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Complete Neanderthal Genome Sequenced

DNA Signatures Found in Present-Day Europeans and Asians, But Not In Africans

May 5, 2010 - Interview with Jim Mullikin, Ph.D., Acting Director NIH Intramural Sequence Center.

Download video (.MP4 388 MB) - https://www.genome.gov/Multimedia/Video/Neanderthal_Interview_Mullikin_050510.mp4

Bethesda, Md., Thurs., May 6, 2010 - Researchers have produced the first whole genome sequence of the 3 billion letters in the Neanderthal genome, and the initial analysis suggests that up to 2 percent of the DNA in the genome of present-day humans outside of Africa originated in Neanderthals or in Neanderthals' ancestors.

The international research team, which includes researchers from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), part of the National Institutes of Health, reports its findings in the May 7, 2010, issue of Science.

The current fossil record suggests that Neanderthals, or Homo neanderthalensis, diverged from the primate line that led to present-day humans, or Homo sapiens, some 400,000 years ago in Africa. Neanderthals migrated north into Eurasia, where they became a geographically isolated group that evolved independently from the line that became modern humans in Africa. They lived in Europe and western Asia, as far east as southern Siberia and as far south as the Middle East.

Approximately 30,000 years ago, Neanderthals disappeared. That makes them the most recent, extinct relative of modern humans, as both Neanderthals and humans share a common ancestor from about 800,000 years ago. Chimpanzees diverged from the same primate line some 5 million to 7 million years ago.

[...]

To understand the genomic differences between present-day humans and Neanderthals, the researchers compared subtle differences in the Neanderthal genome to the genomes found in DNA from the five people, as well as to chimpanzee DNA. An analysis of the genetic variation showed that Neanderthal DNA is 99.7 percent identical to present-day human DNA, and 98.8 percent identical to chimpanzee DNA. Present-day human DNA is also 98.8 percent identical to chimpanzee.

https://www.genome.gov/27539119

.. as you know percentages vary a bit over multi articles .. even one suggested human today
could be down to 94% of chimpanzee, but the one above is the clearest comparison found ..

LOL, it's too bad God cannot clarify anything for those of us who strive, as much as possible, to exist with a reality based consciousness.