>If an analyst/Research Firm "up grades" a stock to a Strong Buy, can folks monitor weather or not that firm starts selling on the up grade while telling everyone else that they recommend buying?<
You have to wait until the firm reports its quarterly holdings 45 days from the end of the calendar quarter and, even then, it can be hard to know what buying or selling they did when.
>Likewise, when that same firm down grades a stock, can they be monitored for buying activity as the pps goes down on the down grade?<
Ditto the above.
>Does the Gov/Sec monitor such activity?<
Not normally. The SEC seems to subscribe to the dubious notion that an investment bank's analysts and bankers are separated by a Chinese Wall.
In other words, what we have is a market in which pump and dump and bash and stash are everyday events.