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Re: Bruce A Thompson post# 380

Wednesday, 12/06/2006 12:21:30 AM

Wednesday, December 06, 2006 12:21:30 AM

Post# of 3879
IMPORTANT: The appearance of a security on a threshold list does not necessarily mean that there has been abusive naked short selling or any impermissible trading in the stock.


This is a must to read esp to understand REG SHO better:

http://www.sec.gov/spotlight/keyregshoissues.htm



3. Do all failures to deliver reflect improper activity that should be closed out?

A "fail to deliver" occurs when a broker-dealer fails to deliver securities to the party on the other side of the transaction on settlement date. There are many justifiable reasons why broker-dealers do not or cannot deliver securities on settlement date. A broker-dealer may experience a problem that is either unanticipated or is out of its control, such as (1) delays in customers delivering their shares to a broker-dealer, (2) the inability to obtain borrowed shares in time for settlement, (3) issues related to the physical transfer of securities, or (4) the failure of a broker-dealer to receive shares it had purchased to fulfill its delivery obligations. Fails to deliver can result from both long and short sales.

Regulation SHO was designed to target potentially problematic failures to deliver. Prevention of fails is the goal of the locate requirement. Regulation SHO requires broker-dealers to identify a source of borrowable stock before executing a short sale in any equity security with the goal of reducing the number of situations where stock is unavailable for settlement. But, because the locate is usually done three days before settlement, the stock may not be available from the source at the time of settlement, possibly resulting in a fail.

Regulation SHO also requires some fail positions to be closed out. When a broker-dealer has a fail position in a "threshold security," and that fail position has persisted for 13 consecutive settlement days, the broker-dealer must take immediate steps to close-out the fail by purchasing securities of like kind and quantity. Even market makers that have such persistent fails in threshold securities must close-out their positions.



5. Does inclusion of a stock on the threshold list mean that improper trading is occurring in the stock?

The appearance of a security on a threshold list does not necessarily mean that there has been abusive naked short selling or any impermissible trading in the stock
. Delivery failures can be caused by both long and short sales. In addition, notwithstanding actions by broker-dealers to close-out delivery failures, certain securities may remain on an SRO's threshold securities list for an extended period for a variety of legitimate reasons, such as:


Despite proper action to close-out fails, new delivery failures from long or short sales, at the same or other broker-dealers, result in the security staying on the threshold list;


One or more broker-dealers may have temporary but legitimate problems in obtaining the stock they borrowed in time for delivery;


Long sellers may have difficulty in producing stock in good deliverable form to their broker-dealer;


The delivery failures were established prior to a security's appearance on the SRO's threshold securities list, and thus are "grandfathered" from the close-out requirement.



6. Should all equity securities with high levels of fails appear on a threshold list?


Although Regulation SHO's locate provision applies to all equity securities, the close-out provisions and inclusion on a threshold securities list apply only to equity securities of companies required to register or file reports with the Commission ("reporting companies").32 As described above, reporting companies typically trade on an exchange or are quoted on the Nasdaq or OTCBB. Only some reporting companies are quoted on the Pink Sheets.33 Regulation SHO is limited to reporting companies because of the difficulty in obtaining accurate total shares outstanding data for non-reporting companies.


8. Do the issuers of threshold securities have "problems?"


Inclusion on the threshold list simply indicates that the aggregate failures to deliver in an issuer's equity securities have reached the level required to become a "threshold security" as defined in Regulation SHO. Inclusion on the list should not be interpreted as connoting anything negative about the particular issuer.