Plastic2Oil Inc (PTOI)

[scion]

Conversion Of Waste Plastic To Petrol

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Conversion of Waste Plastic into Liquid Hydrocarbons / Energy
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The Invention: Zadgaonkars’ Process

Introduction

· Principals involved
All plastics are polymers mostly containing carbon and hydrogen and few other elements like chlorine, nitrogen etc. polymers are made up of small molecules called as monomers which combine and form single large molecule called polymer.

When this long chain of monomers breaks at certain points or when lower molecular weight fractions are formed this is termed as degradation of polymer. This is reverse of polymerization. If such scission of bonds occurs randomly it is called as ‘Random De-Polymerization’.

In the process of conversion of waste plastic into fuels random De-Polymerization is carried out in a specially designed Reactor in absence of oxygen & in the presence of coal and certain catalytic additive. The maximum reaction temperature is 350°C. There is Total conversion of waste plastic into value added fuel products.

Laboratory Scale/Bench Scale

Inventor Prof. Mrs. Alka Zadgaonkar started the basic research work for elimination of polymer waste in the year 1995. After five years of rigorous research, in the year 2000, 300 gm of plastic waste was successfully converted into liquid hydrocarbons. The reaction parameters viz. temperature, pressure and time for a batch were extremely high in initial stages. Subsequently these parameters were brought down to feasible level by formulating improved catalytic additives.

Inventor was quite aware of the fact that many laboratory scale inventions miserably failed after scaling up. Considering this important fact, inventor decided to scale up the lab-scale unit by 100 times and thus 30 Kg bench scale apparatus was designed.
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Following are the major observations and conclusions from the experiments by INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITIED (RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CENTRE)-
·
All the types of plastic waste including PVC & PET are converted into gases & liquid hydrocarbons.

·
The catalyst enhances the conversion of waste plastic in to hydrocarbons thereby improving quality & quantity of hydrocarbon gas and liquid products. Negligible Conversion was observed in absence of invented catalytic additives

·
Increase in the temperature and rate of heating increases the gas yield.
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Introduction of feed at higher temperature substantially reduces the process cycle time.
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Water from wet gas meter indicates presence of HCl in the gaseous fraction.
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Inorganic Chlorine is present in the gas and liquid products.
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PET bottles as a feed material – Analytical results of experiments using 100% PET bottles show that yield of liquid hydrocarbon is 60 wt%. There was no formation of carboxylic group. This confirms that it is possible to convert the PET material in to liquid hydrocarbon under the catalytic conditions of the developed process.
·
PVC as a feed material – Effect of catalytic conversion of pure PVC have been studied and the data shows the liquid yield of about 40 wt%. Further experiments were conducted for removal of chlorine from these products. Here de-chlorination step was incorporated prior to reaction step. It was observed that about 55% weight reduction after removal of Chlorine from the PVC.

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