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Monday, December 10, 2007 3:40:51 PM
Frenzied crowds trampled women and children too slow to squeeze into the last of the cramped railway cars heading south before sundown. Two-bit criminals huddled in the shadows like ravenous turkey vultures, waiting to pick apart anything remotely valuable left behind. High-level hazmat teams in protective face masks and rubber suits combed the river banks with the latest, most sophisticated chemical testing kits.
What was once a thriving industrial city, in a matter of hours mutated into an uninhabitable
wasteland.
While this certainly sounds like an intriguing premise for the next Mad Max movie, it’s actually a
real-life scenario, which many believe to be a glimpse into the future.
On November, 13, 2005, a lethal dose of highly-toxic benzene was released into the Songhua River after an explosion at the China National Petroleum Company plant, hundreds of miles upstream in the Jilin province.
Within minutes, a river of malignant water began flowing toward Harbin--one of China’s biggest cities...
threatening to contaminate local water supplies.
When the polluted water finally hit the city, 3.8 million residents in the center of Harbin had no
water...period!
And it couldn’t have happened in a worse place.
China, which is undergoing a vast rural-to-urban population migration, is emblematic of the places where water has become scarce. It has the same amount of water as Canada but 100 times more people.
Per-capita water reserves there are only about a fourth the global average, according to experts. Of its 669 cities, 440 regularly suffer moderate to critical water shortages.
And according to the latest figures from the state environmental protection agency, an estimated 70% of China’s main rivers and lakes are so polluted, the water is completely undrinkable.
Fish can’t even live in over 31,000 miles of Chinese rivers.
In fact, a number of hydrologists, government officials and industrial leaders have declared water and waste pollution the single most serious issue facing China.
But it gets worse.
Because this water crisis isn’t being monopolized by China.
History of Water: No More, No Less
There is no more water on the earth today than there was hundreds of millions of years ago. There is no less either. We can’t make it or destroy it.
And while our planet may be over 70% covered with water, less than 2% of it is freshwater. . . you know, the stuff we need to survive.
Of that tiny 2%, some water is perpetually tied up as atmospheric moisture or as frozen saturated soil (permafrost) that we can never use. Put another way, if all the world’s water were in a one-gallon jug, fresh water wouldn’t account for even a teaspoon of it!
So if the amount of water has remained the same since the beginning of time, what’s the problem?
The simple answer: us.
Or, more specifically, the amount of us--and what we’ve done to our water supply over the last few hundred years.
You see, water was first formed about 4.5 billion years ago. We’ve been around for only 60,000 years. But in that time, our population has exploded.
And we’ve done it rather quickly. It took us all of history to break the 1 billion population barrier at the beginning of the 19th century. Since then, the world’s population has grown exponentially to over 6.5
billion. We now add about 75
people every 30 seconds.
That amount of people, coupled with expanding industry, pollution, and the associated problems have led to a Malthusian scenario--to say the least.
If nothing is done, by 2025 nearly two-thirds of the world’s population will be water stressed due to greater demands on freshwater resources by burgeoning human populations.
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