"the difference between a "Company" and a "Corporation" is...."
---> Correct me if I'm wrong...... A Company -- the owner can be personally liable.(Not nec. a corp.) A Corporation - the owners personal assets are protected.
A company is any business. A group of people working together -- see websters dictionary.
A corporation is a protected entity where shares are issued to investors. The officers of the company are bound by different tax rules, drawing a salary and taxed on the salary.
The advantage of a plain-jane business is that the owner isn't taxed twice as might be the case in corporation.
..... you CPA's and tax guys out there can describe this better than I can... and I'm sure know more too.