Agro Sector Ideas

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Monsanto -- >>> MIT study -- >>> Glyphosate’s Suppression of Cytochrome P450
Enzymes and Amino Acid Biosynthesis by the Gut
Microbiome: Pathways to Modern Diseases


Anthony Samsel 1 and Stephanie Seneff 2,*

1 Independent Scientist and Consultant, Deerfield, NH 03037, USA;
E-Mail: [e-mail]

2 Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA


Received: 15 January 2013; in revised form: 10 April 2013 / Accepted: 10 April 2013 /
Published:


Abstract: Glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup®, is the most popular herbicide
used worldwide. The industry asserts it is minimally toxic to humans, but here we argue
otherwise. Residues are found in the main foods of the Western diet, comprised primarily
of sugar, corn, soy and wheat. Glyphosate's inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes
is an overlooked component of its toxicity to mammals. CYP enzymes play crucial roles in
biology, one of which is to detoxify xenobiotics. Thus, glyphosate enhances the damaging
effects of other food borne chemical residues and environmental toxins. Negative impact
on the body is insidious and manifests slowly over time as inflammation damages cellular
systems throughout the body. Here, we show how interference with CYP enzymes acts
synergistically with disruption of the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids by gut bacteria,
as well as impairment in serum sulfate transport. Consequences are most of the diseases
and conditions associated with a Western diet, which include gastrointestinal disorders,
obesity, diabetes, heart disease, depression, autism, infertility, cancer and Alzheimer’s
disease. We explain the documented effects of glyphosate and its ability to induce disease,
and we show that glyphosate is the “textbook example” of exogenous semiotic entropy: the
disruption of homeostasis by environmental toxins. <<<



>>> An insidious issue with glyphosate is that its toxic effects on mammals take considerable time to be
overtly manifested. Studies on Wistar rats exposed to the highest levels of glyphosate allowed in water
for human consumption for 30 or 90 days showed enhanced lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase
activity, indicators of oxidative stress [44]. A long-term study conducted on rats showed remarkable
pathologies that became apparent only after the three-month period that is usually allotted for toxicity
trials. In this experiment, rats were monitored over their entire lifespan, while being fed either
genetically modified (GM) or non-GM maize that had been optionally treated with Roundup® [9]. The
rats that were chronically exposed to Roundup® developed several pathologies over the course of their
lifespan, including large mammary tumors in the females and gastrointestinal, liver and kidney
pathologies, especially in the males. The males developed both skin and liver carcinomas. Premature
death in the treated male rats was mostly due to severe hepatorenal insufficiencies. Other researchers
have shown that oral exposure to glyphosate in drinking water can induce DNA damage to mouse cells
drawn from blood and liver [45].

Researchers have discovered that Roundup® is sometimes much more toxic than glyphosate by itself... <<<


Full paper -

http://gmoevidence.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/GlyModern-diseaseSamsel-Seneff-13-1.pdf