BioAmber Inc fka BIOAQ

[Real McCoy]

Thank you this is helpful to see where you were getting this from, and happily, I have discovered where you went wrong! I want this to be put away as definitively as that whole "opinion" fiasco yesterday, so I'll post excerpts from the article:

Affirm means,

To validate, to state positively.

Remember, to state positively has NOTHING to do with a positive outcome.

Also later:

It also means, to express someone’s dedication towards someone or something .


Obviously nothing about a requirement of a positive outcome.

Now, later:

2.Affirm means, to validate or state positively, to assert as valid and to express someone’s dedication; confirm means, to ratify, to strengthen, and to give assurance.

This is a little brutal because for affirm we have no mention of positive outcome, again it is "validate or state positively" (now we know that validate is the meaning of "state positively"), but we do have a mention that "confirm" is the appropriate term meant to "strengthen" (though of course the use of confirm would not mean "enhance by $500M" in any case, thats insane).

But, here is where you have gotten really turned around:

3.It has been seen that confirm is used for both negative and positive sentences; whereas affirm is mainly positive.[/I]

The word "positive" is again a killer that has tragically got your hopes up. This sentence absolutely does not refer to positive or negative outcomes. See this link for reference: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-negative-sentence-definition-structure-examples.html

A negative sentence is a sentence that states that something is false. In English, we create negative sentences by adding the word 'not' after the auxiliary, or helping, verb.
Affirmative sentences are the opposite of negative sentences because affirmative sentences state things positively.[/I]

What this means is that the key nuance of difference between "affirm" and "confirm" is that you cannot use "affirm" in a sentence like this: I can affirm that we did not win the game today. That would be using affirm in a negative sentence.

Correct sentences include:

I can affirm I have lost all my money. (positive sentence, negative outcome)
I can confirm I have not lost all my money. (negative sentence, positive outcome)

Incorrect sentence would include:

I can affirm I have not lost all my money. (positive outcome, but incorrect because "affirm" cannot be used for negative sentences).

I think this settles it once in for all.