Rorine International Holding Corp. (fka RIHC)

[AliAngel]

Overview:

The major worldwide environmental issues are global warming and shortages of available clean affordable fuel. The main cause of global warming, as determined by a consensus of the world leading scientists, is CO2 emissions. Currently most countries are expressing concern about this global problem. The first problematic issue is how to reduce the CO2 emissions. Most CO2 emissions are from automotive and transportation vehicles including ships, trains and airplanes. A second major source of CO2 emissions is from Incinerators and coal-fired power generators. Hence the production of affordable clean renewable energy has become a primary concern for countries and currently is one of the most important areas for new and innovative technologies. The second major concern is identifying new sources of clean and affordable energy. Pyrolysis technologies are currently attracting a great deal of attention world wide as these technologies are not only sources of renewable energy but also significantly reduce CO2 emissions.

QES Technologies:
QES is a proprietary technology which combines the Steam Direct-Heat and Indirect-Heat Pyrolysis technologies into one system and further incorporates a unique two stage pyrolysis and gasification process into the system. It encompasses all of the efficiencies of the various pyrolysis systems into one system, while eliminating any negatives that each one of those may have individually.

The QES2000 is our standard unit. Our mobile system/unit is model QES2000M.


High energy efficiency

Traditional pyrolysis technology uses the application of indirect heat to a thermal reaction chamber. Because the thermal conductive surface is small, it takes a significant amount of time and energy to decompose the organic compounds resulting in low efficiency. The other disadvantage is the problem of heat being applied from the surface to the interior of the feedstock material. When the heat contacts the surface of the material, it forms a crust which hinders penetration of heat to the interior of the material. This crust will result in an incomplete de-composition of the organic compounds. The carbon residue will also contain remnants of the organic compounds and creates secondary waste.

To solve this problem, the QES system uses steam as the main source to directly heat the material. It can easily bring heat through to the interior of the materials in order to completely de-compose the material. To generate the steam heat source required uses more energy. To overcome this problem, the QES system uses a unique energy recovery technology to generate steam by waste heat and create an indirect heating chamber from the same waste heat source. The heat source comes from the fuel gas produced from the waste pyrolysis. The reaction chamber will be heated by steam and indirect heat at the same time. It will increase the efficiency of energy use up to 85%. When the system commences pyrolysis to generate the fuel gas, enough fuel gas is produced to support the heat source for the system without any application of external energy thereby saving significant energy costs.

High quality by-products

The traditional pyrolysis system cannot completely de-compose carbon residue (char) leaving flammable organic compounds. As a result these by-products cannot be sold on the market. This is the major problem in a tire pyrolysis plant.

The QES steam system utilizes thermal indirect heat technology with steam- penetration characteristics, carbon residue will not only completely de-compose but also creates more absorption surface. It also can generate more fuel gas than any other pyrolysis system by the steam reacting with the carbon. The quality of carbon residue is adjustable using the QES system to produce a variety of carbon by-products ranging from carbon black to activated carbon. The following is a comparison:


QES (Steam + Indirect heat) system
Traditional cracking technology
(indirect heat)

Cracking time is 1-2 minutes/5 cm2
Creates complete cracking of organic materials.
Produces a high quality carbon black having a high surface area and iodine absorption rate.
Does not require the use of full vacuum.
Is continuous loading, high production rate.

Cracking takes a long time (10-30 min) for 5 cm2
Cracking of organic materials is incomplete.
Produces a carbon black having a low Iodine absorption surface area.
High vacuum required.

The Quality Of Carbon Black

Not all kinds of waste can produce carbon black. Carbon black or activated carbon can only be produced from waste tires, rubber, coal, wood, and straw. If the material is mixed such as food waste, MSW, hospital waste, E-waste, etc., it is impossible get a high quality carbon product, instead it may be used as organic fertilizer. QES uses steam to improve the quality of carbon by-products. The quality of carbon product depends on the following additional factors;

Activated temperature in Stage II: If the temperature is higher, the absorption value of carbon product is higher. The processing time is shorter.
Processing time in Stage II: If the processing time is longer, the absorption value of carbon product is higher.
The following table is only a reference.

The quality of Fuel Oil

The quality of fuel oil depends on the following conditions:
• Temperature of pyrolysis at Stage I process: The oil conversion rate is lower at higher temperatures.
• Condensing temperature: The condensing temperature will affect the flash point which is higher as condensing temperature is raised. The oil conversion rate is reduced at the higher flash points.

In the QES system, the quality fuel oil produced is controllable. The client can adjust the system on the control panel to get the most suitable fuel oil matching the market’s requirements.

The table is only a reference.

Pollution Controls

QES does not burn waste like an incinerator. To deal with complex wastes such as MSW, Hospital waste, E-waste, QES has three processes to eliminate air pollution. The first process is the QES pyrolysis process. It keeps most of the carbon as a by-product thereby reducing the CO2 emissions up to 80%. The second process is called “GASTEC”. It is a complicated fuel gas cleaning system. It not only has multi-stage condensers but also includes a gas cleaner to remove HCl, H2S, Dust, NHx, and Mercury. It will provide the system with clean fuel gas as a heat source.
The fuel gas will be burned in a 1200ºC heating chamber and will destroy any possible toxic material that may leak from GASTEC.
GASTEC includes an oil-water separator, oil filter system, and water treatment system. It treats the waste water and recycles the water back into the system. This waste water can be recycled when dealing with materials that do not contain chlorine such as used tires, or certain plastics except PVC. If the waste materials contain chlorine such as MSW, Hospital Waste, E-waste, PVC, the water must be chemically combined with a salt creating chemical and discharged and replacement water added.