<<I thought companies did a fair amount of research to make sure of reimbursement and optimize total revenue.>>
ghmm, not meaning to sound snarky - I'm in more than usually cynical mood today - but there really isn't much research to be done beyond 'what did the last guy get away with' is there? It's never been clear what research with CMS and private payors would look like, for instance, unless it's politespeak for paying someone off.
If you have a worldwide drug, you might try to estimate how much pricing differential you can get away with and what price the most aggressive purchasers like NICE will insist upon relative to your product's proven QALY benefit. But you could save a lot of overhead by assuming that the profit-maximizing strategy treats the US as the patsy market that will pay anything you ask, so go after that and let the (rev and profit-wise) nearly insignificant NICE chips fall where they may.