Strategic buyers are interested in a company’s fit into their own long-term business plans. Their interest in acquiring a company may include vertical expansion (toward the customer or supplier), horizontal expansion (into new geographic markets or product lines), eliminating competition, or enhancing some of its own key weaknesses (technology, marketing, distribution, research and development, etc.).
Strategic buyers are often willing and able to pay more for a company than financial buyers. There are two main reasons for this. First, strategic buyers may be able to realize synergistic benefits almost immediately due to economies of scale that may exist through the combined purchasing power of the new entity and the elimination of duplicate functions. The better the fit (i.e., the more realizable the synergies are), the more they will want the business and the greater the premium they will pay. Second, strategic buyers are generally larger companies with better access to capital. They often have another currency available to them in the form of stock. Strategic buyers often offer stock, cash, or a combination of the two in payment of the purchase price.
In short, the strategic buyer is buying the company in light of how it will enhance their existing operations. They are often willing to pay for readily realizable synergies, and many times will pay for speculative synergies, particularly if the target company is being marketed to other competitors (through some type of “auction”). Strategic buyers are much less likely to retain all of the current personnel.
