QS Energy Inc (QSEP)

[Flubug]

IF you took the time to look up Joule Heating on the Wikipedia you would see that Joule Heating is very simply the heating takes place when you run a current through a conductive material. The amount of heat is proportional to the amount of current and the resistance of the conductor.

Its why and space heater heats and an incandescent light bulb gets hot. Not real rocket science basically. So if you are putting an alternating current through a grid to create an electric field you are also going to be generating heat. The AOT is probably a grid engineered to generate a maximum electric field. A joule heating element may use different metals in a different geometrical array to generate maximum heat in the confines of working oil pipeline. Each application probably requires different engineering.