Tuesday, September 22, 2009 10:12:21 PM
64 bit multiply-add - 200 pJ
read 64 bits from cache - 800 pJ
move 64 bits across chip - 2000 pJ
execute an instruction - 7500 pJ
read 64 bits from DRAM - 12000 pJ
Notice it costs 15X more energy to go to memory than
read data from cache. The execution of a multiply-
add instruction burns 97% of the energy in overhead
and 3% in the arithmetic circuits.
Also notice it is more energy efficient to redundantly
perform 9 separate multiply-add operations in different
locations across a chip than do it once in one location
and broadcast the result across the chip! (presuming
the operands were already widely distributed).
from IDF paper TCIS001, slide 19
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