It would be wonderful if before posting one might look up the definitions of the words used. A "Patent Troll" is a non-practicing entity who goes around purchasing patents simply to assert them in lawsuits. Nothing could be further from the truth here, if you ACTUALLY do your due diligence. Malak was involved, intimately, with the development of this technology from its earliest days. The "shell" company which was used for financing and legal purposes was originally American Casting. As is common in the market, companies will often use a company with filings etc. already completed in order to proceed with an undertaking more expediently. When we see "Patent Trolls" out there, you will see a variety of patents being pursued on many fronts. The entire focus of Voip-pal over the long history of its existence and the various iterations of progress has been singular: Perfect and monetize THIS particular, individual patent suite. Therefore, my friend, you are mistaken in calling it a "patent troll".