R&D refers to the work a business conducts toward the innovation, introduction, and improvement of its products and procedures. Price-to-innovation-adjusted earnings is calculated by adding any expenditure on R&D back to earnings and then calculating the P/E ratio for that company.
R&D refers to the work a business conducts toward the innovation, introduction, and improvement of its products and procedures. Price-to-innovation-adjusted earnings is calculated by adding any expenditure on R&D back to earnings and then calculating the P/E ratio for that company.
It's nothing like rent, utilities, payroll, taxes, etc.
Elite could cut all R&D right now, which means they would also cut 5-10 employees, which means they would be very profitable, as opposed to just "barely" profitable.