,098,834, Pharma $492,562 and Contract Manufacturing $300,191, as compared to 2003 when these expenses for each respective segment were $10,061,349, $5,396,696, $552,119 and zero.
Research and development costs from continuing operations in 2004 and 2003 were $3,232,569 and $3,365,698, respectively. Principally, the decrease in research and development expenditure was the result of decreased Cold Remedy related product testing costs in 2004 compared to the prior year, which were offset by increased Pharma study costs of approximately $261,000.
During 2004, the Company's major operating expenses of salaries, brokerage commissions, promotion, advertising, and legal costs accounted for approximately $12,900,314 (64%) of the total operating expenses of $20,192,882, an increase of 13.9% over the 2003 amount of $11,328,608, largely the result of increased media advertising and payroll costs in 2004.
Revenues of CPNP (discontinued operations) for the twelve months periods ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 were zero and $59,824, respectively, and net losses for the same periods were zero and $54,349. The results of CPNP are presented as discontinued operations in the Statements of Operations.
Total assets of the Company at December 31, 2004 and 2003 were $31,529,756 and $26,269,759, respectively. Working capital decreased by $404,444 to $17,852,910 at December 31, 2004. The primary influences on working capital during 2004 were: the increase in cash balances, decreased account receivable balances due to attentive collections, reductions in inventory on hand as a result of increased revenues; increased liabilities due to current portion of long term debt of $428,571 related to the acquisition of certain assets, (primarily property, plant and equipment), and assumption of certain liabilities of the former contract manufacturer, JoEl, Inc., now QMI, along with the inclusion of assets and liabilities relating to QMI at December 31, 2004, and the increase in advertising payable balances due to increased advertising activity in the latter part of 2004.
MATERIAL COMMITMENTS AND SIGNIFICANT AGREEMENTS
Effective October 1, 2004, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of JoEl, Inc., the sole manufacturer of the Cold-Eeze(R) lozenge product. As part of the acquisition, the Company entered into a loan obligation in the amount of $3.0 million payable to PNC Bank, N.A. The loan is collateralized by mortgages on real property located in each of Lebanon, Pennsylvania and Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania and was used to finance the majority of the cash portion of the purchase price. The Company can elect interest rate options of either the Prime Rate or LIBOR plus 200 basis points. The loan is payable in eighty-four equal monthly principal payments of $35,714 commencing November 1, 2004, and such amounts payable are reflected in the consolidated balance sheet as current portion of long-term debt amounting to $428,571 and long term debt amounting to $1,035,715. The Company is in compliance with all related loan covenants.
With the exception of the Company's Cold-Eeze(R) lozenge product, the Company's products are manufactured by outside sources. The Company has agreements in place with these manufacturers, which ensure a reliable source of product for the future.
The Company has agreements in place with independent brokers whose function is to represent the Company's Cold-Eeze(R) products, in a product sales and promotion capacity, throughout the United States and internationally. The brokers are remunerated through a commission structure, based on a percentage of sales collected, less certain deductions.
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The Company has maintained a separate representation and distribution agreement relating to the development of the zinc gluconate glycine product formulation. In return for exclusive distribution rights, the Company must pay the developer a 3% royalty and a 2% consulting fee based on sales collected, less certain deductions, throughout the term of this agreement, which is due to expire in 2007. However, the Company and the developer are in litigation and as such, no potential offset from such litigation for these fees have been recorded. A founder's commission totaling 5%, on sales collected, less certain deductions, has been paid to two of the officers of the Company, who are also directors and stockholders of the Company, and whose agreements expired in May 2005. The expenses for the respective periods relating to such agreements amounted to $1,745,748, $2,058,965 and $1,805,294 for the twelve months periods ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Amounts accrued for these expenses at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were $2,077,411 and $1,129,654, respectively.
The Company has an agreement with the former owners of the Utah-based direct marketing and selling company, whereby they receive payments, currently totaling 5% of net sales collected, for exclusivity, consulting, marketing presentations, confidentiality and non-compete arrangements. Amounts paid or payable under such agreement during 2005, 2004 and 2003 were $838,607, $800,881 and $880,091, respectively. Amounts payable under such agreement at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were $58,597 and $60,876, respectively.
Certain operating leases for office and warehouse space maintained by the Company resulted in rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, of $227,701, $335,226, and $255,078, respectively. The future minimum lease obligations under these operating leases are approximately $240,000.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company had working capital of $20,682,262 and $17,852,910 at December 31, . . .
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