Avid Bioservices Inc (CDMO)

[jazzbeerman]

Bart Haynes quote from Duke PR about his recent paper/discoveries
outlined in the August Journal of Virology-------------




Bart Haynes: (re: HIV vaccine design)

"It is becoming clearer why we have failed in our efforts to date, and what we need to confront to succeed in the future."

http://www.dukemednews.com/news/article.php?id=10364




HAYNES MOST RECENT PATENT APPLICATION - JULY 24 ------------


July 24, 2008 Haynes WIPO patent application ----------


"The time of appearance of antibodies in the development of acute HIV infection has been recently mapped and it has been shown that most
of the antibodies arise after a delay in the peak response to HIV envelope epitopes of approximately two to three weeks. Indeed, the most
protective antibodies, those that neutralize autologous virus, can be delayed for up to a year."

"To begin to understand the "delay" in induction of antibodies at the time of HIV transmission, the first question to be addressed was whether
there are immunosuppressive events, such as massive apoptosis, with release of phosphatidylserine microparticles at the time of viral load
ramp up during acute HIV infection."

"Apoptotic microparticles are the products of either activated or apoptotic cells, that are increased in the plasma of a number of diseases,
including autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, coronary artery disease
and other forms of heart disease, and chronic HIV-I infection."

"Apoptotic microparticles can bind to non-apoptotic cells and induce apoptosis, are procoagulant, proinflammatory, and can be
immunosuppressive for T and B cell responses to specific antigen."

"Thus, the massive apoptosis that occurs with acute HIV infection with resulting release of TRAIL, mediation of apoptosis via FAS-FASL
interactions, and release of PS containing viral and other particles, all conspire to initially immuno suppress the host, preventing rapid
protective B cell responses."

"Thus, the production of high levels of biologically active plasma mediators and byproducts of cell death during the first two to three weeks of
HIV- 1 transmission raises the notion that the window of opportunity for a preventive vaccine to work may be shorter than previously thought,
ie within the first 14-17 days of transmission, placing considerable constraints on the time available for development of robust anti-HIV-1
immunity following transmission."

"Inhibition of cell death and immunosuppressive MP mediated effects by a vaccine for HIV or other infectious agents may be important as
well. This could be accomplished, for example, by an HIV vaccine component inducing anti-lipid antibodies or antibodies against other
components of microparticles to facilitate clearance of microparticles and/or to block microparticle toxic effects."

"Another use of the data herein is as a rationale for the treatment of HIV-I. For example, antibodies against TNFR or TNF-alpha;,
antiphosphatidylserine antibodies or other inhibitors of cell death (Fas-Fc as an inhibitor of FAS-FAS ligand interactions and DR5-Fc as an
inhibitor of TRAIL DR5 interactions) can be used to inhibit cell death in HIV as a therapy."

http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wads.jsp?IA=US2008000412&LANGUAGE=EN&ID=id00000006622149&VOL=89&DOC=00fca1&WO=08/088747&WEEK=30/2008&TYPE=A2&DOC_TYPE=PAMPH&PAGE=1


-----------------


Haynes is saying that there is a reason that all HIV vaccines have failed, and that reason is the massive PS-exposing apoptotic debris. Haynes is saying that these PS-exposing microparticles must be dealt with for any hope of a successful vaccine.

Is there a more likely reason why they just recently ditched the big vaccine trial they were planning?

I don't think so.....

I think they realized it would fail, because they were not doing anything to address exposed PS.

I believe that the reason they just scrapped the big planned vaccine trial was specifically because of immunosuppressive exposed PS.

The most recent CHAVI progress report made it pretty obvious how the CHAVI / Gates work has now focussed on PS-exposing microparticles as what needs to be dealt with.

It's happening,

j