It is preclinical.
In addition to shRNA knockdown for that (deoxycytidine kinase), the patent also covers CD319, TGFRB2, CBL-B, CD52 and the glucocorticoid receptor.
You can start from the ground up. By that I mean select donors for T-cell phenotypes that correlate with complete responses. In R/R CLL it was CD8+CD27+PD-1- [1], while R/R LBCL, CD8+CCR7+CD27+ [2]. How you expand, with more than just cytokines [3,4]. The design of the CAR [5,6]. An additional signaling domain to improve in vivo expansion and/or persistence [7], as well as scFv-optimisation for targeting [8]. Also, remove exhausted and senescent cells, both before and after manufacturing.
This, with the stealth cells and shRNA knockout (hopefully, to other genes) that could be 'personalised,' would increase the depth and duration of responses across a broad range of types, including solid tumours.
Well, vaccines (DC, synthetic peptide, viral vector, and others) don't really show much, if any activity in patients with advanced/metastatic disease. The use of adoptive cell transfer does, with some patients being cured.
Agreed.
Refs:
1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-018-0010-1
2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1061-7
3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20696-x
4 https://jitc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40425-019-0804-9
5 https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.11.451980v1.full
6 https://www.cell.com/cancer-cell/fulltext/S1535-6108(21)00658-9
7 https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4478
8 https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-01791-1
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