Simply Politics & News

[hap0206]

It would be futile to argue over an opinion as to an exact date when political parties began, however it is a fact that the first election to have candidates with party labels was 1792.

>>>In spite of these efforts, a "party system" developed in our nation about twenty years after our Constitution<<<

Why you deem this a bad thing, I am unable to understand, particularily when it is difficult to imagine an alternative.
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Federalist Party (United States)

The Federalist Party was a United States political party in the period 1793 to 1816, with remnants lasting until 1820. Along with the opposing Republican Party, it was the foundation of the First Party System. It was formed by Alexander Hamilton, who, in about 1792, built a network of supporters in the United States Congress and in the states to support his fiscal policies; the party advocated a strong national government, a loose construction of the United States Constitution based on the "Elastic Clause". It opposed aristocracy and monarchy but did believe in rule by the elite, and thus favored merchants, bankers, and industrialists. Its most powerful leader was Hamilton and its hero was George Washington. In the long run, one of the party's most influential members was Chief Justice John Marshall, who made the Supreme Court important.

Although George Washington never officially joined the party, he supported most of its programs and became its hero and symbol

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalist_Party_(United_States)
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Democratic-Republican Party (United States)

The Democratic-Republican Party is a name used by political scientists for the Jeffersonian political party that dominated U.S. political life during the first party system. Party members often called themselves republicans or Republicans, and voted for what was called the republican ticket or the republican interest; occasionally other names were used, including even Federalist and Federalist Republican.[1] Most modern history textbooks now call the party Republican or Jeffersonian Republican, while most political science textbooks prefer Democratic Republican.

Jefferson and Madison created the party in order to oppose the economic and foreign policies of the ruling Federalist Party, led by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton. In foreign policy, Republicans generally favored France (until 1801) and opposed Great Britain, going to war in 1812 with Britain. The Republicans insisted on a strict construction of the Constitution, and denounced many of Hamilton's proposals (especially the national bank) as unconstitutional. Republicans promoted states' rights and the primacy of the yeoman farmer, as opposed to bankers, industrialists and merchants. Thus from 1792 to 1816 the Republicans opposed such Federalist policies as high tariffs, a navy, military spending, a national debt, and a national bank. After 1816, however, the party split on these issues. Many younger party leaders, notably Henry Clay, John Quincy Adams and John C. Calhoun became nationalists who wanted to build prosperity and enough national strength to fight a war.[2] Meanwhile, the "Old Republican" faction continued to oppose these policies. By 1828 the Old Republicans were supporting Andrew Jackson against Clay and Adams.

The Jeffersonians and Federalists invented the modern political party—with permanent party names, voter loyalty, newspapers, state and local organizations, campaign managers, candidates, tickets, slogans, platforms, linkages across state lines, and patronage.[3]

The Republicans elected presidents Thomas Jefferson (1800 and 1804), James Madison (1808 and 1812), and James Monroe (1816 and 1820). The party's presidential candidates were nominated by a Congressional caucus. Presidents John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson identified themselves as "Republicans," but were not nominated in this fashion. The party soon dominated Congress and most state governments outside of New England. By 1820, the Federalists were no longer acting as a national party; and there was little to hold the party together. William H. Crawford in 1824 was the last nominee by caucus; but the caucus had been boycotted by most of the party. Crawford finished third in the election that year, behind John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic-Republican