Avid Bioservices Inc (CDMO)

[biopharm]

Has something to do with our PS

Hutschi ...I agree... something to do with the IP assets and Belgium to Australia to some other key players ...I see Martine Piccart as top co author of Sherene Loi of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre

That $50k Ballroom trip to Australia was seen as not the best investment of money to some ....till now
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How Do Killer Immune Cells Protect Themselves From Self Harm?

Nov 29, 2019

White blood cells, which release a toxic potion of proteins to kill cancerous and virus-infected cells, are protected from any harm by the physical properties of their cell envelopes, find scientists from UCL and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne.


Until now, it has been a mystery to scientists how these white blood cells – called cytotoxic lymphocytes – avoid being killed by their own actions and the discovery could help explain why some tumours are more resistant than others to recently developed cancer immunotherapies.


The research, published in Nature Communications, highlights the role of the physical properties of the white blood cell envelope, namely the molecular order and electric charge, in providing such protection.
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... .......This turned out to be the negative charge of some lipid molecules sent to the cell surface, which bound the remaining perforin and blocked it from damaging the cell.

Joint first author, Dr Adrian Hodel, who screened and studied many membrane systems for this work, said: “We have long known that local lipid order can change how cells communicate which each other, but it was rather surprising that the precise physical membrane properties can also provide such an important layer of protection against molecular hole-punchers.”


In Melbourne, joint first author Jesse Rudd-Schmidt, who focused on the characterisation of the white blood cells in Associate-Professor Ilia Voskoboinik’s laboratory, said: “What we have found helps to explain how our immune system can be so effective in killing rogue cells. We are now also keen to investigate if cancer cells may use similar protection to avoid being killed by immune cells, which would then explain some of the large variability in patient response to cancer immunotherapies.”

https://www.technologynetworks.com/immunology/news/amp/how-do-killer-immune-cells-protect-themselves-from-self-harm-327797



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Nov 27, 2019

Lipid order and charge protect killer T cells from accidental death

Jesse A. Rudd-Schmidt, Adrian W. Hodel, Tahereh Noori, Jamie A. Lopez, Hyun-Jung Cho, Sandra Verschoor, Annette Ciccone, Joseph A. Trapani, Bart W. Hoogenboom & Ilia Voskoboinik - Show fewer authors

Abstract
Killer T cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTLs) maintain immune homoeostasis by eliminating virus-infected and cancerous cells. CTLs achieve this by forming an immunological synapse with their targets and secreting a pore-forming protein (perforin) and pro-apoptotic serine proteases (granzymes) into the synaptic cleft. Although the CTL and the target cell are both exposed to perforin within the synapse, only the target cell membrane is disrupted, while the CTL is invariably spared. How CTLs escape unscathed remains a mystery. Here, we report that CTLs achieve this via two protective properties of their plasma membrane within the synapse: high lipid order repels perforin and, in addition, exposed phosphatidylserine sequesters and inactivates perforin. The resulting resistance of CTLs to perforin explains their ability to kill target cells in rapid succession and to survive these encounters. Furthermore, these mechanisms imply an unsuspected role for plasma membrane organization in protecting cells from immune attack.
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........ Perforin-mediated membrane disruption is indispensable for allowing granzymes access to key substrates in the target cell cytosol, enabling the initiation of apoptosis of dangerous cells and to maintain immune homoeostasis. Consequently, failure to release functional perforin results in fatal immune dysregulation or increased susceptibility to viruses and to haematological cancers1,3,4.
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-13385-x

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Those damn negative charges, and the IP assets of Peregrine Pharmaceuticals with dozens of collaborations ....were able to allow a better understanding....of what was happening as immune systems were suppressed for how many years....as Big Pharma made Billions and Billions on toxic chemotherapy.

Peregrine KOL Dave Carbones father, Paul Carbone ....was RESISTED big time in the move to combination chemotherapy and we have seen even a bigger resistance to hide the value of the IP assets of Peregrine

Now... what does Big Pharma do? ...3D imaging... live cellular images as protein pathways are monitored ....those damn negative charges must be targeted : )

I like to call it "The Enlightenment Age of Disease" and Ronin Capital with John Springs Stafford "attempted" to swipe any chance one might have had by complete ignorance (putting it nicely ) but I am sure all can make up their own minds on the long, very long list of events that took place.

Trial after trial sabotaged on various levels ...
CRO corruptions ...
Lawsuits after lawsuit after lawsuit sealed in courts, closed to public
Patents paid off ...big bonuses promised...new job promotions ...

ALL the events that took place...make it 100% IMPOSSIBLE to have happened unless it was for a clear purpose...

To hide, delay and attempt to hijack the IP assets.....

....maybe Oncologie Inc will be forced to give back those IP rights since they have not made no big moves...yet ( Steve King at least had dozens of collaborations and Peter MacCallum Cancer Center In Australia seems like a real nice place to watch PS Targeting )