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When Abraham Lincoln Tried to Resettle Free Black Americans in the Caribbean

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Cabinet Minister Amihay Eliyahu ... Asked in a radio interview about a hypothetical nuclear option, replied: "That's one way."

Well, there you go. Nuke 'em it is.
Or just deport them all to .... somewhere.
Israel’s far-right wants to move Palestinians out of Gaza. Its ideas are gaining attention"

Lincoln wanted to end slavery—but wasn’t keen on integrating African Americans into US society. His first attempt to send them offshore proved disastrous.

By: Farrell Evans
Published: February 10, 2022


Historic Images/Alamy Stock Photo

On the night of December 31, 1862, a day before he issued the final Emancipation Proclamation to effectively end slavery in America, President Abraham Lincoln signed a contract with Bernard Kock, an entrepreneur and Florida cotton planter. Their agreement: to use federal funds to relocate 5,000 formerly enslaved people from the United States to Île à Vache (“Cow Island”), a small, 20-square-mile island off the southwestern coast of Haiti.

Since the early 1850s, Lincoln had been advancing colonization as a remedy for the gradual emancipation of the nation’s enslaved. While he strongly opposed the institution of slavery, he didn’t believe in racial equality, or that people of different races could successfully integrate. And unleashing nearly 4 million Black people into white American society—North or South—was a political nonstarter. So despite the fact that most Black Americans in the 1850s had been born on U.S. soil, Lincoln advocated shipping them to Central America, the Caribbean or “back” to Africa. “If as the friends of colonization hope…[we] succeed in freeing our land from the dangerous presence of slavery; and, at the same time, in restoring a captive people to their long-lost father-land,” Lincoln said during his eulogy for statesman Henry Clay in 1852, “it will indeed be a glorious consummation.”

“Lincoln saw colonization as a practical solution to the millions freed by the Emancipation Proclamation,” wrote Jayme Ruth Spencer, a scholar of the Île à Vache effort. “Thus the proclamation would satisfy those who wished for emancipation of the Negro as well as those who feared that the freed slave would overrun the North.”

More - https://www.history.com/news/abraham-lincoln-black-resettlement-haiti

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Am I an American?
President Trump’s tirade against four minority congresswomen prompts the question: Whom does he consider to be American?
11:15 AM ET
Ibram X. Kendi
I live in envy. I envy the people who know their nationality. All the people whose nationality has never been a question in their mind.
[...]
Colonization emerged as the most popular solvent of the race problem before the Civil War, advocated by nearly every president from Jefferson to Abraham Lincoln. Slaveholders increasingly desired to rid the nation of the emancipated Negro. And moderate Americans increasingly advocated gradual emancipation and colonization, telling the anti-racists that immediate emancipation was impractical and impossible in the way that anti-racists are told immediate equality is impractical and impossible today.

At the founding of the American Colonization Society in 1816, Representative Henry Clay of Kentucky, the future presidential candidate and “Great Compromiser,” gave voice to what we now call Trumpism, the savaging of people of color and the countries of people of color to hold up white Americanness.

David Frum: Trump is baiting Democrats

“Can there be a nobler cause that that which, whilst it proposes to rid our country of a useless and pernicious, if not dangerous portion of its population, contemplates the spreading of the arts of civilized life, and the possible redemption from ignorance and barbarism of a benighted quarter of the globe!”

The moderate strategized then, as the moderate still do now, based on what was required to soothe white sensibilities. As the clergyman Robert Finley wrote in Thoughts on the Colonization of Free Blacks in 1816, through colonization, “the evil of slavery will be diminished and in a way so gradual as to prepare the whites for the happy and progressive change.”

Some black people advocated back-to-Africa campaigns or relocated there, convinced American racism was permanent, convinced they could create a better life for themselves alongside their African kin. But many, perhaps most, black people resisted colonization schemes from their beginning. This is “the land of our nativity,” thousands of black Philadelphians resolved in 1817. Still colonization recycled through time, on the basis that the black race could never “be placed on an equality with the white race,” as Lincoln lectured a delegation of black men on August 14, 1862. The abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison corrected Lincoln: “It is not their color, but their being free, that makes their presence here intolerable.”

President Andrew Johnson did everything he could to keep us slaves. His successor, Ulysses S. Grant, tired of alienating racist Americans from the Republican Party every time he sent federal troops to defend our right to live, vote, thrive, and hold political office from Ku Klux Klansmen led by men such as Nathan Bedford Forrest, whom Tennessee honored with his own day on Saturday.

Adam Serwer: Trump tells America what kind of nationalist he is

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Germany 1932 Vs. United States Of America 2016: The Delusion Of American Exceptionalism
11/03/2016 05:56 pm ET
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What bears comparison is the relationship of the American electorate now and German voters in 1932. What does Trump’s success to date say about the “exceptionalism” of the American people? His level of hard-core support is probably comparable to that of Hitler, when the latter ran for office. But, Hitler’s base was not sufficient to get power. To do that he had to enlist the help of others who might have found him somewhat distasteful on various grounds: aristocrats, wealthy businessmen, military officers, members of right-wing political parties, as well as ordinary citizens. They might not have signed on for all the elements of his platform, let alone what he ended up doing when they no longer had the power to stop him.

Trump also has his hard-core xenophobic, racist and sexist constituency, who will support him unless he makes a speech saying he has been joking all along and doesn’t believe anything he is saying. But to have even come close in polls he has drawn the support of over 80 percent of those who identify as Republicans, even if some supported a Rubio, Cruz, Bush, Kasich or Carson in the primaries. These Trump voters have found some reason it’s better to have him rather than Clinton; his willingness to keep taxes low for the wealthy; who he will nominate for the Supreme Court; his opposition to all gun control; his recent conversion to an anti-abortion stance; or simply, that he is a male. They may find him personally repulsive, but they don’t have to spend time in his company.

So, regardless who wins on November 8, the traditional version of American Exceptionalism should be discarded. Almost half the electorate is like many of the Germans of 1932. Perhaps worse. Trump, after all, initially had more support than Hitler (without mass unemployment in the U.S. or defeat in a world war). Moreover, we have the benefit of learning from their history. Perhaps we are inventing a new form of exceptionalism: a relatively prosperous, stable, imperfect democracy possibly electing an authoritarian, demagogic, bigoted, sexual predator and con man as President for no good reason at all.
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According to the Encyclopedia of Georgia History and Culture, "as early as 1820, black Americans had begun to return to their ancestral homeland through the auspices of the American Colonization Society." By 1847, the American Colonization Society founded Liberia, a land to be settled by black people returning from the United States of America.[19] Between 1822 and the American Civil War, the American Colonization Society had migrated approximately 15,000 free blacks back to Africa.[20]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-to-Africa_movement#American_Colonization_Society

Liberia ex-leader Charles Taylor get 50 years in jail
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