Friday, June 21, 2013 11:38:38 PM
a triumph of physics, chemistry and engineering
This paper describes the history and science behind the development of modern flat-panel displays, and assesses future trends. Electronic displays are an important feature of modern life. For many years the cathode ray tube, an engineering marvel, was universal, but its shape was cumbersome and its operating voltage too high. The need for a flat-panel display, working at a low voltage, became imperative, and much research has been applied to this need. Any versatile flat-panel display will exploit an electro-optical effect, a transparent conductor and an addressing system to deliver data locally. The first need is to convert an electrical signal into a visible change. Two methods are available, the first giving emission of light, the second modulating ambient illumination. The most useful light-emitting media are semiconductors, historically exploiting III–V or II–VI compounds, but more recently organic or polymer semiconductors. Another possible effect uses gas plasma discharges. The modulating, or subtractive, effects that have been studied include liquid crystals, electrophoresis, electrowetting and electrochromism.
A transparent conductor makes it possible to apply a voltage to an extended area while observing the results. The design is a compromise, since the free electrons that carry current also absorb light. The first materials used were metals, but some semiconductors, when heavily doped, give a better balance, with high transmission for a low resistance. Delivering data unambiguously to a million or so picture elements across the display area is no easy task. The preferred solution is an amorphous silicon thin-film transistor deposited at each cross-point in an X–Y matrix.
Success in these endeavours has led to many applications for flat-panel displays, including television, flexible displays, electronic paper, electronic books and advertising signs.
Read much much more...
Recent OLED News
- Universal Display Corporation Establishes the Sherwin I. Seligsohn Innovation Award in Organic Electronics • Business Wire • 09/18/2024 10:30:00 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 09/13/2024 08:00:03 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Named to Fast Company’s Best Workplaces for Innovators List in Science & Technology • Business Wire • 09/11/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 09/10/2024 08:00:03 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 09/03/2024 08:00:06 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 08/30/2024 08:00:04 PM
- Form 144 - Report of proposed sale of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 08/29/2024 09:43:48 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Delivers Keynote Address and Announces Recipients of the 2024 UDC Innovative Research and Pioneering Technology Awards at IMID Korea • Business Wire • 08/28/2024 08:30:00 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Announces Participation at Upcoming Conferences • Business Wire • 08/08/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)] • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 08/01/2024 08:10:30 PM
- Form 8-K - Current report • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 08/01/2024 08:08:09 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Announces Quarterly Cash Dividend of $0.40 per Share • Business Wire • 08/01/2024 08:06:00 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Announces Second Quarter 2024 Financial Results • Business Wire • 08/01/2024 08:05:00 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 07/19/2024 08:00:03 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Announces Second Quarter 2024 Conference Call • Business Wire • 07/15/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Holds Virtual 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders • Business Wire • 06/20/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Universal Display Corporation to Commemorate 30th Anniversary by Ringing Nasdaq Closing Bell • Business Wire • 06/17/2024 12:30:00 PM
- Universal Display Corporation to Hold Virtual 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders • Business Wire • 06/06/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Universal Display Corporation Announces Participation at Upcoming Conferences • Business Wire • 05/21/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 05/15/2024 08:00:08 PM
- Universal Display Corporation to Exhibit and Present at SID Display Week 2024 • Business Wire • 05/09/2024 08:15:00 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 05/09/2024 08:00:17 PM
- Form 4 - Statement of changes in beneficial ownership of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 05/09/2024 08:00:12 PM
- Form 144 - Report of proposed sale of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 05/08/2024 06:28:09 PM
- Form 144 - Report of proposed sale of securities • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 05/07/2024 06:25:20 PM
North Bay Resources Commences Operations at Bishop Gold Mill, Inyo County, California; Engages Sabean Group Management Consulting • NBRI • Sep 25, 2024 9:15 AM
CEO David B. Dorwart Anticipates a Bright Future at Good Gaming Inc. Through His Most Recent Shareholder Update • GMER • Sep 25, 2024 8:30 AM
Cannabix Technologies and Omega Laboratories Inc. Advance Marijuana Breathalyzer Technology - Dr. Bruce Goldberger to Present at Society of Forensic Toxicologists Conference • BLOZF • Sep 24, 2024 8:50 AM
Integrated Ventures, Inc Announces Strategic Partnership For GLP-1 (Semaglutide) Procurement Through MedWell USA, LLC. • INTV • Sep 24, 2024 8:45 AM
Avant Technologies Accelerates Creation of AI-Powered Platform to Revolutionize Patient Care • AVAI • Sep 24, 2024 8:00 AM
VHAI - Vocodia Partners with Leading Political Super PACs to Revolutionize Fundraising Efforts • VHAI • Sep 19, 2024 11:48 AM