There are a number of companies and Universities that have worked on emulsified fuels like D-20 for years. In Europe they have been trying to move this into commercial trucking and bus applications for years. There are four real players already commercial in this segment (some as long as 10 years). Read the following document http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/diesel/altdiesel/a_spataru.pdf
On biodiesel this is nothing all that new. Companies have been trying to push biodiesel for years. There are over 300 fueling locations in the US today that offer B-20 which is a 20% biodiesel blend. The biggest consumer is trucking. The biggest impediment to the growth has been the engine manufacturers and their warranties.
In the US the biggest market for biodiesel today has been governmental agencies and municipal service providers. They will likely remain the largest consumer.
On applications like trains biodiesel has been looked at for a while. Berkshire Hathaway has instead centered their efforts on LNG since they have both the largest rail company and substantial investments in gas related industries. In addition with all of the shale gas and nat gas pricing it is really more competitive to ceter around LNG instead of diesel.
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