About the EV...
I've been thinking about this, and have come up with one idea that might work. I was in the US navy for 8 years, and rode diesel electric submarines. In those, there were two rooms made up of batteries under the deck, the the diesel engines were used solely to charge those batteries. The batteries provided the propulsion to move the sub.
So, how could a car charge while it is in motion?
One way would be to make it a battery powered car, but have a small gas engine that simply charged the batteries as needed. No big engine to drive the car, but it would require fuel to run the generator. In addition, some battery recharging could be done as it is in my partner's RAV4 hybrid. It does use kinetic energy to help recharge the battery, but it is not an electric car, per se.
From toyota:
Overview of the Toyota Hybrid System
The components and layout of the Toyota Hybrid System vary for each Toyota Hybrid model, but they all include an electric motor, a gasoline engine, a power control unit, a power split device, a generator, and a battery pack, as well as a special type of transmission for channeling the power to the wheels. The Toyota Hybrid System maximizes efficiency by seamlessly transitioning between gasoline and electric power according to the driving situation.
The balance of power output for the Toyota Hybrid System shifts more heavily towards the gasoline engine if a Toyota hybrid vehicle is driving at highway speeds. When the gasoline engine is operating, it charges the battery. When driving in city traffic or low-speed driving situations, the Toyota Hybrid System can operate on electric-only power for short distances for zero-emissions driving. Toyota hybrid vehicles also come equipped with brake regeneration technology, which utilizes the energy that’s emitted when the brakes are applied.
Mind you, this may be far from what the technology actually is, but this would work - it would charge while in motion, and the entire drive system would be electric. A prototype of this type is certainly plausible.
