The "S" isomer isolated from anatabine would be considered a drug, therefore allowing FDA supervision and possibly fast track status. This is what I believe Star is moving forward on. Another drug company has taken fish oil, and concentrated an ingrediant, (DHA), and marketed it as a drug, and quite qickly. If this is the case, accelerated trials and reviews will be on the agenda, because of treating conditions that basically have no effective treatment. How fast this happens, I don't know, but much quicker than ordinary trials. If a Pharma steps up to partner, it will happen much sooner. JMHO.