Intellect Neurosciences Inc. (fka ILNS)

[montanus]

"These new criteria may help physicians managing ARIA-E in AD immunotherapy trials, once any such therapy is approved. “If AD immunotherapy is effective, then understanding how to predict, detect, and treat ARIA will be a major focus of putting that therapy into practice,” Greenberg told Alzforum. Iadecola agreed. “If CAA-ri is the basis of ARIA, immunosuppression may allow affected patients to continue immunotherapy.” He noted that ARIA is less serious than CAA-ri, so not all cases of ARIA may require treatment. “Nevertheless, having the opportunity to prevent or treat ARIA would expand the number of patients who could benefit from immunotherapy,” he said.—Gwyneth Dickey Zakaib"

http://www.alzforum.org/news/research-news/diagnosis-inflammation-cerebral-amyloid-angiopathy




Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 8638-8683; doi:10.3390/ijms14048638
International Journal of
Molecular Sciences
ISSN 1422-0067
www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms

Melatonin: Buffering the Immune System

Antonio Carrillo-Vico 1,†, Patricia J. Lardone 1,†, Nuria Álvarez-Sánchez 2
,
Ana Rodríguez-Rodríguez 2
and Juan M. Guerrero 1,2,*
1
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
E-Mails: [e-mail] (A.C.-V.); [e-mail] (P.J.L.)
2
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry,
Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
E-Mails: [e-mail] (N.Á.-S.); [e-mail] (A.R.-R.)
† These authors contributed equally to this work.
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [e-mail];
Tel.: [phone]; Fax: [phone].
Received: 1 March 2013; in revised form: 6 April 2013 / Accepted: 7 April 2013 /
Published: 22 April 2013



Abstract:
Melatonin modulates a wide range of physiological functions with pleiotropic
effects on the immune system. Despite the large number of reports implicating melatonin
as an immunomodulatory compound, it still remains unclear how melatonin regulates
immunity. While some authors argue that melatonin is an immunostimulant, many studies
have also described anti-inflammatory properties. The data reviewed in this paper
support the idea of melatonin as an immune buffer, acting as a stimulant under basal or
immunosuppressive conditions or as an anti-inflammatory compound in the presence of
exacerbated immune responses, such as acute inflammation. The clinical relevance of the
multiple functions of melatonin under different immune conditions, such as infection,
autoimmunity, vaccination and immunosenescence, is also reviewed.