Protagenic Therapeutics Inc. (PTIX)

[10452km2]

High River is beneficially owned by Mr. Carl C. Icahn, a beneficial holder, as of March 2, 2012, of approximately 16.7% of our outstanding shares. Mr. Brett C. Icahn, a director of the Company, is the son of Mr. Carl C. Icahn, and Mr. Hunter C. Gary, a director of the Company, is married to Mr. Carl C. Icahn's wife's daughter. The term loan as amended with High River was unanimously approved by the disinterested directors of the Company's Board of Directors.