Hemispherx BioPharma (HEB)

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Reviews
Vaccine adjuvant uses of poly-IC and derivatives

March 2015, Vol. 14, No. 3 , Pages 447-459 (doi:10.1586/14760584.2015.966085)

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Karen AO Martins, Sina Bavari, and Andres M Salazar
1USAMRIID,
1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, MD 21702,
USA
2Oncovir,
3203 Cleveland Ave, NW, Washington, DC, 20008,
USA
*Author for correspondence+1 202 321 6345 [phone] [e-mail]


Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are stand-alone immunomodulators or ‘danger signals,’ that are increasingly recognized as critical components of many modern vaccines. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly-IC) is a synthetic dsRNA that can activate multiple elements of the host defense in a pattern that parallels that of a viral infection. When properly combined with an antigen, it can be utilized as a PAMP-adjuvant, resulting in modulation and optimization of the antigen-specific immune response. We briefly review the preclinical and clinical uses of poly-IC and two poly-IC derivatives, poly-IC12U (Ampligen) and poly-ICLC (Hiltonol), as vaccine adjuvants.
Keywords
Adaptive immunity, adjuvant, ampligen, hiltonol, innate immunity, interferons, PAMP, poly-IC, poly-ICLC, TLR3, vaccine



Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1586/14760584.2015.966085