Pluristem Therapeutics Inc (PSTI)

[FDApproved]

3 IMMUNE SUPPRESSION BY MSCS

Immune system components, such as immune molecules and immune cells, protect the host against exogenous pathogen invasion and endogenous cancer development. The understimulated immune system could not protect the host. However, overstimulation would attack the healthy cells and tissues of the host, resulting in tissue or organ destruction. Thus, the immune response must be tightly regulated through different pathways. Uncovering the detailed mechanisms of this regulatory network is critical for understanding the pathogenesis of immune dysfunction–related diseases and developing new therapy strategies. Several cell populations have been demonstrated to prevent immune system overstimulation, including natural and induced CD4+ Treg (T regulatory cells),22 CD8+ Treg,23 Breg (B regulatory cells),24 M2 macrophages25 and suppressive dendritic cells.26 These cells modulate the immune reaction through secreting suppressive cytokines, such as IL-10, TGF-ß, IL-35, inhibitory ligand and receptors (such as PD-1 and PD-L1), and by directly regulating immune cell differentiation, maturation and survival.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cpr.12712