Guiding Principles for U.S. Post-Conflict Policy in Iraq
Report of an Independent Working Group Cosponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations and the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy of Rice University Edward P. Djerejian and Frank G. Wisner, Co-Chairs Rachel Bronson and Andrew S. Weiss, Project Co-Directors
KEY RECOMMENDATIONS Given the above analyses, the Working Group recommends: • issuing official U.S. statements guaranteeing Iraqi sovereignty and territorial integrity and the preservation of Iraq's full national ownership and control over its resources; • crafting a public diplomacy campaign that explains the need to secure oil facilities and assures skeptical publics that the United States has no aims to "take over" Iraqi oil assets; • ensuring that the U.S. military has the requisite information to identify the assets that could, if severely damaged or destroyed during military hostilities, substantially delay resumption of the Iraqi oil export program; • de-politicizing and preserving the UN oil-for-food distribution mechanism in order to handle oil export programs during hostilities and immediately thereafter; • drawing on UNSCR 1284 to help Iraqis rationalize their oil sector and develop strategies to access foreign oil company assistance and investment; • leveling the playing field for awarding energy sector contracts by supporting a transparent and competitive tendering process; • supporting the creation of an international consortium to work with Iraqi industrialists and create a road map for the reconstruction and expansion of Iraq's oil sector; and • establishing a legal framework within the UN, as early as possible, to handle claims by oil firms holding oil field contracts in Iraq to prevent lawsuits from delaying future development.
TIMELINE THE THREE-PHASED APPROACH Short-Term Medium-Term Long-Term Emergency Transitional Government with Iraqi Advisers Internationally and UN- Supervised Iraqi Government Sovereign Iraqi Government Duration* Up to 2 months following cessation of hostilities 3-24 months 2 years Led by Commander U.S./coalition forces Iraqi leadership working closely with UN secretarygeneral representative and senior U.S. deputy Fully sovereign Iraqi leadership Key Security Objectives WMD disarmament
Implementation of cessation of hostilities agreement
Establishment/maintenance of law and order Defense of Iraq's territorial integrity: protection of borders/key energy production centers Deploy coalition forces to key population centers Finalization of arrangements for long-term monitoring and dismantling of WMD capabilities Internationally supervised re-training of Iraqi military Internationally supervised re-training of Iraqi police force Iraq free of WMD No longer threatening neighbors Routinization of WMD disarmament monitoring programs Consolation of Iraqi security arrangements Integration into international community Key Economic Objectives Open/protect key lines of communication and transportation Staunch decreasing oil production, led by Iraqi experts Clarify existing oil production agreements Support the establishment of an Iraqi-led international consortium to address Iraq's oil industry needs Support Iraqi efforts to reach pre-1990 oil production level Identification and prioritization of reconstruction and rehabilitation projects Reschedule foreign debt Redesign formula for reparations An economy based on free market principles A rehabilitated oil sector Key Governance Objectives Obtain UNSCR outlining post- Saddam broad objectives Continue close consultations with Iraqi leaders inside and outside the country Identification and detention of senior-most supporters of regime Develop criteria for de- Saddamization Support removal of senior Ba'ath leaders (led by Iraqis and international community) Support resumption of government operations Conduct census Preparations of legal proceedings, with Iraqi and international participation, for those accused of crimes against humanity Appointment of Iraqi Consultative Assembly Preservation of internal cohesion/territorial integrity A government based on democratic principles A government representative of Iraq's diverse population True power- and revenue-sharing Upholding fundamental individual and group human rights An all Iraqi-led government A more binding Iraqi constitution
28 Short Term Medium Term Long Term Emergency Transition Government with Iraqi Advisers Internationally and UN- Supervised Iraqi Government Sovereign Iraqi Government Key Governance Objectives (cont.) Lay groundwork for the assembly of UN-supervised Iraqi interim administration Establish Iraqi advisory committees throughout Baghdad and provinces, to include members of the external opposition Distribution of humanitarian assistance Reconfigure oil-for-food distributive mechanism Resumption of basic services Protection of refugees and control of refugee flows Local and parliamentary elections Security Council resolution acknowledging completion of the process and allowing for full re-entry into the international community * The Working Group advocates pursuing an objectives-driven approach to Iraq. Achieving key objectives is more important than the estimated duration. Note: All activity must be accompanied by an active U.S. public diplomacy campaign to explain to the Iraqi people and the international community what is happening in Iraq along with U.S. objectives and intentions.
as seen on page 34 in the "Guiding Principles for U.S. Post-Conflict Policy in Iraq" report published by the Council on Foreign Relations [CFR] if you don't feel like reading the whole report just take a look at the last 3 pages, "the three phased approach" the paper suggests is outlined in a chart. there is another interesting article on that site:
Reconstruction: A Checklist for Would-be Nation-builders in Baghdad After the Fall of Saddam
It is the gist of that 35 pages paper. Some of it sounds like the list my mother would have given my baby-sitter. Go slow, but steady, on democracy. Strengthen Ties that Bind. Mind the neighbors.
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