Relief Therapeutics Holding AG (RLFTF)

[changes_iv]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition in which the kidneys do not work correctly. It has a high prevalence and represents a serious hazard to human health and estimated to affects hundreds of millions of people. Diabetes and hypertension are the two principal causes of CKD. The progression of CKD is characterized by the loss of renal cells and their replacement by extracellular matrix (ECM), independently of the associated disease. Thus, one of the consequences of CKD is glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis caused by an imbalance between excessive synthesis and reduced breakdown of the ECM.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5354133/

Dialysis requiring renal failure is a silent epidemic. Despite an annual mortality of 24% the dialysis population has increased by 1-4% per annum. Regardless of the initial injury, tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a feature of the renal pathology and it inversely correlates with declining renal function. Current agents display little efficacy against tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Clearly, therapies effective against tubulointerstitial fibrosis and able to preserve kidney function are needed. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has been shown to reverse pre-existing cardiac fibrosis. We sought to determine whether VIP is effective in tubulointerstitial fibrosis.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32014488/

For patients not covered by health insurance, a single hemodialysis treatment typically costs up to $500 or more -- or, about $72,000 or more per year for the typical three treatments per week. Injectable medications and vitamins can add hundreds of dollars to the cost, depending on what is prescribed.

https://www.google.com/search?q=national+cost+dialysis&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-us&client=safari

Between 5.3 and 10.5 million people require dialysis or transplantation, although many do not receive these treatments due to lack of resources or financial barriers.

https://www.theisn.org/blog/2020/11/27/more-than-850-million-worldwide-have-some-form-of-kidney-disease-help-raise-awareness/

Kidney interstitial fibrosis (IF) can be defined as the accumulation of collagen and related molecules in the interstitium. Interstitial collagen is normally present in the kidney, particularly type I and III, which serve as structural scaffolding.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3354760/

Results: Interstitial fibrosis performed well overall as a predictor of progression to dialysis. On average, patients with >50% fibrosis progressed more rapidly than those with either 25-49 or 0-24% fibrosis with a median time to dialysis of 1.2, 6.5 and >10 years, respectively.

https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/449511

DIALYSIS??? MY GOD, WHAT IS THIS, THE DARK AGES???