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Chinese people: 2.8 billion people drinking unsafe http://www.creaders.net 2014-03-14 15:09:11 Beijing News [ 0 comments, view / comment]
In the case of residents exposed to environmental pollution in what? Environmental Protection Department yesterday released the first large-scale national study. The results show that China has 250 million inhabitants near residential areas key enterprises and major trunk roads, 2.8 billion people use unsafe drinking water.



250 million people in the "high-risk areas."
This large study called "China Environmental Exposure crowd behavior research." Environmental Health Sciences from speaking, "exposure" usually refers to human exposure to air or water pollution in time.

The results show that China's population is exposed to more polluted environment is not optimistic. Although the haze and other modern environmental health risks are increasing, but at the same time, traditional risk remains dominant.

As the planning and industrial layout reasons, China still has 110 million inhabitants within 1 km of residential surrounding the scope of petrochemical, coking, thermal and other key concern of polluting industries, there are 140 million traffic roads within 50 meters of residential surrounding. It seems that the Ministry of Environmental Protection, which is a high-risk areas, the environment should be established as soon as possible health risks sentinel surveillance, risk assessment and early warning.

In addition, there are 590 million people in the country to use the direct solid fuels for cooking indoors, 470 million people in the room using a direct solid fuel heating, 280 million people use unsafe drinking water. Ministry of Environmental Protection said, should accelerate the realization of clean energy and life quality, and accelerate the transformation of safe drinking water.

Rural residents exposed to air pollution in the longer

According to the report, between urban and rural residents exposed situation is very different. Urban residents per day for 3 hours of outdoor activities, respiratory volume per kg body weight per day is 250 liters, rural residents were 4.3 hours and 260 liters. The report analyzes, in the case of the same concentration of atmospheric pollutants, urban residents are exposed to health risks of air pollution, 70% of rural residents.

Our exposure patterns and foreign residents are also very different. Exposure from a health point of view could lead to the risk of water a day for drinking white water per unit weight of 31 ml of residents per capita, per person daily bath time is 7 minutes, a U.S. resident for the 13 ml and 17 minutes, respectively. Therefore, the concentration of pollutants in the water under the same circumstances, oral health risks of residents exposed to drinking water is 2.4 times the United States, the health risks of water through the skin is exposed to the U.S. 40%.

The study in 2011 to 2012 of China's 31 provinces and autonomous regions from a random sample of 18 permanent residents over the age of nearly 10 million people, the ministry said in a nationally representative sample has a good, but also on all the key aspects of the implementation of a strict quality control.

¦ dialogue

"Pollutant concentration = exposure time + health risk."

Participation in this research report Peking University School of Public Health Professor Pan Xiaochuan said, we have disclosed the concentration of pollutants, and now do a study effects of human exposure, which is great progress. The next study the pollutant concentration and can be added together to calculate the exposure mode to really study the health effects of environmental pollution due to the Chinese people suffered.

Beijing News: How do you evaluate this report?

Pan Xiaochuan: This report is very representative. Research on human health in terms of environmental contamination, the final thing to consider is the dose of inhaled pollutants, termed "effective dose intake," which has three parameters, the first is the concentration of pollutants, then human exposure risk, and finally put the two together before, the real effective dose into the body, this is the ultimate human exposure to environmental pollution and health effects.

Now, we have disclosed the concentration of pollutants, and now do a study of human exposure effect, which is to work to promote a new level, a lot of progress.

In addition, our country do before "human exposure" is a reference study European countries, but in fact the population of our country and European countries have very different exposure patterns. Now we have our own detailed research on scientific terms, a relatively strong reference value and reference.

Beijing News: in the end what is called "exposure"? How to understand?

Pan Xiaochuan: Risk "expose" the main consideration is the time, which is the probability of human exposure to contaminants. Human exposure to contaminants in the longer, the higher the probability, the greater the health effects suffered by, for example, you expose haze in four to five hours at the same concentration, certainly more than two hours being exposed to higher health risks.

But for health risks is another important parameter is the concentration, only the concentration enumerated, and can really affect the body actually come in contact with contaminants. For example, now come to the rural population exposed to the atmosphere for longer than urban population, but if high concentrations of air pollutants in urban than in rural areas, then the actual intake of pollutants in urban population is very high.

The same water quality as well, and now we say our residents to drink large than Americans, but there is no comparison of water quality. If the water inside the pollutants are more Chinese people because of the health risks that water will produce even greater than the Americans.

Beijing News: The next study what is it?

Pan Xiaochuan: Now this report is mainly exposed to the risk of doing that is population exposure to pollutants in time, but also did not consider the concentration of this factor. The next study the pollutant concentration and can be added together to calculate the exposure patterns, and even can be used for biological markers, such as urine, blood contamination case, to really study the health effects of environmental pollution due to the Chinese people suffered.

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