Relief Therapeutics Holding AG (RLFTF)

[changes_iv]

Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor - 1 deficiency causes an increase in the frequency of antibiotic producing bacteria in mouse fecal samples ——— New antibiotic discovery is critical because bacteria are becoming resistant to currently prescribed antibiotics. A mammalian gut peptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), is highly expressed in the gut and possess antimicrobial activity. VIP binds two receptors, designated VPAC1 and VPAC2, and deficiency in all three have been shown to cause significant gut microbiota dysbiosis. We hypothesized that mice deficient for VIP signaling would be good candidates for exploring the existence of novel antibiotic-producing bacteria (APB).

https://www.jimmunol.org/content/198/1_Supplement/216.17

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is crucial for gastrointestinal tract (GIT) health. VIP sustains GIT homeostasis through maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier and acts as a potent anti-inflammatory mediator that contributes to gut bacterial tolerance. Based on these biological functions by VIP, we hypothesized that its deficiency would alter gut microbial ecology. To this end, fecal samples from male and female VIP+/+, VIP+/–, and VIP–/– littermates (n = 47) were collected and 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted. Our data revealed significant changes in bacterial composition, biodiversity, and weight loss from VIP–/– mice compared to VIP+/+ and VIP+/– littermates, irrespective of sex. The gut bacteria compositional changes observed in VIP–/– mice was consistent with gut microbial structure changes reported for certain inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, predicted functional changes by PICRUSt software suggested an energy surplus within the altered microbiota from VIP–/– mice. These data support that VIP plays an important role in maintaining microbiota balance, biodiversity, and GIT function, and its genetic removal results in significant gut microbiota restructuring and weight loss.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02689/full

Moreover, VIP could upregulate the expression of occludin in the ileum mucosa compared with the ETEC K88 group. Colon and caecum content bacterial richness and diversity were lower for pigs in the ETEC group than the unchallenged groups. These results demonstrate that VIP is beneficial for the maturation of the intestinal mucosal immune system and elicited local immunomodulatory activities. The TLR2/4-MyD88 mediated NF-?B and MAPK signaling pathway may be critical to the mechanism underlying the modulatory effect of VIP on intestinal mucosal immune function and bacterial community.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0104183

Selbyville, Delaware, May 20, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- According to estimates by seasoned analysts, global antibiotics market size was valued at USD 40.85 billion in 2020, and is anticipated to register 4.6% CAGR over 2021-2027, subsequently accruing USD 55.96 billion by the forecast period end.May 20, 2021

https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2021/05/20/2233145/0/en/Global-antibiotics-market-valuation-to-reach-USD-55-96-billion-by-2027.html